BS-EN-ISO-10321-1996 ISO-10321-1992.pdf
BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 10321:1996 ISO 10321: 1992 Geotextiles Tensile test for joints/seams by wide-width method The European Standard EN ISO 10321:1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.70 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:22:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10321:1996 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1996 © BSI 11-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCI/35 Draft announced in BSI News July 1995 ISBN 0 580 26166 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/35, Geotextiles, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Engineers British Geotechnical Society British Polyolefin Textiles Association British Textile Technology Group Chemical Industries Association Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of Transport (Transport Research Laboratory) Department of Transport (Highways Agency) ERA Technology Ltd. Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Institute of Asphalt Technology Institute of Wastes Management Institution of Chemical Engineers Institution of Civil Engineers National Rivers Authority Society of Engineers Incorporated Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:22:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10321:1996 © BSI 11-1998i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4Principle3 5Apparatus and materials3 6Test specimens4 7Conditioning atmosphere4 8Procedure4 9Expression of results8 10Test report9 Figure 1 Examples of jaw faces for testing geotextiles5 Figure 2 Test specimen preparation6 Figure 3 Example of seam/joint specimen placed in compressive clamps6 Figure 4 Example of geogrid seam/joint specimen7 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:22:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10321:1996 ii © BSI 11-1998 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee TCI/35 and is the English language version of EN ISO 10321:1996 Geotextiles Tensile test for joints/seams by wide-width method published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is identical with ISO 10321:1992, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publication referred toCorresponding British Standard ISO 3696:1987BS EN ISO 3696:1995 Water for analytical laboratory use. Specification and test methods ISO 7500-1:1986BS 1610 Materials testing machines and force verification equipment Part 1:1992 Specification for the grading of the forces applied by materials testing machines when used in the compression mode ISO 9862:1990BS EN 963:1995 Geotextiles and geotextile-related materials. Sampling and preparation of test specimens. ISO 10319:1996BS EN ISO 10319:1996 Geotextiles Wide-width tensile test Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:22:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN ISO 10321 May 1996 ICS 59.080.70 Descriptors: Textiles, filter fabrics, joints, tests, tension tests, determination, tensile properties English version Geotextiles Tensile test for joints/seams by wide-width method (ISO 10321:1992) Géotextiles Essai de traction pour joints/coutures par la méthode de la bande large (ISO 10321:1992) Geotextilien Zugversuch am breiten Streifen an Verbindungen/Nähten (ISO 10321:1992) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-12-14. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN ISO 10321:1996 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:22:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10321:1996 © BSI 11-1998 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as a European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1996, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:22:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10321:1996 © BSI 11-19983 1 Scope This International Standard specifies an index test method for determination of the tensile properties of joints and seams in geotextiles and related products, using a wide-width strip. The method is applicable to most geotextiles and geotextile-related products. It is also applicable to geogrids, but the specimen dimensions may need to be altered. This method quantifies the tensile strength of a joint or seam between geotextiles or related products. It can provide data to indicate the joint or seam tensile strength which can be achieved. A joint or seam efficiency can be calculated by comparison of the joint/seam tensile strength with the tensile strength of the unjointed material as determined by ISO 10319. Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet specimens are included. Some modification of techniques may be necessary for particular geotextiles, e.g. strong geotextiles, meshes or geotextiles made from glass fibre, to prevent them from slipping in the jaws or being damaged as a result of being gripped in the jaws. The basic test for joints or seams in all kinds of geotextiles or related products uses test specimens of 200 mm width, with the provision for the seam or joint to extend for 25 mm on each side in order to provide joint or seam stability during the test (see Figure 2). 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 554:1976, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications. ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods. ISO 7500-1:1986, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tensile testing machines. ISO 9862:1990, Geotextiles Sampling and preparation of test specimens. ISO 10319:1), Geotextiles Wide-width tensile test. