AS-2049-2002.pdf

AS 20492002 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian Standard Roof tiles AS 20492002 Building Code of Australia Primary referenced Standard This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee BD-008, Roof Tiles. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 28 August 2002. This Standard was published on 30 October 2002. The following are represented on Committee BD-008: Australian Building Codes Board Australian Council of Trade Unions CSIRO Manufacturing (b) quality of materials; and (c) the finished product. The following types of roof tile are considered: (i) Shingle (plain) tiles. (ii) Side locking tiles (iii) Side and headlocking tiles. NOTES: 1 Other types of roof tiles are not precluded. 2 The various terms used in this Standard are illustrated in Appendices A, B and C. 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1170 Structural design actions 1170.2 Part 2: Wind actions 1379 Specification and supply of concrete 1478 Chemical admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout 1478.1 Part 1: Admixtures for concrete 2050 Installation of roof tiles 2758 Aggregates and rock for engineering purposes 2758.1 Part 1: Concrete aggregates 3582 Supplementary cementitious materials for use with portland and blended cement 3582.1 Part 1: Fly ash 3972 Portland and blended cements 4046 Methods of testing roof tiles 4046.1 Method 1: Determination of distortion 4046.2 Method 2: Determination of batten lugs and squareness 4046.3 Method 3: Determination of transverse strength 4046.4 Method 4: Determination of water absorption 4046.5 Method 5: Determination of permeability 4046.6 Method 6: Determination of resistance to freeze/thaw 4046.7 Method 7: Determination of resistance to salt attack 4046.9 Method 9 Determination of dynamic weather resistance 4055 Wind loads for housing A1 5 AS 20492002 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia BS EN 12878 Pigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement and/or lime. Specifications and methods of test 6920 Suitability of non-metallic products for use in contact with water intended for human consumption with regard to their effect on the quality of the water 6920-1 Part 1: Specification 6920-2.1 Method 2.1: Methods of testSamples for testing 6920-2.2.1 Method 2.2.1: Methods of testOdour and flavour of waterGeneral method of test 6920-2.2.2 Method 2.2.2: Method of testOdour and flavour of waterMethod of testing odours and flavours imparted to water by 6920-2.2.3 Method 2.2.3: Methods of testOdour and flavour of water. Method of testing odours and flavours imparted to water by 6920-2.3 Method 2.3: Methods of testAppearance of water 6920-2.4 Method 2.4: Methods of testGrowth of aquatic micro-organisms test 6920-2.5 Method 2.5: Methods of testThe extraction of substances that may be of concern to public health. 6920-2.6 Method 2.6: Methods of testThe extraction of metals 6920-3 Part 3: High temperature tests 6920-4 Part 4: Method for the GCMS identification of water leachable organic substances Guidelines on the collection, care and control of rainwater in tanks 3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply. 3.1 Ancillary A moulded non-metallic product used to finish the roof; includes apex, ridge, and barge tiles NOTE: See Appendix C for illustration. 3.2 Roof tile A moulded interlocking non-metallic product used to form the field of the roof. NOTE: See Appendices A and B for illustration. 3.3 Identifiable lot A batch of tiles or accessories of the same type, profile and colour, produced in a single shift, on a particular date, and at essentially the same time. 3.4 Terracotta A mixture of clay materials fired to a temperature necessary to form a ceramic bond, which will ensure the tile is fit for service and, where necessary, achieve resistance to salt attack. 4 MATERIALS 4.1 Admixtures Any chemical admixtures used in the concrete shall comply with AS 1478, and shall be used in accordance with AS 1379. 4.2 Aggregate Aggregate or the components of the aggregate shall comply with AS 2758.1. AS 20492002 6 © Standards Australia www.standards.com.au 4.3 Cement Cement shall comply with AS 3972. 4.4 Fly ash Fly ash shall comply with AS 3582.1. 4.5 Pigments Pigments shall comply with BS EN 12878. 4.6 Surface treatment Materials used for the surface treatment of tiles shall not impart to rainwater, which may be collected from the roof, any objectionable taste, colour or odour of any element or chemical in a concentration known to be hazardous to health. NOTES: 1 Guidelines are provided in Guidelines on the collection, care and control of rainwater in tanks. 2 A method of assessing compliance with Clause 4.6 is provided by BS 6920. 5 DESIGN AND DIMENSIONS 5.1 General Roof tiles shall be designed and manufactured to ensure that, when fixed in accordance with AS 2050, the requirements of the dynamic weather resistance test, detailed in AS 4046.9, are satisfied. Sarking requirements relating to wind classification and pitch/rafter length specified in AS 2050 shall be satisfied. 