IEEE Std C95.2-1999 IEEE Standard for Radio-Frequency Energy and Current-Flow Symbols.pdf

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright © 1999 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 30 December 1999. Printed in the United States of America. Print: ISBN 0-7381-1839-7 SH94802 PDF: ISBN 0-7381-1840-0 SS94802 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. IEEE Std C95.2-1999 (Revision of IEEE Std C95.2-1982) IEEE Standard for Radio-Frequency Energy and Current-Flow Symbols Sponsor IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 28 on Non-Ionizing Radiation Approved 16 September 1999 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: Symbols to inform people about the presence of potentially hazardous levels of radio- frequency energy or the presence of contact current hazards in the frequency range of 3 kHz to 300 GHz are specified. Guidance is given about how these symbols should be used on warning signs and labels. Keywords: caution, contact current, danger, hazard, labels, microwave, radio frequency, shock, signs, symbol, warning Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:35:58 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Com- mittees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. Members of the committees serve voluntarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed within IEEE represent a consensus of the broad expertise on the subject within the Institute as well as those activities outside of IEEE that have expressed an interest in participating in the development of the standard. Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. 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The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:35:58 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved. iii Introduction (This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C95.2-1999, IEEE Standards for Radio-Frequency Energy and Current-Flow Symbols.) In 1960, the American Standards Association approved the initiation of the Radiation Hazards Standards project under the co-sponsorship of the Department of the Navy and the Institute of Electrical and Electron- ics Engineers. Prior to 1988, C95 standards were developed by an Accredited Standards Committee and submitted to ANSI for approval and issuance as ANSI C95 standards. Between 1988 and 1990, the committee was converted to Standards Coordinating Committee 28 (SCC28) under the sponsorship of the IEEE Standards Board. In accordance with policies of the IEEE, C95 standards will be issued and developed as IEEE standards, as well as being submitted to ANSI for recognition. The present scope of IEEE SCC28 is: “Development of standards for the safe use of electromagnetic energy in the range of 0 Hz to 300 GHz rela- tive to the potential hazards of exposure of man, volatile materials, and explosive devices to such energy. It is not intended to include infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or ionizing radiation. The committee will coordinate with other committees whose scopes are contiguous with SCC28.” The IEEE SCC28 is responsible for this standard. There are fi ve subcommittees concerned with ITechniques, Procedures, and Instrumentation IITerminology, Units of Measurements, and Hazard Communication IIISafety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure, 03 kHz IVSafety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure, 3 kHz300 GHz VSafety Levels with Respect to Electro-Explosive Devices Two standards, two guides, and one recommended practice have been issued. Current versions are IEEE Std C95.1, 1999 Edition, IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz (incorporating IEEE Std C95.1-1991 and IEEE Std C95.1a-1998). ANSI C95.2-1982 (Reaff 1988), American National Standard Radio Frequency Radiation Hazard Warning Symbol. IEEE Std C95.3-1991 (Reaff 1997), IEEE Recommended Practice for the Measurement of Potentially Haz- ardous Electromagnetic FieldsRF and Microwave. (Replaces ANSI C95.3-1973 and ANSI C95.5-1981.) ANSI C95.3-1973 (Reaff 1979), American National Standard Techniques and Instrumentation for the Mea- surement of Potentially Hazardous Electromagnetic FieldsRF and Microwave. ANSI C95.5-1981, American National Standard Recommended Practice for the Measurement of Hazardous Electromagnetic FieldsRF and Microwave. IEEE Std 1460-1996, IEEE Guide for the Measurement of Quasi-Static Magnetic and Electric Fields. ANSI C95.4-1971, American National Standard Safety Guide for the Prevention of Radio-Frequency Radia- tion Hazards in the Use of Electric Blasting Caps. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:35:58 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. iv Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved. Participants IEEE Std C95.2-1999 was prepared by Subcommittee II on Terminology, Units of Measurements, and Haz- ard Communication of IEEE SCC28. The following persons participated in the Subcommittee II Working Group that approved this standard: Richard A. Tell, Chair John A. Leonowich, Secretary The following members of IEEE SCC28 were on the balloting committee that voted on IEEE Std C95.2-1999 for submission to the IEEE-SA Standards Board: John M. Osepchuk, Chair Eleanor R. Adair, Vice Chair Ronald C. Petersen, Secretary The following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard: Eleanor R. Adair E. Aslan Quirino Balzano D. Baron J. Bushberg C. K. Chou Jules Cohen Robert A. Curtis J. DAndrea John DeFrank L. Erdreich D. Ericksen A. Fahy-Elwood W. Arthur Guy D. Haes W. Hammer E. Hare James B. Hatfi eld Louis N. Heynick Ken Joyner B. Jon Klauenberg George M. Marmaro Stewart Maurer S. McMahan R. Needy R. Olsen John M. Osepchuk Ronald