BS EN 13743-2009 砂带产品的安全要求.pdf

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This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13743:2001. Significant changes against EN 13743:2001 are as follows: a) The standard was technically and editorially revised and partly adapted to EN 12413:2007 on bonded abrasive products; b) Table 2 with dimensional abbreviations was deleted; c) “Vibration“ was included in the list of hazards in Table 3; d) Table 5 (now Table 4) containing maximum operating speeds and safety factors was simplified and burst speed factors were given instead of minimum bursting speed; e) Table 6 (now Table 5) with dimensional limitations and maximum operating speeds was simplified by abandoning the distinction between standard operating speeds and special operating speeds; f) Clause 6 on verification and inspection was shortened, 6.1.1 and 6.1.2 about safety speed test and bursting speed test were combined to a new 6.2, thereby deleting Table 7 with maximum operating speeds and safety test speeds; g) 6.2 on scope of the inspection was deleted together with Table 8; h) Clause 7 on information for use was shortened; i) the requirements for colour code stripes were deleted in Annex A and are now presented in a new Annex B; j) some values given in the speed conversion table in Annex B (now Annex C) were slightly changed. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. ÞÍ ÛÒ ïíéìíæîððç EN 13743:2009 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to provide one means of conforming with essential safety requirements, e.g. of the General Product Safety Directive and associated EFTA regulations. This European Standard is addressed to designers, manufacturers and suppliers of the coated abrasive products and back-up pads described in the scope. In addition, it helps designers, manufacturers and suppliers of grinding machines in the selection of abrasive products, in order to reduce the risks and achieve conformity of the respective machinery with the Essential Safety Requirements of the Machinery Directive. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this European Standard. ÞÍ ÛÒ ïíéìíæîððç EN 13743:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to the following coated abrasive products: flap wheels, flap discs, vulcanised fibre discs and spindle mounted flap wheels. It also applies to back-up pads for vulcanised fibre discs. This European Standard specifies requirements and/or measures for removal or reduction of hazards resulting from the design and application of the coated abrasive products and clamping devices. This European Standard also contains procedures and tests for verification of compliance with the requirements as well as safety information for use, which is to be made available to the user by the manufacturer. The hazards taken into consideration are listed in Clause 4 of this standard. This European Standard does not apply to non-woven web abrasive products, bonded abrasive products and superabrasive products. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications 3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purpose of this document the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General 3.1.1 coated abrasive product abrasive product composed of backing, abrasive particles and bond and optionally a supporting element NOTE Examples for supporting elements are pads and spindles. 3.1.2 clamping device device for fixing and positioning the abrasive product on the spindle of the grinding machine NOTE Clamping devices include e.g. back-up pads for vulcanised fibre discs, and clamping flanges for flap wheels. 3.2 Grinding machines 3.2.1 stationary grinding machine grinding machine being fixed in position during operation NOTE See for example EN 13218. 3.2.2 mobile grinding machine grinding machine not being fixed in position during operation NOTE Mobile grinding machines are manually guided (but not supported) by hand during use, e.g. floor grinding machines. ÞÍ ÛÒ ïíéìíæîððç EN 13743:2009 (E) 6 3.2.3 hand-held grinding machine grinding machine being held in the hand during the grinding process NOTE See for example EN 792-7, EN 792-9, EN 60745-2-3 and EN ISO 19432. 3.3 Type of application 3.3.1 General See Table 1. 3.3.2 mechanically guided grinding grinding process with feed movements of the abrasive product and/or workpiece guided by mechanical means 3.3.3 manually guided grinding grinding process with feed movements of the abrasive product and/or the workpiece manually guided by the operator 3.3.4 hand-held grinding grinding process with grinding machine entirely guided by the operator's hands Table 1 Type of application Type of machine Type of application Abrasive product Workpiece Stationary grinding machines Mechanically guided grinding Fixed Guided mechanically Guided mechanically Fixed Guided mechanically Guided mechanically Stationary and mobile grinding machines Manually guided grinding Guided by hand Fixed Fixed Guided by hand Hand-held grinding machines Hand-held grinding Guided by hand Fixed 3.4 Symbols The symbols used in this European Standard are listed in Table 2. ÞÍ ÛÒ ïíéìíæîððç EN 13743:2009 (E) 7 Table 2 Symbols Symbol Designation Definition Unit nab Deflection speed of a spindle mounted flap wheel Revolutions per minute at which the spindle of a rotating spindle mounted flap wheel is deflecting under centrifugal force 1/min