5.2 Dimensional tolerances 5.2.1 General For the purposes of this Clause (5.2), the dimensions of the tile shall be the mean of measurements taken at the following locations, rounded to the nearest millimetre (a) Exposed width: head, nose and across the mid-point of the tile (see Figure 1). (b) Length: each side and along the centre of the tile. (c) Thickness: the centre of the tile at the mid-point (excluding lugs or brand imprints) and at the head and nose. 5.2.2 Tolerances A sample of 12 units shall be tested. The dimensional tolerances for roof tiles shall be determined in accordance with AS 4046.2. The mean of the individual results shall be as follows: (a) Exposed width: manufacturers nominated width ±2%. (b) Length: manufacturers nominated length ±2%. 7 AS 20492002 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia FIGURE 1 TILE WIDTHS 5.3 Permitted distortion The permitted distortion of any roof tile shall be such that when tested in accordance with AS 4046.1, the maximum gap shall not exceed (a) 3 mm for plain tiles; (b) 5 mm for side-locking tiles; or (c) 8 mm for head-and-side-locking tiles. 5.4 Batten lugs and squareness Where the design of the tile requires batten lugs, one or more shall be provided on the underside of each tile such that they engage over the upper edge of the tiling battens to provide for the horizontal alignment and vertical restraint of tiles when fixed. When tiles are tested in accordance with AS 4046.2, the shape and position of the batten lugs, where fitted, shall be such that where required, each of the 12 test specimens is self- supporting. NOTE: Some single profile tile designs cannot be supported by the batten lugs without additional restraint, e.g., multiple nailing. In this case, to test for squareness, the apparatus should be used horizontally. 6 WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH The surface of the tile shall be free from defects, irregularities or excrescences that would detract from the function of the completed roof, as specified in Clause 5.1 NOTES: 1 Some minor surface marks and blemishes are inherent in the manufacturing process. 2 Surface rectification for minor marks and blemishes is an acceptable form of rectification as long as such rectification does not impair the performance of the products. 3 Because of possible variations in decorative features such as colour, gloss level and texture, it is recommended that a note be included in the manufacturers literature advising the consumer accordingly, and recommending that agreement be reached on acceptable variations in these features at the time of purchase. 7 PROVISION FOR FIXING All concrete and terracotta roofing tiles and accessories shall be capable of being fixed in accordance with AS 2050 and have a fixing system designed to meet the appropriate loading requirements of AS 1170.2 or AS 4055. 8 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 8.1 General In addition to the design and dimensional requirements set out in Clause 5, roof tiles shall comply with the performance criteria set out in this Clause (8). AS 20492002 8 © Standards Australia www.standards.com.au 8.2 Transverse breaking load 8.2.1 Requirement When tiles are tested in accordance with AS 4046.3, the average transverse breaking load for the six test specimens shall be not less than 4 N per millimetre of exposed width for all tiles. Additionally, the transverse breaking load for each of the individual test specimens shall be not less than 3.325 N per millimetre of exposed width for all tiles. NOTE: For exposed width refer to Clause 5.2.2(a) and Figure 1. 8.2.2 Retest A retest shall be permitted in the event that the group average transverse breaking load is less than the required minimum, or only one of the test specimens fails to comply with the individual minimum. In the event of such retest, the test results of the specimens originally tested shall be discarded, and the test shall be repeated on 12 further specimens selected at random from the same identifiable lot as that from which the original test specimens were sampled. If the group average breaking load for the 12 retest specimens is less than the required minimum, or if any one of the retest specimens has a breaking load less than the required individual minimum, the lot shall be deemed not to comply with the transverse load requirements of this Standard. 8.3 Water absorption When roof tiles or accessories are tested in accordance with AS 4046.4, the percentage of water absorption of any test pieces shall be not more than 10% for tiles graded as general purpose. For terracotta roof tiles that are not kiln fresh and which have been dipped or sealed with a water repellent, they shall be tested after being brought to 500°C, held there for a minimum 2 h, soaked and then cooled. 