C. Petersen B. Roberts Asher R. Sheppard Mays L. Swicord Arthur G. Varanelli Louis A. Williams Robert Yacovissi D. Young Marvin C. Ziskin Quirino Balzano Charles R. Buffl er J. Bushberg Stephen Chiusano C. K. Chou Jules Cohen Robert A. Curtis J. DAndrea John DeFrank David A. Dini L. Dornetto L. Erdreich David N. Erwin Stewart Fastman D. George M. Grandolfo W. Arthur Guy D. Hadlock James B. Hatfi eld Louis N. Heynick Ken Joyner Harrison F. Kerschner B. Jon Klauenberg John A. Leonowich Robert P. Liburdy James C. Lin George M. Marmaro Stewart Maurer M. Meltz J. Orr William Paul B. Roberts Ervin D. Root Terence Rybak Asher R. Sheppard Mays L. Swicord Richard A. Tell Arthur G. Varanelli J. Weizeorick Louis A. Williams Robert Yacovissi Donald W. Zipse Marvin C. Ziskin Eleanor R. Adair Quirino Balzano Charles R. Buffl er Stephen Chiusano C. K. Chou Jules Cohen Robert A. Curtis John DeFrank David A. Dini David N. Erwin Stewart Fastman W. Arthur Guy James B. Hatfi eld Louis N. Heynick Ken Joyner Harrison F. Kerschner B. Jon Klauenberg John A. Leonowich Robert P. Liburdy James C. Lin George M. Marmaro Stewart Maurer John M. Osepchuk William Paul Ronald C. Petersen Ervin D. Root Terence Rybak Asher R. Sheppard Mays L. Swicord Richard A. Tell Arthur G. Varanelli Louis A. Williams Robert Yacovissi Donald W. Zipse Marvin C. Ziskin Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:35:58 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved. v When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 16 September 1999, it had the following membership: Richard J. Holleman, Chair Donald N. Heirman, Vice Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary *Member Emeritus Also included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison: Robert E. Hebner Yvette Ho Sang IEEE Standards Project Editor Satish K. Aggarwal Dennis Bodson Mark D. Bowman James T. Carlo Gary R. Engmann Harold E. Epstein Jay Forster* Ruben D. Garzon James H. Gurney Lowell G. Johnson Robert J. Kennelly E. G. “Al” Kiener Joseph L. Koepfi nger* L. Bruce McClung Daleep C. Mohla Robert F. Munzner Louis-François Pau Ronald C. Petersen Gerald H. Peterson John B. Posey Gary S. Robinson Akio Tojo Hans E. Weinrich Donald W. Zipse Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:35:58 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. vi Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1.Overview1 1.1Scope1 1.2General.1 2.References1 3. Defi nitions2 4.Description of symbols3 4.1 Description of touch symbol3 4.2Description of the RF electric current hazard advisory symbol 3 4.3Description of the RF energy advisory symbol .4 5.Design and use of advisory signs.4 5.1Colors.4 5.2Use of symbols.4 5.3Layout of signs.4 5.4“DANGER” signs6 5.5“WARNING” signs6 5.6“CAUTION” signs.7 5.7“NOTICE”signs.7 5.8General safety signs.8 5.9Guidance on text8 5.10 Print font and case9 5.11 Print size.9 5.12 Line spacing.9 5.13 Placement of signs.9 6.Design and use of labels 10 6.1Layout10 6.2Print font and case10 6.3Reference to instruction manual 10 6.4Label placement.11 7.Use of signs and labels to notify intended viewers of exposures and hazards.11 8.Signs and labels created using graphics applications 12 9.Unusual color requirements.12 10.Use of other sign formats.12 11. Confl icts with more recent standards.12 Annex A (informative) Symbols suitable for scanning and original 1:1 scale drawings 13 Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:35:58 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.1 IEEE Standard for Radio-Frequency Energy and Current-Flow Symbols 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This standard defines the design of symbols denoting the incidence of radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic energy in the frequency range from 3 kHz to 300 GHz. The standard also defines the use of these symbols in signs and labels intended to warn workers or the public of the presence of potentially hazardous levels of RF energy and other hazards that may arise from RF energy, such as RF induced currents, shocks, or burns. Guidance on the application and placement of these signs in operational settings is not within the scope of this document. 1.2 General The purpose of this revision is to be consistent with the ANSI Z535 series1 of standards addressing the design and use of environmental warning signs and labels, and IEEE Std C95.1, 1999 Edition. This standard addresses environmental and facility safety signs, and product safety signs and labels where the symbols specified in this standard may be used. Accident prevention tags are not addressed here because accident prevention tags used for protection against RF energy have no unique features. (See ANSI Z535.5-1998 for guidance concerning accident prevention tags.) This standard provides a single reference source for the design of signs and labels for RF hazards. 2. References This standard shall be used in conjunction with the following publications. When the following publications are superseded by an approved revision, the revision shall apply. The safety level of RF energy with respect to personnel is contained in IEEE Std C95.1, 1999 Edition. ANSI Z535.1-1998, American National Standard for Safety Color Code.2 ANSI Z535.2-1998, American National Standard for Environmental and Facility Safety Signs. 1Information on references can be found in Clause 2. 2ANSI publications are available from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/). Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:35:58 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. IEEE Std C95.2-1999IEEE STANDARD FOR 2Copyright © 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved. ANSI Z535.3-1998, American National Standa