BS-EN-480-10-1997.pdf

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 480-10 : 1997 The European Standard EN 480-10 : 1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.100.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Ð Test methods Part 10. Determination of water soluble chloride content BS EN 480-10 : 1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1997 BSI 1997 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/517/3 Draft for comment 91/13170 DC ISBN 0 580 27435 7 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/3, Admixtures upon which the following bodies were represented: Brick Development Association British Aggregate Construction Materials Industries British Cement Association British Ceramic Research Ltd. British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. British Ready Mixed Concrete Association Building Employers' Confederation Cement Admixtures Association Concrete Society Department of the Environment Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Institute of Concrete Technology Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Mortar Producers' Association Limited Society of Chemical Industry BS EN 480-10 : 1997 BSI 1997i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 Text of EN 480-23 ii BSI 1997 BS EN 480-10 : 1997 National foreword This Part of BS EN 480 has been prepared by Subcommittee B/517/3 and is the English language version of EN 480-10 : 1997 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Ð Part 10: Determination of water soluble chloride content, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). This standard is part of a package of standards comprising BS EN 480 Parts 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 10, 11 and 12, BS EN 934 Parts 2 and 6. When all the standards in this package have been published BS 5075 Parts 1, 2 and 3 will be amended by deleting clauses which conflict with standards in the package. This test procedure is used to determine the total water soluble halogen ion (except fluoride) content of admixtures. The halogen ions measured are expressed as chloride ion which is a valid assumption as bromide and iodide ions are most unlikely to occur in admixtures. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite  Europe Âen de Normalisation Europa Èisches Komitee fu Èr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN members. Ref. No. EN 480-10 : 1996 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 480-10 NORME EUROPE ÂENNE EUROPA ÈISCHE NORM September 1996 ICS 91.100.10; 91.100.30 Descriptors: Construction materials, concrete, mortars, material, grouting, concrete admixtures, chemical analysis, determination of content, chlorides English version Admixtures for concrete, mortar and groutÐ Test methodsÐ Part10: Determination of water soluble chloride content Adjuvants pour be Âton, mortier et coulis Ð Me Âthodes d'essai Ð Partie 10: De Âtermination de la teneur en chlorure soluble dans l'eau Zusatzmittel fu Èr Beton, Mo Èrtel und Einpreûmo Èrtel Ð Pru Èfverfahren Ð Teil 10: Bestimmung des wasserlo Èslichen Chloridgehaltes This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-08-04. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Page 2 EN 480-10 : 1996 BSI 1997 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104, Concrete (performance, production, placing and compliance criteria), the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1997. This standard is applicable together with the other standards of the EN 480 series for testing admixtures according to the EN 934 series. The EN 480 series consists of the following Parts: Part 1:Reference concrete and reference motar for testing Part 2:Determination of setting time Part 4:Determination of bleeding of concrete Part 5:Determination of capillary absorption Part 6:Infrared analysis Part 8:Determination of the conventional dry material content Part 10:Determination of water soluble chloride content Part 11:Determination of air void characteristics in hardened concrete Part 12:Determination of the alkali content of admixtures According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page 1Scope3 2Principle3 3Apparatus3 4Procedure3 5Results4 6Test report4 Page 3 EN 480-10 : 1996 BSI 1997 1) Certain admixtures may foam whilst boiling. This may be reduced by the addition of ethanol. 1 Scope This European Standard describes methods for determining water soluble halogens (exept fluorides) in admixtures. The total water soluble halogen content is expressed as the chloride content. 2 Principle The object of the test is to determine the content of chloride ions (including other halogen ions except fluorides) in an admixture by precipitation of the chloride ions with a silver nitrate solution, according to the reaction: Cl2+ Ag+ AgCl (solid) The end point of this reaction is determined with the aid of a pH meter. The volume of the sample required for this test has been calculated for an admixture of which the chloride content is lower than 0,1 % by mass. If the chloride content is known, or can be assumed to be higher, the admixture has to be diluted in a precise ratio before carrying out the test. 3 Apparatus 3.1 pH meter, either: a) a pH millivoltmeter in which case the graph is plotted point by point; or b) a recording pH millivoltmeter connected to an automatic burette. 3.2 Electrodes, either: a) a combination of two electrodes consisting of: an indicator: silver; a reference: mercurous sulfate (electrolyte KNO3) or calomel with agar gel (electrolyte KNO3); or b) a combined electrode (indicator and reference) Ag 2 AgCl (electrolyte KNO3). NOTE. Other electrodes such as ion selective electrodes may be used provided the results will be unaffected. 3.3 Additional apparatus a) Balance, with an accuracy of 0,1 mg reading up to 200 g. b) Burette, 20 ml graduated with an accuracy of 0,05 ml. c) Beakers, 250 ml and 500 ml. d) Measuring flask, 1000 ml. e) Heating device, with a magnetic stirrer. f) Graduated flasks, 10 ml, 20 ml and 50 ml. 3.4 Reagents All reagents shall be of analytical grade. ± Dilute nitric acid; mix equal volumes of concentrated nitric acid (d = 1,38) and distilled water. ± Hydrogen peroxide, at 110 volumes. ± 33 % sodium hydroxide solution. ± Ethanol. ± Pre-prepared 0,01 mol/l silver nitrate solution, normality n determined to 0,0001. 4 Procedure 4.1 Preparation of sample 4.1.1 Liquid admixture From a liquid admixture a sample of (10±1) g is weighed to 0,01 g and placed into a 250 ml or a 500 ml beaker. 4.1.2 Powder admixture From a powder admixture a sample of (5±1) g is weighed to 0,01 g. The sample is placed into a 250 ml or a 500 ml beaker. 4.2 Determination 4.2.1 General Depending upon the composition of the admixture one of the following methods shall be used. 4.2.2 Method 1 If the admixture does not contain constituents that will interfere with the test, such as lignosulfonates, thiocyanates or reducing agents, dilute the sample or dissolve it and make the solution up to 100 ml with distilled water. Then add 5 ml of dilute nitric acid and carry out the titration of the chloride ions with the silver nitrate solution, recording the volume (V) used to 0,05 ml. Carry out a blank titration under the same conditions and record the volume (Vo) to 0,05 ml. 4.2.3 Method 2 If the admixture does contain, or can be assumed to contain, lignosulfonates or reducing agents, the sample shall be diluted or dissolved and made up to 100 ml with distilled water. Then add 5 ml of sodium hydroxide solution and 10 ml of hydrogen peroxide. In order to avoid loss of chloride ions make sure that the pH value remains above 8,5 by adding, if necessary, more sodium hydroxide solution. Bring the solution very slowly to the boiling point by means of a heating device with a magnetic stirrer (e) and boil for 30 min1). Page 4 EN 480-10 : 1996 BSI 1997 Leave this solution to cool to (20±2) ÊC. Then add 10 ml of the dilute nitric acid. Check whether the pH value is below 5,0. If not add more of the dilute nitric acid. Carry out the titration of the chloride ions using the silver nitrate solution, recording the volume (V) used to 0,05 ml. Carry out a blank titration under the same conditions and record the volume (Vo) to 0,05 ml. 4.2.4 Method 3 NOTE. This test should be carried out under an extractor to minimize the risk of escape of hydrogen cyanide. If the admixture does contain or can be assumed to contain thiocyanate, place the sample in a 500 ml beaker in order to avoid losses by overflow. Carefully add 10 ml of hydrogen peroxide. This will cause an extremely exothermic reaction. After this reaction has subsided add again 10 ml of hydrogen peroxide. This shall be repeated three times. Heat the solution slowly to the boiling point and keep it boiling for 2 h. Leave the solution to cool slowly to (20±2) ÊC. Then transfer the solution into a 250 ml beaker with distilled water and proceed according to 4.2.3 commencing with the adding of 10 ml diluted nitric acid. 5 Results The results shall be expressed in % by mass. Choride content =% by mass 3.55(V 2 Vo)n m where Vis the volume of silver nitrate solution used in the test in millilitres; Vois the volume of silver nitrate solution used in the blank titration in millilitres; nis the normality of silver nitrate solution in mol per litre; mis the mass of the sample in grams. 6 Test report For a liquid admixture, if the chloride ion content is less than 0,005 % state chloride ion content less than 0,005 %'. For a powder admixture, if the chloride ion content is less than 0,01 %, state chloride ion content less than 0,01 %'. In other cases the chloride ion content shall be reported to the nearest 0,01 %. The method used for testing shall be indicated in the report, i.e. tested according to method 1, 2 or 3'. If method 2 or 3 has been applied, the volume of hydrogen peroxide, the boiling time as well as any other comments deemed necessary, shall also be stated. NOTE. All three methods give the total halogen ion content (except fluoride) as chloride. In the case of method 2, any thiocyanate will also be included as chloride. blank BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI Ð British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. 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