BS-EN-ISO-12100-1-2003.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 12100-1:2003 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology The European Standard EN ISO 12100-1:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 01.040.13; 13.110 ? BS EN ISO 12100-1:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 7 November 2003 © BSI 19 January 2004 ISBN 0 580 42922 9 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 12100-1:2003. It is identical with ISO 12100-1:2003. It supersedes BS EN 292-1:1991 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinery, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 33, the Annex ZA page, the Annex ZB page and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments 14974 Corrigendum No. 1 19 January 2004 Incorporating corrected EN foreword and Annex ZA pages and adding Annex ZB page EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN ISO 12100-1 November 2003 ICS 01.040.13; 13.110Supersedes EN 292-1:1991 English version Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100- 1:2003) Sécurité des machines - Notions fondamentales, principes généraux de conception - Partie 1: Terminologie de base, méthodologie (ISO 12100-1:2003) Sicherheit von Maschinen - Grundbegriffe, allgemeine Gestaltungsleitsätze - Teil 1: Grundsätzliche Terminologie, Methodologie (ISO 12100-1:2003) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 June 2003. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels © 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 12100-1:2003 E I NESO 21-001:1002( 3E) 2 CORRECTED 2003-12-17 Foreword This document (EN ISO 12100-1:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 “Safety of machinery“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2004. This document supersedes EN 292-1:1991. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZB, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12100-1:2003 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12100-1:2003 without any modifications. NOTE Normative references to International Standards are listed in Annex ZA (normative). EN ISO 121001:2003 Reference number ISO 12100-1:2003(E) NRETNIITAOLAN NATSDRAD OSI 100121- iFsrt edition -300211-10 Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology Sécurité des machines Notions fondamentales, principes généraux de conception Partie 1: Terminologie de base, méthodologie Referecne unmber OSI -0012102:1)E(30 © OSI 3002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12100-1 First edition 2003-11-01 tefaSy fo camhinrey B c cisaecnop,st icnirp lareneglpse gised rofn :1 traP ret cisaBmniology, emhtdoology céSurité des camhseni itoNsno ofadnnemtlaserp ,incisep grénéxua c edcnoepit no raPtie :1 Terminolgoei ed baseém ,ohtdolgoei EN ISO 121001:2003 IS-00121 O1:(3002E) ii EN ISO 121001:2003 IS-00121 O1:(3002E) iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Hazards to be taken into account when designing machinery8 4.1 General.8 4.2 Mechanical hazard 8 4.3 Electrical hazard9 4.4 Thermal hazard9 4.5 Hazard generated by noise 10 4.6 Hazards generated by vibration 10 4.7 Hazards generated by radiation 10 4.8 Hazards generated by materials and substances .10 4.9 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machine design . 10 4.10 Slipping, tripping and falling hazards.11 4.11 Hazard combinations11 4.12 Hazards associated with the environment in which the machine is used11 5 Strategy for risk reduction.11 5.1 General provisions11 5.2 Specification of the limits of the machine12 5.3 Hazard identification, risk estimation and risk evaluation .12 5.4 Elimination of hazards or reduction of risk by protective measures 14 5.5 Achievement of risk reduction objectives14 Annex A (informative) Schematic representation of a machine17 Trilingual index 18 Bibliography .33 EN ISO 121001:2003 IS-00121 O1:(3002E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 12100-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery. This edition cancels and replaces ISO/TR 12100-1:1992, which has been technically revised. This standard results from the revision of EN 292:1991 / ISO/TR 12100:1992, carried out by a Special Working Group composed of experts from ISO, CEN, IEC and CENELEC. ISO 12100 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design: Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology, expressing the basic overall methodology to be followed when designing machinery and when producing safety standards for machinery, together with the basic terminology related to the philosophy underlying this work; Part 2: Technical principles, giving advice on how this philosophy can be applied using available techniques. EN ISO 121001:2003 IS-00121 O1:(3002E) v Introduction The primary purpose of ISO 12100 is to provide designers with an overall framework and guidance to enable them to produce machines that are safe for their intended use. It also provides a strategy for standard makers. The concept of safety of machinery considers the ability of a machine to perform its intended function(s) during its lifecycle where risk has been adequately reduced. This standard is the basis for a set of standards which has the following structure: type-A standards (basic safety standards) giving basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects that can be applied to all machinery; type-B standards (generic safety standards) dealing with one safety aspect or one type of safeguard that can be used across a wide range of machinery: type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise); type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand controls, interlocking devices, pressure sensitive devices, guards); type-C standards (machine safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines. This standard is a type-A standard. When a type-C standard deviates from one or more provisions dealt with by Part 2 of this standard or by a type-B standard, the type-C standard takes precedence. It is recommended that this standard be incorporated in training courses and manuals to convey basic terminology and general design methods to designers. ISO/IEC Guide 51 has been taken into account as far as practicable at the time of drafting of this standard. EN ISO 121001:2003 3002:100121 OSI NE Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology 1 Scope This standard defines basic terminology and methodology used in achieving safety of machinery. The provisions stated in this standard are intended for the designer. This standard does not deal with damage to domestic animals, property or the environment. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2 : Technical principles. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of ISO 12100-1 and -2, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 machinery machine assembly of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, with the appropriate machine actuators, control and power circuits, joined together for a specific application, in particular for the processing, treatment, moving or packaging of a material. The terms “machinery“ and “machine“ also cover an assembly of machines which, in order to achieve the same end, are arranged and controlled so that they function as an integral whole. NOTE Annex A provides a general schematic representation of a machine. 3.2 reliability (of a machine) ability of a machine or its components or equipment, to perform a required function under specified conditions and for a given period of time without failing 3.3 maintainability (of a machine) ability of a machine to be maintained in a state which enables it to fulfil its function under conditions of intended use, or restored into such a state, the necessary actions (maintenance) being carried out according to specified practices and using specified means INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS-00121 O1:(3002E) 1 EN ISO 121001:2003 IS-00121 O1:(3002E) 2 3.4 usability (of a machine) ability of a machine to be easily used thanks to, among others, properties or characteristics that enable its function(s) to be easily understood. 3.5 harm physical injury or damage to health 3.6 hazard potential source of harm NOTE 1 The term “hazard“ can be qualified in order to define its origin (e.g. mechanical hazard, electrical hazard) or the nature of the potential harm (e.g. electric shock hazard, cutting hazard, toxic hazard, fire hazard). NOTE 2 The hazard envisaged in this definition: either is permanently present during the intended use of the machine (e.g. motion of hazardous moving elements, electric arc during a welding phase, unhealthy posture, noise emission, high temperature); or may appear unexpectedly (e.g. explosion, crushing hazard as a consequence of an unintended / unexpected start- up, ejection as a consequence of a breakage, fall as a consequence of acceleration / deceleration). 3.7 relevant hazard hazard which is identified as being present at or associated with the machine NOTE A relevant hazard is identified as the result of one step of the process described in ISO 14121. 3.8 significant hazard hazard which has been identified as relevant and which requires specific action by the designer to eliminate or to reduce the risk according to the risk assessment 3.9 hazardous situation circumstance in which a person is exposed to at least one hazard. The exposure can immediately or over a period of time result in harm 3.10 hazard zone danger zone any space within and/or around machinery in which a person can be exposed to a hazard 3.11 risk combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm 3.12 residual risk risk remaining