8.4 Permeability 8.4.1 Requirement When tiles are tested in accordance with AS 4046.5, the permeability of each of the three test specimens shall be such that, at the end of 2 h, no drop of water shall have formed on the underside of any of the specimens. NOTE: Care should be taken to ensure that any drops of water formed are not caused by condensation. 8.4.2 Retest A retest shall be permitted in the event that only one of the specimens tested fails to comply with the permeability requirement. In the event of such retest, the test shall be repeated on six further specimens selected at random from the same identifiable lot as that from which the original test specimens were taken. If any one of the six retest specimens fails to comply with the permeability requirement, the lot shall be deemed not to comply with the permeability requirements of this Standard. 8.5 Freeze/thaw 8.5.1 Requirement When tiles are tested in accordance with AS 4046.6, each tile shall endure a minimum of five complete freeze/thaw cycles without significant loss of particles (see AS 4046.6). 9 AS 20492002 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia 8.5.2 Retest A retest shall be permitted in the event that only one of the specimens fails to comply with the freeze/thaw requirement. In the event of such retest, the test shall be repeated on six further specimens, selected at random from the same identifiable lot as that from which the original test specimens were taken. If any one on the six retest specimens fails to comply with the freeze/thaw requirement, the lot shall be deemed not to comply with the freeze/thaw requirements of this Standard. 8.6 Resistance to salt attack The ability of roof tile units to resist salt attack shall be categorized (see Table 1) by testing in accordance with AS 4046.7. When a subsection of a tile is tested in accordance with AS 4046.7, it shall have a minimum dimension of 50 mm × 25 mm × the nominal thickness. Roof tiles manufactured in accordance with this Standard, categorized as exposure grade shall be deemed suitable for use in all exposure environments, including severe marine environments (see Note 1). Resistance to airborne salt is to be differentiated from the accumulation of salt from other sources, such as salt arising from evaporative air coolers, and heating devices, etc., which are fixed above roof tiles (see Note 2). NOTES: 1 Up to 100 m from a non-surf coast and up to 1 km from a surf coast are both regarded as severe marine environments. The distances specified are from the mean high watermark. 2 Consideration should be given to effects of salt in such circumstances. TABLE 1 SALT ATTACK RESISTANCE CATEGORIES Cateogry Requirement/description Exposure grade 0.4 g loss in 40 cycles in AS 4046.7 for roof tiles (non-metallic). General purpose Suppliers experience, according to which it is possible to demonstrate that the product has a history of surviving under environmental conditions similar to those existing at the site considered. Products that fit this category are not expected to meet the mass loss criterion for exposure grade when tested in accordance with AS 4046.7. 9 MARKING Each tile shall be clearly and permanently marked with the manufacturers name, trade name or brand. NOTE: Manufacturers making a statement of compliance with this Australian Standard on a product, packaging, or promotional material related to that product are advised to ensure that such compliance is capable of being verified. A1 AS 20492002 10 © Standards Australia www.standards.com.au APPENDIX A TERMS USEDGENERAL (Informative) FIGURE A1 GENERAL TERMS 11 AS 20492002 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia APPENDIX B GENERAL TILE TYPES (Informative) FIGURE B1 PLAIN TILES FIGURE B2 PROFILED TILES AS 20492002 12 © Standards Australia www.standards.com.au FIGURE B3 SIDE AND HEAD-LOCK TILES 13 AS 20492002 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia APPENDIX C TERMS USEDACCESSORIES (Informative) FIGURE C1 TERMS USED FOR ACCESSORIES AS 20492002 14 AMENDMENT CONTROL SHEET AS 20492002 Amendment No. 1 (2005) REVISED TEXT SUMMARY: This Amendment applies to Clauses 2 and 8.6. Published on 26 November 2005. 15 AS 20492002 NOTES AS 20492002 16 NOTES Standards Australia Standards Australia is an independent company, limited by guarantee, which prepares and publishes most of the voluntary technical and commercial standards used in Australia. These standards are developed through an open process of consultation and consensus, in which all interested parties are invited to participate. Through a Memorandum of Understanding with the Commonwealth government, Standards Australia is recognized as Australias peak national standards body. For further information on Standards Australia visit us at www.standards.org.au Australian Standards Australian Standards are prepared by committees of experts from industry, governments, consumers and other relevant sectors. The requirements or recommendations contained in published Standards are a consensus of the views of representative interests and also