BS-ISO-8528-2-2005.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets Part 2: Engines ICS 27.020; 29.160.40 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 8528-2:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 10 February 2006 © BSI 10 February 2006 ISBN 0 580 47713 4 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 8528-2:2005 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS 7698-2:1993 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MCE/14, RIC engines, to Subcommittee MCE/14/-/8, RIC engines Generating sets, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 8528-2:2005(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8528-2 Second edition 2005-06-01 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets Part 2: Engines Groupes électrogènes à courant alternatif entraînés par moteurs alternatifs à combustion interne Partie 2: Moteurs BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Forewordiv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Symbols, terms and definitions.2 4 Other regulations and additional requirements.7 5 General characteristics 8 5.1 Power characteristics.8 5.2 Main characteristics of the RIC engine.8 5.3 Low-load operation.9 6 Speed characteristics.9 6.1 General.9 6.2 Types of speed governor used for generating sets 9 6.3 Use of speed governor.10 7 RIC engine load acceptance 10 7.1 General.10 7.2 Non-turbocharged RIC engines.10 7.3 Turbocharged RIC engines10 8 Vibration and noise.11 8.1 Torsional vibration11 8.2 Linear vibration .11 8.3 Noise.11 9 Heat balance11 10 Inlet and exhaust system .11 11 Starting ability .11 12 Fuel, lubricants and coolants 12 13 Governing system values.12 BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 8528-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 70, Internal combustion engines. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8528-2:1993), which has been technically revised. ISO 8528 consists of the following parts, under the general title Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets: Part 1: Application, ratings and performance Part 2: Engines Part 3: Alternating current generators for generating sets Part 4: Controlgear and switchgear Part 5: Generating sets Part 6: Test methods Part 7: Technical declarations for specification and design Part 8: Requirements and tests for low-power generating sets Part 9: Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibrations Part 10: Measurement of airborne noise by the enveloping surface method Part 11: Rotary uninterruptible power systems Performance requirements and test methods1) Part 12: Emergency power supplies to safety services 1) Part 11 will be published as ISO/IEC 88528-11. BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets Part 2: Engines 1 Scope This part of ISO 8528 specifies the principal characteristics of a Reciprocating Internal Combustion (RIC) engine when used for alternating current (a.c.) generating set applications. It applies to RIC engines for a.c. generating sets for land and marine use, excluding generating sets used on aircraft or to propel land vehicles and locomotives. For some specific applications (e.g. essential hospital supplies, high rise buildings), supplementary requirements may be necessary. The provisions of this part of ISO 8528 should be regarded as the basis for establishing any supplementary requirements. The terms which define the speed governing and speed characteristics of RIC engines are listed and explained where they apply specifically to the use of the engine for driving a.c. generators. For other reciprocating-type prime movers (e.g. steam engines), the provisions of this part of ISO 8528 should be used as a basis for establishing these requirements. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3046-1, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Performance Part 1: Declarations of power, fuel and lubricating oil consumptions, and test methods Additional requirements for engines for general use ISO 3046-4, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Performance Part 4: Speed governing ISO 3046-5, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Performance Part 5: Torsional vibrations ISO 8528-12), Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets Part 1: Application, ratings and performance ISO 8528-52), Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets Part 5: Generating sets 2) ISO 8528-1 and ISO 8528-5 are under revision. BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 3 Symbols, terms and definitions An explanation of the symbols and abbreviations used in this International Standard is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Symbols, terms and definitions Symbol Term Unit Definition n Engine speed min1 nr Declared speed min1 Engine speed at declared power corresponding to the rated frequency of the generating set. nsf Firing speed min1 Engine speed to which an engine must be accelerated from rest by the use of an external supply of energy separate from the fuel feed system before the engine becomes self-sustaining. nmax Maximum permissible speed min1 Speed of the engine specified by the RIC engine manufacturer which lies a safe amount below the speed limit (see Note 1 and Figure 3). na Partial-load speed min1 Steady-state engine speed of an engine running at a % of the declared power given by: a r 100 P a P =× EXAMPLE: at 45 % power, a = 45 (see Figure 2) For a = 45 a ai,ri,rr r i,ri,rr () 0,45 () P nnnn P nnn = = Corresponding values of declared speed and partial-load speed are based on an unchanged speed setting. ni,r Declared no-load speed min1 Steady-state engine speed without load at the same speed setting as for the declared speed nr. ni,min Lowest adjustable no-load speed min1 Lowest steady-state engine speed without load obtainable on the governor speed setting device. ni,max Highest adjustable no-load speed min1 Highest steady-state engine speed without load obtainable on the governor speed setting device. nd,s Setting speed of overspeed limiting device min1 Speed of the engine, the exceeding of which activates the overspeed limiting device (see Figure 3). nd,o Operating speed of overspeed limiting device min1 Speed of the engine at which, for a given setting speed, the limiting device starts to operate (see Note 2 and Figure 3). BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 Table 1 (continued) Symbol Term Unit Definition ns Speed setting related range % Range of speed setting, expressed as a percentage of the declared speed given by: i,maxi,min s r 100 nn n n =× ns Speed setting range min1 Range between the highest and lowest adjustable no-load speeds given by: si,maxi,min nnn= ns,do Speed setting downward range min1 Range between the declared no-load speed and the lowest adjustable no-load speed given by: s,doi,ri,min nnn= ns,do Speed setting related downward range % Downward range of speed setting, expressed as a percentage of the declared speed given by: i,ri,min s,do r 100 nn n n =× ns,up Speed setting upward range min1 Range between the highest adjustable no- load speed and the declared no-load speed given by: s,upi,maxi,r nnn= ns,up Speed setting related upward range % Upward range of speed setting, expressed as a percentage of the declared speed given by: i,maxi,r s,up r 100 nn n n =× n Speed setting rate of change %·s1 Rate of change of speed setting under remote control, expressed as a percentage of the related range of speed setting per second given by: i,maxi,minr n ()/ 100 nnn t =× Adjustment range min1 Speed range over which the overspeed limiting device may be adjusted. nst Speed droop % Difference between the declared no-load speed and the declared speed at declared power, for a fixed speed setting (see Figure 1). It is expressed as a percentage of the declared speed given by: i,rr st r 100 nn n n =× nst Speed/power characteristic deviation % Maximum deviation from a linear speed power characteristic curve in the power range between no-load and declared power, expressed as a percentage of the declared speed (see Figure 2). Speed/power characteristic curve Curve of steady-state speeds in the power range between no-load and declared power plotted against RIC engine power (see Figures 1 and 2). BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 Table 1 (continued) Symbol Term Unit Definition P Engine power kW Pa Actual engine power kW Pr Declared engine power kW tr Response time s Time between activation of the overspeed limiting device and commencement of its operation. pme Brake mean effective pressure kPa Vst Engine swept volume l NOTE 1 The speed limit is the maximum calculated speed which the engine may sustain without risk of damage. NOTE 2 For a given engine, the operating speed depends on the total inertia of the generating set and the design of the overspeed protection system. NOTE 3 100 kPa = 1 bar. BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 Key P engine power n engine speed 1 speed/power characteristic curve 2 power limit a Upward speed setting. b Downward speed setting range. c Range of speed setting. Figure 1 Speed/power characteristic, range of speed setting BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 Key P engine power n engine speed 1 linear Speed/Power characteristic curve 2 speed/Power characteristic curve a Speed/Power characteristic deviation. Figure 2 Speed/power characteristic deviation from the linear curve BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 7 Key t time n engine speed a Setting speed of overspeed limiting device. b Operating speed of overspeed limiting device. c Maximum permissible speed. d Speed limit. e Adjustment range. Figure 3 Typical speed curve illustrating engine overspeed 4 Other regulations and additional requirements For RIC engines driving a.c. generating sets used on board ships and offshore installations which have to comply with rules of a classification society, the additional requirements of the classification society shall be observed. The classification society name shall be stated by the customer prior to placing the order. For engines operating in non-classified equipment, any additional requirements are subject to agreement between the manufacturer and customer. If special requirements arising from regulations or a regulatory authority (e.g. inspecting and/or legislative authorities) have to be met, the authority name shall be stated by the customer prior to placing the order. Any additional requirements shall be subject to agreement between the manufacturer and customer. BS ISO 8528-2:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:45:09 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 8 5 General characteristics 5.1 Power characteristics 5.1.1 General The power output required at the RIC engine coupling (net brake power as