JASO B407-1987 英文版 汽车座椅舒适性试验规程.pdf

JAPANESE AUTOMOBILE STANDARD JASO B407-87 Hardness distribution Test code of seating comfort for automobile seats Hardness distribution curve 1. Scope This standard specifies the test methods for evaluating the general performance of automobile seats on their seating comfortability. Remarks: In this standard, units, numerical values and equations given in are conventional units, shown for reference. Load Hardness Distribution Surface Hard ness Vibration Damping 2. Purpose O O O O O O O O - - This standard is developed for standardizing the test methods to be used for testing the seating comfortability of automobile seats and for ensuring an adequate evaluation of the seating comfortability of these seats. 3. Definitions Definitions of principal terms used in this standard shall be pursuant to JASO Z 215 (Glossary of Terms Relating to Seats of Automobiles). 4. Test types and their applicability 4.1 Types of tests Tests shall be classified by tpe as shown in Table I according to the objectives of the tests and the characteristics of the test piece to be tested. 4.2 Test applicability The tests shall be applied as shown in Table 2 depending on the piece to be tested. I Type of test Surfa ce Hardness Vibration r I Table 1 Test types Test objective 1 Characteristics to examine 1 1 Load-deflection curve I Deflection Deflecting performance 1 Static spring constant I Hysteresis loss coefficient Damping performance 1 Load-sinkage curve I Softness 1 Sinkage I 1 Static spring constant I Acceleration transmissibility characteristics or displacement transmissibility characteristics Resonance magnification Vi brati on performance 1 Dynamic spring constant I Damping Table 2 Test applicability - Type of test Seat Seat Type of test - c e I cushion I back I Normative references: J E D 4607 Three dimensional manikins for use in defining automobile seating accommodations (3DM-JM50) Rules for rounding off of numerical values Hip point of automobile seat Glossary of terms relating to seats of automobiles Road vehicles - Procedure for H-point determination JIS 2 8401 JASO 2 O09 JASO 2 215 IS0 6549 1 JAS0 B407-87 5. General test conditions 5.1 Pressing plates 5.1.2 Mounting the pressing plates onto the tester Unless otherwise specified, the mounting portion of the pressing plates shall be attached to the tester by means of the universal joints to be provided there-between except Pressing plates to be used in the tests shall be as follows. 5.1.1 Types of pressing plates Pressing plates shall be of four kinds as shown in Fig. 1. They shall have sufficient strength, body rigidity and surface smoothness to meet the testing requirements. case where a column-type pressing plate is used requiring direct attachment 5.1.3 Loading center of pressing plates The loading center of the pressing plate shall be at the center of the universal joint Fig. I Pressing plates Fig. 1-1 JM type R rn For seat cushion SA-f u badina centra Line connecting hip point to knee point Pressing surisce X For seat back Torso line Pressing surface -;tY rks I: Configuration f the pressing plates shall be pursuant to Se t Pan or Back Pan specified in JIS D 4607 (Three dimensional manikins (3DM-JM50) for use in defining automobile seating accommodations) 2: Center of gravity of the pressing plate shall be be on the line X-X or Y-Y. 3: Numerals in parenthesis shown in the Figures are for reference. They indicate the distance from the hip point or the torso line to the pressing plate. 2 JAS0 B407-87 Fig. 1-2 AM type Unit : mm For Seat Cushion For Seat Back - Loading centre Pressing surface Torso line Pressing surface I X Remarks I: Configuration of the pressing plates shall be pursuant to Seat Pan or Back Pan specified in JIS D 4607 (Three dimensional manikins (3DM-JM50) for use in defining automobile seating accommodations) 2: Center of gravity of the pressing plate shall be be on the line X-X or Y-Y. 3: Numerals in parenthesis shown in the Figures are for reference. They indicate the distance from the hip point or the torso line to the pressing plate. Fig. 1-3 Tekken Type Fig. 1-4 Column Type Unit : mm For Seat Cushions and Seat Backs 1 I N i 4 i 3 N Y Loading centre 8 I F I Pressing surface $1 ß30+ 1 3 JASO B407-87 5.2 Applicability and setting directions of pressing plates Applicability and setting directions of the pressing plates to be used in the tests shall be as follows. 