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 seam series of stitches joining two or more separate pieces of a material or materials of planar structure, e.g. geotextiles or related products 3.2 joint the junction at which two or more separate pieces of a geotextile or related product are joined by a method other than stitching 3.3 joint/seam strength (for geotextiles and related products) the maximum tensile resistance, measured in kilonewtons per metre, of the junction formed by stitching or joining two or more planar structures 3.4 joint/seam efficiency the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of joint/seam strength to the geotextile strength evaluated in the same direction 4 Principle A geotextile specimen, 200 mm wide and containing a joint/seam, is gripped across its entire width in the clamps of a tensile testing machine, operated at a prescribed rate of extension, and subjected to a longitudinal force (perpendicular to the seam axis) until the joint/seam of the geotextile or related product ruptures. 5 Apparatus and materials 5.1 Tensile testing machine, constant rate of extension type, complying with ISO 7500-1, in which the rate of increase of specimen length is uniform with time. 5.2 Jaws, which are sufficiently wide to hold the entire width of the specimen and with appropriate means to limit slippage or damage. Each jaw shall have faces measuring at least the width of the specimen, i.e. 200 mm. NOTE 1It is stressed that it is essential to choose jaw faces that limit slippage of the geotextile that may occur, especially for stronger geotextiles. Examples of types of jaw face, which have been found satisfactory, are given in Figure 1. 5.3 Water (for wet specimens only), purity grade 3 as defined in ISO 3696. 1) To be published. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:22:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10321:1996 4 © BSI 11-1998 5.4 Non-ionic wetting agent (for wet specimens only). 6 Test specimens 6.1 Number of test specimens Cut at least five test specimens, each of which includes the seam or joint. 6.2 Selection of test specimens Select specimens in accordance with ISO 9862. 6.3 Dimensions of test specimens 6.3.1 Prepare test specimens from the jointed or seamed specimen, each of sufficient length to ensure an initial jaw separation of 100 mm plus the joint or seam width b (see Figure 3) and with the seam or joint located along the centre-line of the specimen, perpendicular to the direction of the applied load. Cut each specimen, as shown in Figure 2, to achieve a final specimen width of 200 mm. When removing the shaded area from a specimen, as shown in Figure 2, the angles between the 25-mm extensions, which are parallel to the seam or joint, and that section of the specimen having a finished width of 200 mm shall be 90°. 6.3.2 For woven geotextiles (see ISO 10319), make 25-mm-long cuts at a distance of 25 mm plus b/2 from the centre-line of the specimen, to facilitate the removal of the edge yarns in attaining the nominal width of 200 mm. 6.3.3 For geogrids, prepare jointed specimens at least 200 mm wide and sufficiently long to ensure a clamp separation of at least 100 mm plus the joint width, measured to ± 3 mm. The jointed test specimen shall contain at least five tensile elements within the width of the test specimen and at least one row of nodes or cross-members on either side of the joint, excluding those by which the test specimen is held in the jaws or from which the joint is to be made. Cut all ribs or cross-members at least 10 mm from any node (see Figure 4). The cross-members, from which the joint is to be made, shall be extended, by at least one pitch beyond the tensile elements to be tested, on both sides of the specimen, in order to facilitate the formation of the joint. 6.3.4 For knitted geotextiles, geocomposites or others in which preparing the specimen by cutting with a knife or scissors may affect the geotextile structure, thermal cutting can be used, taking care to avoid damaging the specimen during the cutting operation, particularly at the point labelled “A” in Figure 2. This shall be reported in the test report clause 10, b). 6.3.5 If wet testing is also required, cut an additional five specimens. 6.4 Index characterisation For index characterisation of the seam/joint, the two elements seamed/jointed together shall be orientated in the same direction (warp or weft, machine or cross-machine direction) and aligned perpendicular to the seam/joint and parallel to the applied load axis. 7 Conditioning atmosphere The test specimens shall be conditioned and the test conducted in one of the standard atmospheres defined in ISO 554, i.e. at a relative humidity of (65 ± 2) % and a temperature of (20 ± 2) °C or (50 ± 2) % R.H. and (23 ± 2) °C, or (65 ± 2) % R.H. and (27 ± 2) °C, until constant mass is achieved. NOTE 2The test specimens can be considered to have been conditioned when the change in mass of the test specimen in successive weighings, made at intervals of not less than 2 h, does not exceed 0,25 % of the mass of the test specimen. NOTE 3Conditioning and/or testing at a specified relative humidity may be omitted if it can be shown that the results are not affected. Specimens to be tested in the wet condition shall be immersed in water (5.3) maintained at a temperature of (20 ± 2) °C or (23 ± 2) °C or (27 ± 2) °C. The time of immersion shall be sufficient to wet out the test specimens thoroughly, as indicated by no significant change in maximum load or strain following a longer period of immersion, and at least 24 h. To obtain thorough wetting, it may be necessary to add not more than 0,05 % of a non-ionic neutral wetting agent (5.4) to the water. 8 Procedure 8.1 Setting up of machine Adjust the distance between the jaws a