nmax Maximum permissible speed of rotation Revolutions per minute of a rotating new abrasive product at maximum operating speed 1/min Sab Safety factor against spindle deflection for a spindle mounted flap wheel Deflection speed divided by maximum permissible speed of rotation: max n n S ab ab vs Maximum operating speed Maximum permissible peripheral speed of a rotating abrasive product m/s vbr Bursting speed Peripheral speed at which a rotating abrasive product breaks due to centrifugal force m/s vbr min Minimum bursting speed Peripheral speed, which a rotating abrasive product shall at least reach without bursting due to centrifugal force m/s fbr Burst speed factor Bursting speed divided by maximum operating speed: s br r v v fb Sbr Safety factor against bursting due to centrifugal force Bursting speed divided by maximum operating speed, all squared: 2 s br br v v S ÞÍ ÛÒ ïíéìíæîððç EN 13743:2009 (E) 8 4 List of significant hazards The significant hazards are given in Table 3. Table 3 List of significant hazards Hazard designation Hazardous situation (Examples) Relevant clauses in the standard Ejection of parts 1. Abrasive product breakage caused by: improper design 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 manufacturing defects 5.1 wrong selection 5.4, Clause 7 and Annex A improper handling and storage Clause 7 improper use (mounting and grinding process) Clause 7 2. Grinding debris Clause 7 Vibration Hand arm vibration on hand-held machines caused by: improper use Clause 7 incorrect mounting Clause 7 5 Safety requirements 5.1 General requirements 5.1.1 General Coated abrasive products shall be designed and manufactured in such a way that they resist the forces and loads that are to be expected when used as intended. They shall not present visible defects affecting safety and shall comply with the requirements listed in the following clauses. 5.1.2 Sequence of maximum operating speeds Coated abrasive products shall be manufactured for maximum operating speeds according to the following sequence: 16 16 20 25 32 35 40 45 50 63 80 in m/s For conversion of maximum operating speeds into speeds of rotation for different outside diameters D of the abrasive product, see Annex C. ÞÍ ÛÒ ïíéìíæîððç EN 13743:2009 (E) 9 5.2 Safety factors 5.2.1 Safety factors for flap wheels, flap discs and vulcanised fibre discs Flap wheels, flap discs and vulcanised fibre discs shall have a safety factor against bursting due to centrifugal forces at their maximum operating speed as given in Table 4. Table 4 Safety factors Type of machine Type of application Dimensional limitation for the outside diameter D of the abrasive product mm Maximum operating speed vs Safety factor Sbr Burst speed factor fbr m/s Stationary and mobile grinding machines Mechanically and manually guided grinding none 63 3 1,73 Hand-held grinding machines Hand-held grinding none 50 3 1,73 125 50 vs 80 3 1,73 125 50 vs 80 3,5 1,87 5.2.2 Safety factors for spindle mounted flap wheels Spindle mounted flap wheels shall have a safety factor against bursting due to centrifugal forces of Sbr = 3 at their maximum operating speed. The spindle shall have a safety factor against deflection of Sab = 1,3. 5.2.3 Safety factor for back-up pads for vulcanised fibre discs Back-up pads for vulcanised fibre discs shall fulfil a safety factor against bursting due to centrifugal force of Sbr = 3,5 at their maximum permissible speed of rotation. 5.3 Dimensional limitations and maximum operating speeds Coated abrasive products shall comply with the dimensional limitations and maximum operating speeds as specified in Table 5. ÞÍ ÛÒ ïíéìíæîððç EN 13743:2009 (E) 10 Table 5 Dimensional limitations and maximum operating speeds Designation, shape, dimensional letters Type of machinea Type of applicationa Dimensional limitations mm Maximum operating speeds vs m/s Flap wheel with or without flange D T Stationary grinding machines Mechanically and manually guided grinding D 600 T 300 D1 0,5D 40, 50 and 63 Hand-held grinding machines Hand-held grinding Dmax Tmax 250 50 200 75 165 75 125 100 100 125 D1 0,33D 40, 50 and 63 Spindle mounted flap wheel D T Sd Hand-held grinding machines Hand-held grinding D 80 T 50 40 Flap disc D T H Hand-held grinding machines Hand-held grinding D 230 T 22 H 22,23 80 ÞÍ ÛÒ ïíéìíæîððç EN 13743:2009 (E) 11 Table 5 (continued) Designation, shape, dimensional letters Type of machinea Type of applicationa Dimensional limitations mm Maximum operating speeds vs m/s Vulcanised fibre disc with or without cross slots D H Hand-held grinding machines Hand-held grinding 80 D 235 H 0,25D max. 40 ls 0,44D max. 80 80 a Definitions see 3.2 and 3.3. 5.4 Marking Coated abrasive products and back-up pads shall be marked according to Annex A. 6 Verification of the safety requirements 6.1 Verification of the general requirements For visible defects affecting safety the coated abrasive product is checked by visual inspection. Damaged abrasive products shall be destroyed. 6.2 Verification of the safety factor Compliance with the safety factor is checked by a centrifugal force test (bursting speed test). The coated abrasive product mounted in a clamping device on a suitable test rig is loaded with steadily increasing speed of rotation by centrifugal forces up to the minimum bursting speed or until bursting. The speed of rotation shall be measured with an accuracy of 1 %. The speed of