ASA-S12.9-PART-5-2007.pdf

ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5 (Revision of ANSI S12.9-1998/Part 5) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Quantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound Part 5: Sound Level Descriptors for Determination of Compatible Land Use Accredited Standards Committee S12, Noise Standards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114 E Melville, NY 11747-3177 ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007/Part 5 Copyright Acoustical Society of America Provided by IHS under license with ASA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 01/01/2008 21:35:04 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clearinghouse in the U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. Copyright Acoustical Society of America Provided by IHS under license with ASA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 01/01/2008 21:35:04 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5 (Revision of ANSI S12.9-1998/Part 5) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Quantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound Part 5: Sound Level Descriptors for Determination of Compatible Land Use Secretariat: Acoustical Society of America Approved November 14, 2007: American National Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract This Standard provides guidance on the compatibility of various human uses of land with the acoustical environment. This Standard uses the annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure or the annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level to characterize the acoustical environment. The annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure and annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level are explained in Part 4 of ANSI S12.9. An informative annex provides guidance for designation of land uses compatible with existing or predicted annual averages of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure or annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level. Ranges of the annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure or annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level are outlined within which a specific region of compatibility may be drawn. These ranges take into consideration the transmission loss in sound level from outside to inside buildings as commonly constructed in that locality and living habits there. Copyright Acoustical Society of America Provided by IHS under license with ASA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 01/01/2008 21:35:04 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide representation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, organizations with a general interest, and government representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society of America as American National Standards after approval by their respective Standards Committees and the American National Standards Institute. These standards are developed and published as a public service to provide standards useful to the public, industry, and consumers, and to Federal, State, and local governments. Each of the Accredited Standards Committees operating in accordance with procedures approved by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is responsible for developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA Standards Secretariat administers Committee organization and activity and provides liaison between the Accredited Standards Committees and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary. Their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114E Melville, New York 11747-3177 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1 (631) 390-0217 E-mail: asastdsaip.org © 2007 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written permission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of the Acoustical Society of America. Copyright Acoustical Society of America Provided by IHS under license with ASA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 01/01/2008 21:35:04 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- © 2007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved i Contents 1 Scope .1 2 Normative references.1 3 Definitions.1 Annex A (informative) Land Use Compatibility with Annual Average of the Total Day-Night Adjusted Sound Exposure and Annual Average of the Adjusted Day-Night Average Sound Level3 A.1 Land uses3 A.2 Land use compatibility 3 A.3 Compatibility for common construction techniques4 A.4 Compatibility for special sound insulation.4 Figures Figure A.1 Land use compatibility with annual average of the total adjusted day-night sound exposure (DNSE) or annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level (DNL) at a site for buildings as commonly constructed. At specific receiver locations, it may be appropriate to use sound exposure and sound exposure level without inclusion of some of the adjustments from Part 4 of ANSI S12.9. The # symbol is placed in front of the description of such land uses. For example, none of the land uses marked with a # symbol would typically require a nighttime or weekend adjustment5 Copyright Acoustical Society of America Provided by IHS under license with ASA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 01/01/2008 21:35:04 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- © 2007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved ii Foreword This foreword is for information only and is not an integral part of ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5 American National Standard Quantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound Part 5: Sound Level Descriptors for Determination of Compatible Land Use. This American National Standard supplements the other five Parts of this series of Standards. Part 1 presents definitions of quantities for description and measurement of outdoor environmental sounds. Part 2 describes methods to measure long-term environmental sounds over wide areas. Part 3 presents methods to measure short-term environmental sound when an observer is present to operate the instruments. Part 4 presents methods to assess noise and predict the