IEEE-C63.12-1999.pdf

ANSI C63.12-1999 (Revision of ANSI C63.12-1987) American National Standard Recommended Practice for Electromagnetic Compatibility Limits Accredited Standards Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility, C63 accredited by the American National Standards Institute Secretariat Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Approved 14 December 1999 American National Standards Institute Abstract: This recommended practice presents a rationale for developing limits and recommends sets of limits that are representative of current practice. These limits may be adjusted in particular applications as circumstances dictate. Keywords: electromagnetic compatibility, electromagnetic noise, radio noise The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 1 O01 6-5997, USA Copyright O 2000 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 27 March 2000. Printed in the United States of America. Print: ISBN 0-7381 -21 63-0 SH94839 PDF: ISBN 0-7381 -21 64-9 SS94839 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=O'Connor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 20:51:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and pro- visions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to peri- odic reviews and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The pro- cedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffìrm, revise, or with- draw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Cus- tomer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; (978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copy- right Clearance Center. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=O'Connor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 20:51:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- phis introduction is not part of ANSI C63.12-1999, American National Standard Recommended Practice for Electro- magnetic Compatibility Limits. The problem of electromagnetic compatibility has existed from the early days of radio when spark gaps were used for transmitting and receivers picked up many signals unintentionally. Radio transmission has evolved from those early days into a highly sophisticated science. However, the need for compatibility is even greater today than it was in earlier times since modern society has come to depend on radio waves in all facets of life, from garage door openers and licensed broadcasting to sophisticated airplane and missile guidance sys- tems. The proliferation of unintentional radiators, such as personal computers and video games, has increased the need for electromagnetic compatibility. The need for an electromagnetic compatibility document was recognized by the American National Stan- dards Committee C63 and as a result, the first official issue of C63.12 was approved 2 December 1983 and published by IEEE in 1984. Changes in national and international standards since that time prompted Com- mittee C63 to request that Subcommittee Number 1 undertake a first revision, which was published by IEEE in 1988. Further changes in international and in military immunity techniques and requirements, as well as requests by potential users of C63.12, led to the current revision. This recommended practice suggests emission limits based on maintaining existing ambient levels and pro- tection of licensed radio services. Immunity limits are based on ensuring satisfactory equipment operation in the presence of likely disturbance levels due to man-made and natural noise sources. Participants At the time that this standard was developed, the Working Group that prepared this standard had the follow- ing membership: H. Robert Hofmann, Chair Stephen D. Bloom Ray Magnuson At the time that the Accredited Standards Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility, C63, approved this standard, it had the following membership: Ralph M. Showers, Chair Edwin L. Bronaugh, Wce Chair Patricia Gerdon, Secretariat Organization Represented Name of Representative Aeronautical Radio, Inc. (ARINC). . Dan Martinec Alliance for Telecom. Industry Solutions John F. Lichtig American Council of Independent Laboratories Ross A. Hansen American Radio Relay League Hugh Turnbull Association of American Railroads. Chris Allman Association of Telecommunications Attorneys. . Glen Dash AT Clause 3 contains a list of definitions; Clause 4 describes environmental radio noise; Clause 5 describes the selection of measurement parameters; Clause 6 discusses limit setting; and Annex A is a bibli- ography. 'It should be noted that the limits and measurement techniques described herein are proposed for general use to the extent that they are not covered i n the regulations of the United States federal government agencies. Clearly, in circumstances where such regulations apply and could be considered to be in conflict with these practices, those regulations take precedence. %'he terms radio noise, electromagnetic noise, and electromagnetic disturbance generally connote the same phenomena, except that radio noise is restricted to phenomena at frequencies above 9 kHz. Otherwise, these terms are used interchangeably i n this document. Copyright O 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=O'Connor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 20:51:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI c63.12-1999 ANSI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR 2. References Instrumentation and measurement methods used for determining equipment emission characteristics are described in more detail in ANSI C63.2-1996 and ANSI C63.4-1992. These documents should be reviewed before proceeding to make measurements. When standards referred to in this standard are superseded by a revision, the revision shall apply. ANSI C63.2-1996, American National Standard Specifications for Electromagnetic Noise and Field Strength Instrumentation, 10 kHz to 40 GHz.3 ANSI C63.4-1992, American National Standard Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz. ANSI C63.7-1992, American National Standard Guide for Construction of Open-Area Test Sites for Per- forming Radiated Emission Measurements. ANSI C63.14-1998, American National Standard Dictionary for Technologies of Electromagnetic Compati- bility MC), Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP), and Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) (Dictionary of EMC/EMP/ ESD Terms and Definitions). CISPR Publication 11 (1990), Interference from industrial, scientific, and medical radio frequency apparatus. 