AS-3745-2002.pdf

AS 37452002 (Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2) Australian Standard Emergency control organization and procedures for buildings, structures and workplaces AS 37452002 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee FP-017, Emergency Evacuation Procedures. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 7 December 2001. This Standard was published on 26 February 2002. The following are represented on Committee FP-017: Australasian Fire Authorities Council Australia Post Australian Bomb Data Centre Australian Retailers Association Communication Interests (Australia) Department of Defence (Australia) Department of Human Services (Victoria) Fire Protection Association Australia Fire Trainers Association of Australia Institution of Fire Engineers National Fire Industry Association Property Council of Australia Safety Institute of Australia (Incorporated) Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. 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Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 AS 37452002 (Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2) Australian Standard Emergency control organization and procedures for buildings, structures and workplaces Originated as AS 37451990. Previous edition 1995. Third edition 2002. Reissued Incorporating Amendment No. 1 (May 2004). Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 2 (November 2005). COPYRIGHT © Standards Australia All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Published by Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia ISBN 0 7337 4254 8 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 AS 37452002 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee FP-017, Emergency Evacuation Procedures, to supersede AS 37451995, Emergency control organization and procedures for buildings. This Standard incorporates Amendments No. 1 (May 2004) and 2 (November 2005). The changes required by the Amendments are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected. The objective of this Standard is to provide procedures for the safety of people in buildings, structures and workplaces during emergencies. This Standard has been written in general terms to make it applicable to all types of occupiable buildings, structures and workplaces. Where AS 40831997, Planning for emergenciesHealth care facilities, is used in conjunction with this Standard, it should be noted that the nomenclature of the grades of ECO personnel is different. This has arisen due to the requirement for specific titles in the health care area while the titles throughout this Standard (AS 3745) indicate levels of authority to suit differing circumstances imposed by the building tenants internal organizations. The document outlines the structure for an ECO that can be adapted to special individual needs. The lines of authority and responsibility are also more clearly stated. In addition, the authority of ECO officers when they are acting in their role in an emergency is addressed. The revisions have been incorporated to clarify points of contention and to include additional facets that were considered to be necessary. The term informative has been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which it applies. An informative appendix is only for information and guidance. The Appendix D typical phone threat and bomb threat check list is reproduced with the permission of the Australian Bomb Data Centre. A1 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 3 AS 37452002 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD4 SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE 5 1.2 EXCLUSION.5 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 5 1.4 DEFINITIONS 5 SECTION 2 ESTABLISHING THE COMMITTEE AND THE PLAN 2.1 EMERGENCY PLANNING COMMITTEE (EPC).8 2.2 DEVELOPING EMERGENCY PROCEDURES.9 2.3 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURES 12 2.4 EMERGENCY CONTROL ORGANIZATION (ECO) . 12 2.5 IMPLEMENTING THE EMERGENCY PROCEDURES. 15 2.6 MAINTAINING PROCEDURES 16 SECTION 3 EDUCATION AND TRAINING 3.1 GENERAL 17 3.2 EDUCATION AND TRAINING. 17 3.3 BRIEFING AND DEBRIEFING. 18 3.4 SKILLS MAINTENANCE 18 3.5 EVACUATION EXERCISES . 19 SECTION 4 FIRE PROCEDURE GUIDELINES 21 SECTION 5 BOMB THREAT PROCEDURE GUIDELINES 5.1 INTRODUCTION. 22 5.2 EVALUATION . 22 5.3 NOTIFICATION. 23 5.4 SEARCH. 23 5.5 EVACUATION OPTIONS 24 5.6 SUSPECT MAIL BOMB/ARTICLES. 25 SECTION 6 CIVIL DISORDER AND ILLEGAL OCCUPANCY PROCEDURE GUIDELINES 6.1 GENERAL 26 6.2 RESPONSE. 26 APPENDICES A TYPICAL FLOOR EVACUATION AND LOCATION DIAGRAMS 27 B TYPICAL TRAINING 28 C TYPICAL EMERGENCY EVACUATION EXERCISE OBSERVERS CHECK LIST 32 D TYPICAL PHONE THREAT CHECK LIST. 33 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 AS 37452002 4 FOREWORD An emergency can develop from a number of causes. Emergency procedures in accordance with this Standard, are essential for the effective and efficient management of any emergency. The recommendations have been kept general so that they can be adapted to suit most workplace situations. Regardless of size and complexity continued effort is needed to ensure that arrangements are effective in an emergency. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 5 AS 37452002 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia 5 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard Emergency control organization and procedures for buildings, structures and workplaces S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard sets out the requirements for the development of procedures for the controlled evacuation of building, structures and workplaces during emergencies. The Standard also establishes guidelines for (a) the appointment of the emergency planning committee (EPC); (b) the setting up of an emergency control organization (ECO); (c) the preparation of emergency plans and procedures; (d) the role and authority of ECO personnel while executing their duties; and (e) the requirements of an education and training program. The standard covers emergency situations until the appropriate emergency service arrives to take control, at which time, the ECO will work in conjunction with that service. 1.2 EXCLUSION This Standard does not apply to single dwellings. 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1428 Design for access and mobility 1428.1 Part 1: General requirements for access New building work 2220 Emergency warning and intercommunication systems in buildings 2220.1 Part 1: Equipment design and manufacture 2220.2 Part 2 System design, installation and commissioning 4083 Planning for emergenciesHealth care facilities 1.4 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions in the Building Code of Australia (BCA), Occupational Health and Safety legislation (OH and (ii) from which people are able to disperse after escaping the effect of an emergency to a road or open space. (b) A roadside or open space. 