5.2.1 Applicability of pressing plates The pressing plates shall be applied to the tests as shown in Table 3 depending on the type of piece to be tested and type of tests to be conducted. Table 3 Application of pressing plates Wce Type of test Type of test I Seatcushion I Seat back I Load Hardness Distribution JM-Type AM-Type “Tekken“-Type Column-Type JM-Type AM-Type “Te kke t'-Type Column-Type Surface Hardness I Column-Type 1 Column-Type 1 Vi bration Damping JM-Type AM-Type “Tekken“-Type JM-Type AM-Type “Tekken“-TvDe 5.2.2 Setting directions of pressing plates (1) For the JM- and AM-types, the pressing plates shall be set according to the seating methods prescribed in JIS D 4607 and IS0 6549. (2) For the “Tekken“-type, the pressing plate shall be set with its longer side placed sideways on the seat cushion and lengthways on the seat back, as a rule. 5.3 Points of load application and loading directions Locations of the loading points and loading directions shall be determined as specified below with the test piece placed at its standard mounting position. (Refer to Fig. 2) Hip-point, Knee-point, Torso Line, point B and the reference lines herein referred to in Fig. 2 are the points and lines of standard design. If these standard points or lines are not known, they shall be determined by actual measurement. 5.3.1. Location of loading points Location of points of loading onto the test piece shall be as Follows depending on the type of pressing plates. (1) Seat cushion (a) For the JM- and AM-types, the point on the seating center line of the seat cushion, 32 mm shifted toward the knee point from the hip point specified in JASO 2 O09 (Hip point of automobile seat). (b) For the “Tekken“- and Column-types, the point on the seating center line of the seat cushion, 130 mm forward-shifted horizontally from point B shown in Fig. 2. (2) Seat back (a) For the JM-type, the point on the seating center line of the seat back, 292 mm upward-shifted in parallel with the torso line, from the hip point specified in JASO 2 009. (b) For the AM-type, the point on the seating center line of the seat back, 302 mm upward-shifted in parallel with the torso line, from the hip point specified in JASO 2 009. (c) For the “Tekken“- and Column-types, the point on the seating center line of the seat back, 170 mm upward-shifted from point B in parallel with the reference line shown in Fig. 3 or in parallel with the torso line specified in JIS D 4607 as shown in Fig. 2. 4 JAS0 B407-87 Fig. 2 Positions and directions of the load Unit: mm OJ s/ Vertical line tan- Fig. 3 How to determine point B and reference line Unit: mm Vertical line tan- gential to seat back I 5 JAS0 B407-87 pressing plate JM-Type 5.3.2 Loading directions Seat cushion Seat back 700 71 400 41 6. Test methods AM-Type “Te kken“-Type Directions for loading the test piece shall be as follows. (a) The seat cushion is vertical. (b) The seat back is perpendicular to the torso line shown in Fig. 2. The reference line shown in Fig. 3 may be used in place of the torso line. 850 87 500 SI 700 71 300 31 5.4 Preliminary pressing As the preliminary pressing, the load specified in Table 4 shall be applied, at least two times, to the loading point specified in 5.3.1. This preliminary pressing, however, may be omitted when a load equivalent to this preliminary pressing load has already been applied prior to this test. 5.5 Indication of characteristic values The number of digits to indicate characteristic values shall be as shown in Table 5. Table 5 Number of digits of numerals to indicate c h aract Characteristic eristic values Number of digits to indicate Deflection Static spring constant Coefficient of Hysteresis Loss Sinkage Resonance frequency Resonance Magnification Dynamic spring constant Logarithmic decrement Integer only Down to one place of decimal Down to two places of decimal Integer only Integer only Down to one place of decimal Down to one place of decimal Down to one place of decimal Down to two places of decimal Down to two places of decimal 6.1 Load test 6.1.1 Mounting the test piece onto the tester The test piece shall be mounted onto the tester so that the loading direction prescribed in 5.3.2 can become vertical. 6.1.2 Relative location of pressing plate and test piece The test piece shall be placed so that the vertical line from the loading center of the pressing plate can be in alignment with the loading direction at the loading point on the test piece specified in 5.3.1 and most of the pressing surfaces of the pressing plate can become mostly parallel with the surfaces of the test piece prior to applying any load. 6.1.3 Initial load, loadinglunloading speeds, and maximum load Apply the initial load of 5N (0.5 kgf onto the test piece, and then with the load center of the pressing plate set as the starting point, apply the load onto the test piece and release the load at the speeds of 150-300 mmlmin. Develop the load-deflection curve as shown in Fig. 4. Record the loading and unloading speeds at that time. The maximum load to be applied during the loading shall be equal to the preliminary load shown in Table 4. The break time for switchover from loading to unloading shall be no longer than 2 seconds. Fig. 4 Load-deflection curve b Deflexion rnm Remarks: Rounding off of the numerals shall be made in accordance with JIS Z 8401. 