long-term community response to noise. Part 6 presents methods to estimate awakenings associated with aircraft noise events heard in homes. This Part 5 of ANSI S12.9 supersedes and replaces ANSI S12.9-1998/Part 5, which in turn replaced ANSI S12.40-1990 and its predecessor, ANSI S3.23-1980. The revisions contained in this 2007 edition of ANSI/ASA S12.9 / Part 5 are minor. The most major revision is that the outdoor noise environment recommended by ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5 for schools agrees with the recommendations in ANSI S12.60. Other changes to Figure A.1 are that the marginally compatible zone for single-family homes is reduced by 5 dB to be the same size range as other housing. Largely because of sleep disruption concerns, the un-soundproofed marginally compatible range for health care facilities is reduced to DNL 55 from 60 dB, and the un-soundproofed marginally compatible range for hotels is reduced to DNL 60 from 65 dB. The upper limit for health care facilities and hotels that include soundproofing remains unchanged at a DNL of 75 dB. There are numerous editorial changes including the change of the word “noise” to “sound” or “acoustical” and reference to ANSI S12.9 / Part 6. This Standard contains one informative annex. This Standard was developed under the jurisdiction of Accredited Standards Committee S12, Noise, which has the following scope: Standards, specifications, and terminology in the field of acoustical noise pertaining to methods of measurement, evaluation, and control, including biological safety, tolerance, and comfort, and physical acoustics as related to environmental and occupational noise. At the time this Standard was submitted to Accredited Standards Committee S12, Noise, for approval, the membership was as follows: R.D. Hellweg, Chair W.J. Murphy, Vice-Chair S.B. Blaeser, Secretary Acoustical Society of AmericaB.M. Brooks D. Lubman (Alt.) Aearo Company.E.H. Berger Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration InstituteS. Lind .D. Brown (Alt.) Alcoa Inc. .W.D. Gallagher American Academy of Otolaryngology.R.A. Dobie L.A. Michael (Alt.) Copyright Acoustical Society of America Provided by IHS under license with ASA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 01/01/2008 21:35:04 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- © 2007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved iii American Industrial Hygiene Association.D. Driscoll S.N. Hacker (Alt.) American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).R.J. Peppin American Speech-Hearing-Language AssociationL.A. Wilber .V. Gladstone (Alt.) Bruel FAX: 631-390-0217; E-mail: asastdsaip.org Copyright Acoustical Society of America Provided by IHS under license with ASA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 01/01/2008 21:35:04 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- © 2007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved vi Introduction 0.1 The compatibility of various land uses with the outdoor noise environment at a receiver site depends on acoustical and non-acoustical factors. (i) Acoustical factors: the sound level at the receivers outdoor location and its variation with time; the sound isolation provided by the buildings where people experience the effects of outdoor noise; and the noise environment generated indoors by indoor sources, including sounds produced by people themselves. (ii) Non-acoustical factors: the type of human activity associated with a specific land use; the differing responses of individuals to the same noise environment; attitudes toward the noise sources and the persons responsible for creating the noise; familiarity with an intruding noise through previous experiences; the disturbance of an activity or the annoyance caused by the noise; specific requirements of individual communities; the cost of achieving lower average sound levels; and the technical feasibility of reducing the sound levels. 0.2 Many rating methods and measurement procedures have been proposed for assessing the compatibility between the noise environment and human activity. To assess the environmental acceptability of a site for various land uses it is desirable, when possible, to use a single measure that applies to sounds from all sources, individually and in combination, contributing to the overall sound at a site. 0.3 This Standard specifies the annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure and corresponding annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level as the acoustical measures to be used in assessing compatibility between various land uses and an outdoor noise environment. Total day-night adjusted sound exposure and adjusted day-night average sound level are similar to non- adjusted total day-night sound exposure and day-night average sound level. The difference is that the sound exposures for sounds with special characteristics such as impulsiveness, dominant pure tones, rapid onset, and sounds with strong low-frequency content are adjusted by a factor before they are added into the total. NOTE 1 The annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure is the average of the daily total day- night sound exposure over the number of days specifically included in the computation. As such, it can be thought of as the total (day-night) sound (exposure) on the average day. NOTE 2 For some noise environments, the total day-night sound exposure or the day-night average sound level without some of the adjustments may be more appropriate for assessments of compatible land use. Annex A designates land uses such as sports arenas where the total day-night sound exposure or the day-night average sound level without the adjustments may be more appropriate for assessments of compatible land use. 0.4 Part 4 of ANSI S12.9 describes the calculation of total day-night adjusted sound exposure and adjusted day-night average sound level. Part 1 of ANSI S12.9 defines day-night average sound level and other descriptors of community noise. Part 2 of ANSI S12.9 describes long-term measurement procedures. Part 3 of ANSI S12.9 describes short-term measurement procedures with an observer present. Part 6 of ANSI S12.9 provides methods for the estimation of awak