BS-ISO-11971-2008.pdf

BS ISO 11971:2008 ICS 77.040.20; 77.140.80 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Steel and iron castings Visual examination of surface quality Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2008 © BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 56250 1 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments BS ISO 11971:2008 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 11971:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/6, Steel castings. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 Reference number ISO 11971:2008(E) © ISO 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11971 Second edition 2008-09-01 Steel and iron castings Visual examination of surface quality Pièces moulées en acier ou en fonte Examen visuel de l'état de surface Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 ISO 11971:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii © ISO 2008 All rights reserved Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 ISO 11971:2008(E) © ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11971 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 11, Steel castings. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11971:1997), which has been technically revised. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 ISO 11971:2008(E) iv © ISO 2008 All rights reserved Introduction The surface roughness of a casting is influenced by the manufacturing process (moulding, grinding, finishing, etc.), the moulding materials used (sand, coating, etc.), the equipment available and the alloy cast. Since cast surfaces do not exhibit the same cyclic character as machined surfaces, it is difficult to evaluate their roughness using conventional mechanical, optical, or pneumatic devices. The use of visual/tactile comparators is therefore preferred in these circumstances. Moreover, in order to take account of the irregularities on as-cast surfaces, ground surfaces or other means of finishing of castings, comparators should have relatively large dimensions (greater than or equal to 15 000 mm2) in order to make them more reliable and their results repeatable and consistent. Two sets of comparators are in widespread use: SCRATA comparators for the definition of surface quality of steel castings, available from Steel Castings Technology International, 7 East Bank Road, Sheffield S2 3PT, United Kingdom; BNIF 359, Recommandation technique du Bureau de Normalisation des Industries de la Fonderie. Caractérisation d'états de surface des pièces moulées Utilisation des échantillons types de 110 × 160 mm, available from Editions Techniques des Industries de la Fonderie, 44 avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92310 Sèvres, France. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11971:2008(E) © ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Steel and iron castings Visual examination of surface quality 1 Scope 1.1 This International Standard covers the acceptance criteria for the surface inspection of steel and iron castings by visual examination. 1.2 Acceptance levels utilize Bureau de Normalisation des Industries de la Fonderie (BNIF) and Steel Castings Research and Trade Association (SCRATA) reference comparators for the visual determination of surface roughness and surface discontinuities described as follows: surface roughness; thermal dressing; mechanical dressing; nonmetallic inclusions; gas porosity; fusion discontinuities; expansion discontinuities; metal inserts. 2 Ordering information The enquiry and order should specify the following information: the casting areas where the surface is to be examined should be clearly indicated on the drawing; the number of castings to be examined; the acceptance level: more than one acceptance level may be specified for different surfaces of the same casting; if any types of discontinuities are unacceptable. 3 Acceptance standards The SCRATA comparator set may be used for steel castings only. The BNIF comparator set S1 and S2 categories may be used for all alloys. Category S3 may be used for steel castings only. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 ISO 11971:2008(E) 2 © ISO 2008 All rights reserved Table 1 lists BNIF and SCRATA comparators for surface roughness and gives the equivalency between BNIF and SCRATA comparators for surface roughness, mechanical dressing and thermal dressing. Table 2 lists the SCRATA surface-discontinuity comparators. Levels of acceptance for surface roughness and discontinuities may be specified by the customer. Tables 3 and 4 may be used by the customer when guidance is required. Surface discontinuities not covered by this International Standard shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer. 4 Determination of compliance The area to be inspected shall be examined without optical aids. The comparators define the worst or roughest condition for that acceptance level. 5 Documentation The manufacturer shall, if requested by the purchaser at the time of enquiry and order, keep a record of the examination and provide a report. The records of the manufacturer shall contain the following: the identification of the casting; the name and qualification of the person undertaking the inspection; the reference of the comparator used; the designated category and level of each area checked for the surface condition. Table 1 BNIF and SCRATA surface roughness and dressing comparators Roughness Mechanical dressing Thermal dressing BNIF SCRATA BNIF SCRATA BNIF SCRATA Smoothest 3/0S1 1/0S2 G1 2/0S1 1S2 1S3 G2 1/0S1 5S2 H1 2S3 G3 1S1 A1 H3 3S3 G5 2S1 A2 H4 3S1 A3 H5 4S1 5S1 6S1 A4 7S1 Roughest 8S1 A5 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 ISO 11971:2008(E) © ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 Table 2 SCRATA surface-discontinuity comparators Reducing Increasing Inclusions B1 B2 B4 B5 Gas porosity C2 C1 C3 C4 Fusion discontinuities D1 D2 D3 D5 Expansion discontinuities E3 E5 Inserts F1 F3 Welds J1 J2 J3 J5 Table 3 Optional roughness acceptance standards Surface comparator Classification Nominal Not worse than Level 1 3/0S1 a Level 2 2/0S1 a Level 3 1/0S1 a 1S1 a or A1 b Level 4 2S1 a or A2 b 3S1 a or A3 b Level 5 4S1 a, 5S1 a 6S1 a or A4 b Level 6 7S1 a 8S1 a or A5 b a BNIF b SCRATA Table 4 Optional surface-discontinuity acceptance standards Surface comparator Classification Surface discontinuity 00 0 1 2 3 4 Inclusions Gas porosity Fusion discontinuities Expansion discontinuities Inserts B1 b C2 b B2 b C1 b D1 b B4 b C3 b D2 b E3 b F1 b B5 b C4 b D5 b E5 b F3 b Metal removal marks Thermal G1 b or 1S3 a G2 b or 2S3 a G3 b or 3S3 a G5 b Mechanical 1/0S2 a 1S2 a H1 b or 5S2 a H3 b H4 b H5 b Welds J1 b J2 b J3 b J5 b NOTE Class 0 and class 00 are available for special casting processes. a BNIF b SCRATA Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 ISO 11971:2008(E) ICS 77.040.20; 77.140.80 Price based on 3 pages © ISO 2008 All rights reserved Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 This page has been intentionally left blank Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11971:2008 BSI Group Headquarters 389 Chiswick High Road, London, W4 4AL, UK Tel +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax +44 (0)20 8996 7001 www.bsigroup.com/ standards BSI - British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9000. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7400. BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards. Buying standards Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001 Email: ordersbsigroup.com You may also buy directly using a debit/credit card from the BSI Shop on the Website http:/www.bsigroup.com/shop In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless otherwise requested. Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on all its products and services. Contact Information Centre. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7111 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7048 Email: infobsigroup.com Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7002 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001 Email: membershipbsigroup.com Information regarding online access to British Standards via British Standards Online can be found at http:/www.bsigroup.com/BSOL Further information about BSI is available on the BSI website at http:/ www.bsigroup.com Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission from BSI. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright and Licensing Manager. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070 Email: copyrightbsigroup.com Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI