BS-EN-12126-2005.pdf
BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12126:2005 Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Liquefied ammonia The European Standard EN 12126:2005 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.80 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 12126:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 April 2006 © BSI 2006 ISBN 0 580 47481 X National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. The United Kingdom, as a member of CEN, is obliged to publish EN 12126 as a British Standard. However, attention is drawn to the fact that the United Kingdom voted against the approval of EN 12126. The main reason for this disapproval was that the ammonia content is calculated by subtracting the contents of the main impurities from 100%, instead of being determined accurately by an independent method, and no instructions are given for converting the volume fractions of the permanent gases and methane to the mass fractions required for such a calculation. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EN 12126:2005. It supersedes BS EN 12126:1999 which is withdrawn. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 12126 June 2005 ICS 71.100.80Supersedes EN 12126:1998 English Version Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Liquefied ammonia Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Ammoniac liquéfié Produkte zur Aufbereintung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Ammoniak, flüssig This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 May 2005. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels © 2005 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12126:2005: E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12126:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1Scope 5 2Normative references5 3Description.5 4Purity criteria7 Table 1 - Impurities.7 5Test methods8 Figure 1 - Typical chromatogram for liquefied ammonia .11 6Labelling Transportation Storage12 Annex A (informative) General information on liquefied ammonia.15 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety.16 Bibliography17 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12126:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This European Standard (EN 12126:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2005. This document supersedes EN 12126:1998. Significant technical differences between this edition and EN 12126:1998 are as follows: deletion of the reference to EU Directive 80/778/EEC of 15 July 1980 in order to take account of the latest Directives in force (see 1) According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12126:2005 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12126:2005 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to liquefied ammonia used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics and specifies the requirements of liquefied ammonia and refers to the corresponding analytical methods. It gives information for its use in water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to the safe handling and use of liquefied ammonia (see Annex B). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 7103, Liquefied anhydrous ammonia for industrial use - Sampling - Taking a laboratory sample. ISO 7105, Liquefied anhydrous ammonia for industrial use - Determination of water content - Karl Fischer Method. ISO 7106, Liquefied anhydrous ammonia for industrial use- Determination of oil content - Gravimetric and infra-red spectrometric methods 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Ammonia liquefied, anhydrous. 3.1.2 Synonym or common name Ammonia. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 17,03. 3.1.4 Empirical formula NH3. 3.1.5 Chemical formula NH3. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12126:2005 (E) 6 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number1) 7664-41-7. 3.1.7 EINECS reference2) 231-635-3. 3.2 Commercial form The product is available as liquefied gas. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance and odour The product is colourless liquid with a characteristic pungent odour. 3.3.2 Density The density of the gas is 0,771 g/l at 101,3 kPa3) and 0 °C. The density of the liquid is 0,682 g/ml at 101,3 kPa and - 34 °C, and 0,61 g/ml at 850 kPa and 20 °C. 3.3.3 Solubility (in water) The solubility of the product in water is 900 g/l at 0 °C, 520 g/l at 20 °C, and 407 g/l at 30 °C. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure The vapour pressure of the product is 400 kPa at 0 °C, 850 kPa at 20 °C and 2 035 kPa at 50 °C. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3) The boiling point of the product is -33,4 °C at 101,3 kPa. 3.3.6 Melting point The melting point of the product is -77,7 °C at 101,3 kPa. 3.3.7 Specific heat The specific heat of the product is 4,61 kJ/(kg K) at 0 °C and 4,86 kJ/(kg K) at 40 °C. 3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic The viscosity of the product is 0,254 mPa.s at 33 °C and 101,3 kPa. 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12126:2005 (E) 7 3.3.9 Critical temperature 132,4 °C. 3.3.10 Critical pressure 11 450 kPa. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties Ammonia reacts violently with halogens, acids, acid halides, acid anhydrides and oxidizing agents. It reacts with zinc, copper, tin and their alloys. Mixtures of volume fraction of 15 % to 30 % of ammonia with air are explosive. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for liquefied ammonia used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. NOTE Users of this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in this product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials leads to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product Liquefied ammonia shall not contain less than a mass fraction of 99,8 % of NH3. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. Table 1 - Impurities Impurity Limit Water max. Mass fraction 0,1 % Permanent gases and methane max. Volume fraction 0,1 % Oil max. 5 mg/kg Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12126:2005 (E) 8 4.4 Chemical parameters The chemicals parameters defined in the EU Water Directive (see 1) are not found in liquefied ammonia. Cyanides, pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not by-products of the manufacturing process. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling Follow the sampling method according to ISO 7103. 5.2 Analyses 5.2.1 Main product The ammonia concentration is calculated by subtracting the contents of the main impurities from mass fraction 100 %. 5.2.2 Impurities 5.2.2.1 Water The water content shall be determined in accordance with ISO 7105. 5.2.2.2 Oil content The oil content shall be determined in accordance with ISO 7106. 5.2.3 Permanent gases and methane 5.2.3.1 Principle The method is a gas chromatographic determination of inert gases and methane in liquid ammonia, determined as a volume fraction. The content of trace contaminants is determined by gas chromatography according to an external standard method. Metering from the gas pipette is carried out by means of pressure-controlled feed via a fixed-volume sampling valve. Liquefied ammonia is evaporated prior to the gas chromatographic test in a special steel gas pipette. 5.2.3.2 Reagents and materials 5.2.3.2.1 Reagents All reagents shall be of a recognized analytical grade and the water used shall conform to the grade 3 specified in EN ISO 3696. 5.2.3.2.2 Carrier gas Helium, minimum purity volume fraction 99,9 %. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:49:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12126:2005 (E) 9 5.2.3.2.3 Calibration gas mixture of the following composition: -hydrogen volume fraction 91 %; - nitrogen volume fraction 5 %; - methane volume fraction 3 %; - sum of oxygen and argon volume fraction 1 %. 5.2.3.2.4 Material for preparation of the column Molecular sieve 13 X of particle size 250 m to 360 m, or any other equivalent suitable material. 5.2.3.3 Apparatus 5.2.3.3.1 Gas chromatographic apparatus Any suitable gas chromatograph, fitted with a thermal conductivity detector, can be used. 5.2.3.3.1.1 Characteristics of the gas chromatographic apparatus - Column temperature: typically 40 °C isothermal conditions. - Detector temperature: typically 130 °C. - Filament temperature: typically 200 °C. 5.2.3.3.1.2 Carrier gas flow rate The carrier gas flow rate shall be approximately 25 ml/min. It is usually measured at column outlet and at ambient temperature. 5.2.3.3.2 Injection equipment Stainless steel gas sample valve with a loop of 2 ml capacity, operating under the following conditions: - temperature: ambient to 50 °C; - pressure: atmospheric. 5.2.3.3.3 Column 5.2.3.3.3.1 Construction The column can be made of any suitable material that does not react with the test portion, for example stainless steel. Typical dimensions are as follows: a) length: according to the test method used but typically 4 m; b) diameter: internal diameter approximately 3,2 mm ; external diameter approximatel