1.4.9 Shall Indicates that a statement is mandatory. 1.4.10 Single dwelling (a) A detached house. (b) One or more attached dwellings, each being a building, separated by a fire-resisting wall, including a row house, terrace house, townhouse or villa unit. 1.4.11 Should Indicates a recommendation. 1.4.12 Training exercise An activity simulating an emergency event through activation of alarms and deployment of personnel, in order to (a) review/test the planning process and procedures; (b) identify needs and planning inadequacies; (c) demonstrate capabilities and communication; and (d) foster working together as a team. 1.4.13 Workplace See relevant Commonwealth, State and Territory Occupational Health and Safety statutes. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 7 AS 37452002 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia 7 1.4.14 Bomb Can be of any size or shape, can look obvious or be camouflaged, may vary in its sophistication, may explode or may not necessarily explode (i.e., incendiary, chemical, radiological, sharps, animals/reptiles). 1.4.15 Bomb threat A threat, written or verbal, delivered by electronic, oral or other medium, threatening to place or use an explosive, chemical, biological, or radiological device at a time or date or place or against any specific person or organization. 1.4.16 Courier-delivered bomb An explosive device delivered by a courier. 1.4.17 Improvised explosive device A device fabricated in an ad hoc manner which contains explosive (IED) components designed to, or capable of, causing unlawful injury or damage. 1.4.18 Mail bomb An explosive device sent through the postal system. 1.4.19 Placed bomb An explosive device hand-delivered or purposefully placed. 1.4.20 Vehicle bomb A bomb in which a vehicle is used as the means of delivery. It may be designed to use the vehicle as fragmentation. A1 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 AS 37452002 8 © Standards Australia www.standards.com.au 8 S E C T I O N 2 E S T A B L I S H I N G T H E C O M M I T T E E A N D T H E P L A N 2.1 EMERGENCY PLANNING COMMITTEE (EPC) 2.1.1 Formation The EPC shall be formed from representatives of occupant groups and shall include the chief and deputy chief wardens and others who may have specialist knowledge, for example, the house engineer. Building owners, agents, occupiers, lessors or their representatives, should ensure that leases not only cover the safety of occupants in an emergency, but include obligations for occupants to participate in emergency planning and evacuation exercises and acknowledge the authority of designated wardens in emergency situations. Building owners, agents, occupiers, lessors, or their representatives should also arrange for the inaugural meeting of an EPC for the building and generally oversee the implementation of matters addressed in this Standard. The foregoing obligations apply equally to owner occupiers. 2.1.2 Authority The EPC shall ensure that, during emergencies, instructions given by ECO personnel shall overrule normal management structure. Once an emergency is declared, the powers of wardens and deputy wardens shall override all normal non-emergency management procedures. Floor or area wardens and their deputies shall have the authority to marshal all staff and any visitor/s to their floor/area. The purpose of these powers is to ensure that during an emergency situation, life safety takes precedent over asset protection and production matters. The procedures require consideration to be given to ensure the protection of wardens, the person or persons refusing to comply, and other personnel in the area when a refusal situation arises. 2.1.3 Indemnity Both the EPC and ECO personnel shall be indemnified by their employer against civil liability resulting from workplace emergency response assessment, education, training sessions, periodic exercises or emergency evacuation of a building where the personnel act in good faith and in the course of their emergency control duties. 2.1.4 Duties The EPC shall meet regularly, at least annually, to (a) establish and implement emergency plans and emergency procedures; (b) determine the number of ECO personnel consistent with the nature and risk of the buildings, structures and workplaces. (c) ensure that the personnel are appointed to all positions on the ECO but particularly, the chief warden group; (d) arrange for the training of ECO personnel; (e) arrange for conduct of evacuation exercises; (f) review the effectiveness of evacuation exercises and arrange for procedure improvements; and Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 20 Sep 2008 9 AS 37452002 www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia 9 (g) determine who will implement emergency procedures. NOTE: Considerations may include first attack firefighting, first aid, environmental safety actions and shut-down procedures. 2.2 DEVELOPING EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 2.2.1 General Emergency procedures shall take into consideration such factors as the use and characteristics of the buildings, structures and workplaces, appropriateness and adequacy of physical facilities, organizational buildings, structures and workplaces, human resources and communication systems for all envisaged emergencies. The procedures may be developed in conjunction with appropriate specialist advice. While the procedures are being devised, some or all of them need to take into account the fact that in a fire, smoke and heat will probably present the greatest hazard, visibility may be restricted, passageways may be inaccessible or too dangerous to use, stairwells may be smoke logged and smoke may spread rapidly through the building, including floors remote from the fire. Procedures shall take into account the existence of emergency communication facilities or the lack thereof, the needs of persons with disabilities and persons not familiar with the emergency procedures. The evacuation procedures may need to be varied for differing circumstances, particularly in the case of bomb threat. The procedures for evacuation should include an assessment of the risk of moving people through areas accessible to the public in which an object is most likely to be deposited. Such areas should be searched before evacuation takes place and appropriate measures should be incorporated into the procedures. The procedures should cover the periods for which the structure contains occupants, including cleaning and watching staff, and be kept as simp