6 JAS0 B407-87 pressing plate JM-Type 6.1.4 Results Seat cushion Seat back 500 51 250 26 Obtain the following values from the load-deflection curve as shown in Fig. 4, examining the deflection and damping performance. (1) Deflections shall be the values corresponding to the values at the time the loads shown in Table 6 are applied. “Te kken“-Type 450 46 150 15 (2) The static spring constant shall be the value of the tangent of the tangential line to the loading-side curve at the time the load shown in Table 6 is applied. (3) For obtaining the coefficient of hysteresis loss, first measure the loaded area and the hysteresis loss area, and subsequently obtain it from the following formula. Area O abcd O Area O abe O a = where, a : coefficient of hysteresis loss (%) 6.2 Hardness distribution test Hardness distribution test shall be conducted as follows 6.2.1 Mounting the test piece onto tester The test piece shall be mounted on the tester so that the loading direction prescribed in 5.3.2 can become vertical. 6.2.2 Relative location of pressing plate and test piece As shown in Fig. 5, the points where the load is to be applied shall be set, in sequence, 50 mm apart with the reference points specified in 5.3.1. They will be set on the longitudinal and lateral lines for the seat cushion, and on the longitudinal and vertical lines for the seat back, passing through these reference points and running crosswise with each other at right angles on the planes vertical to the loading directions. The loading centers on the pressing plates shall come in alignment with the loading directions set at the loading points. Measurements shall be taken for all the loading points where ever possible. 6.2.3 Initial load, loading speed, and loads when deflections are measured Apply the initial load of 5N (0.5 kgf onto the test piece, and, with the loading center identified at that time on the pressing plates set as the starting point, further apply the load onto the seat cushion and onto the seat back at a speed not exceeding 1000 mmlmin. The load to be applied shall be not less than 200N (20 kgf for the seat cushion and not less than 1001-1 I O kgf for the seat back. Measure the deflections when the load of 1 OON is applied to the seat back. The loading speed at the respective loading points shall be the same. Loading speed at that time shall be recorded. 6.2.4. Results Develop the hardness distribution curves as shown in Fig. 6 from the deflections identified at the respective loading points, examining the hardness distribution. Fig. 5 Location of loading points Fig. 6 Hardness distribution curves (examples) Straight tine used as Referem Line Reference Unit: mm Seat Surface Used as Reference Line Remarks: The curves shown above denote the deflections of the seat cushion when viewed sideways. t x=Loading Points 7 JAS0 B407-87 6.3 Surface hardness test A surface hardness test shall be conducted as follows 6.3.1 Mounting the test piece onto the tester The test piece shall be mounted on the tester so that the loading direction prescribed in 5.3.2 can become vertical. 6.3.2 Relative location of pressing plate and test piece The test piece shall be positioned so that the vertical line from the loading center of the pressing plate comes in alignment with the loading direction at the loading point specified in 5.3.1. 6.3.3 Initial load and loading speed Apply the initial load of 5N (0.5 kgf onto the test piece, and, with the loading center identified at that time on the pressing plate set as the starting point, apply a load up to 60N (6 kgf at the loading speed of 150-300 mmlmin. The load-sinkage curve shall be developed as shown in Fig. 7. Record the loading speed at that time. 6.3.4 Results Obtain the amount of the sinkage and static spring constant, from the load-sinkage curve as shown in Fig. 7, at the time when the load of 40N (4 kgf is applied, examining the softness. The static spring constant shall be the value of the tangent of the angle between the tangent line to the curve and the axis of abscissa at the time a load of 40N (4 kgf is applied. Fig. 7 Load-sinkage curve O d Sinkage mm Amount of Sinkage = d (mml Static Spring Constant = tan û Ikgflmm N/mrn)l 6.4 Vibration test A vibration test shall be conducted as follows. 6.4.1 Mounting the test piece onto the tester The test piece shall firmly be fixed onto the tester so that the loading direction prescribed in 5.3.2 can become vertical. 6.4.2 Relative location of the pressing plate and test piece The test piece shall be positioned so that the vertical line from the loading center of the pressing plate comes in alignment with the loading direction at the loading point specified in 5.3.1. 6.4.3 Mass of pressing plate The mass of the pressing plate shall be equivalent to the load at the time deflection is measured as indicated in Table 6. 6.4.4 Total amplitude and frequency Total vertical amplitude of the shaking table shall be selected from among 2, 5, 1 O, 15 and 20 mm. The exciting frequency shall be within a range of I HZ to a frequency to exceed the resonance frequency by 2 Hz or more. The shaking wave shall be sine wave. 6.4.5 Acceleration and absolute displacement