4 CISPR Publication 13 (1990), Limits and methods of measurement of radio interference characteristics of sound and television receivers, includes Amendment No. 1, April, 1992, Amendment No. 2, May, 1993 and Amendment No. 3, Jan, 1995. CISPR Publication 22 (1993), Limits and methods of measurement of radio interference characteristics of information technology equipment. Second Ed. 1993. FCC 47 CFR 15 B, Technical Standards for Computing Devices.' FCC 47 CFR 18, Technical Standards for Industrial, Scientific and Medical Equipment. FCC 47 CFR 68, FCC Rules for Registration of Telephone Equipment. IEC 61000-4-2 (1995-Ol), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)-Part 4: Testing and measurement tech- niques-Section 2: Electrostatic discharge immunity test.6 IEC 61000-4-3 (1995-02), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)-Part 4: Testing and measurement tech- niques-Section 3: Radiated, radio frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test. IEC 61000-4-4 (1995-Ol), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)-Part 4: Testing and measurement tech- niques-Section 4: Electrical fast transienthurst immunity test. 3 S I C63 documents are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscat- away, NJ 08855-1331, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 4CISPR documents are available from the International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de VaremM, Case Postale 131, CH 121 1, Genhe 20, Switzerlandhisse (http:/www.iec.ch/). They are also available in the United States from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA. 'FCC publications are available from the Superintendent of Documents, US. Government Printing Office, Document Control Branch, Washington, DC 20402, USA. %C publications are available from the Sales Department of the International Electrotechnical Commission, Case Postale 131, 3, rue de VarembB, CH-1211, Genhe 20, Switzerlandhisse (http:/www.iec.ch/). IEC publications are also available in the United States from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA. 2 Copyright O 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=O'Connor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 20:51:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LIMITS ANSI C63.12-1999 IEC 61000-4-5 (1995-02), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)-Part 4: Testing and measurement tech- niques-Section 5: Surge immunity test. IEC 61000-4-6 (1996-04), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)-Part 4: Testing and measurement tech- niques-Section 6: Immunity to conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields. IEEE Std 473-1985 (Reaff 1997), IEEE Recommended Practice for an Electromagnetic Site Survey (10 kHz to 10 GHz). IEEE Std C62.41-1991 (Reaff 1995), IEEE Recommended Practice on Surge Voltages in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits. IEEE Std C62.45-1992 (Reaff 1998), IEEE Guide on Surge Testing for Equipment Connected to Low-Volt- age AC Power Circuits. MIL-STD-461D, 11 Jan 1993, Requirements for the control of electromagnetic interference emissions and susceptibility, U.S. Department of Defense.' MIL-STD-462D, 11 Jan 1993, Measurement of Electromagnetic interference characteristics, U.S. Depart- ment of Defense. 3. Definitions For definitions of terms not included in this standard, see ANSI C63.14-1998. 3.1 amplitude probability distribution (APD): The fraction of the total time interval for which the enve- lope of a function is above a given level as a function of x. 3.2 atmospheric radio noise: Electromagnetic noise in the radio frequency range having its sources in natu- ral atmospheric phenomena. 3.3 electromagnetic disturbance: Any electromagnetic phenomenon that may degrade the performance of a device, equipment, or system, or adversely affect living or inert matter. 3 . 4 electromagnetic noise: A time-varying electromagnetic phenomenon apparently not conveying infor- mation and that may be superimposed on or combined with a wanted signal. 3.5 environmental radio noise: The total electromagnetic disturbance complex in which an equipment sub- system or system may be immersed, exclusive of its own electromagnetic contribution. 3.6 intersystem electromagnetic compatibility: The condition that enables a system to function without perceptible degradation due to electromagnetic sources in another system. 3.7 intrasystem electromagnetic compatibility: The condition that enables the various portions of a sys- tem to function without perceptible degradation due to electromagnetic sources in other portions of the same system. 71EEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, N J 08855-1331, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 'MIL publications are available from Customer Service, Defense Printing Service, 700 Robbins Ave., Bldg. 4D, Philadelphia, PA 191 11-5094. Copyright O 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved. 3 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=O'Connor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 20:51:28 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI c63.12-1999 ANSI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR 3.8 noise amplitude distribution (NAD): A distribution showing the pulse amplitude that is equaled or exceeded as a function of pulse repetition rate. 3.9 random noise: Electromagnetic noise, the values of which at given instants are not predictable. NOTE-The part of the noise that is unpredictable except in a statistical sense. The term is most frequently applied to the limiting case in which the number of transient disturbances per unit time is large, so that the spectral characteristics are the same as those of thermal noise. Thermal noise and shot noise are special cases of random noise. 4. Description of environmental radio noise The minimum level required for satisfactory reception of desired radiated signals is determined by the level of environmental radio noise or undesired signals with which the desired signal must compete. Several types of radio noise may influence reception and consequent equipment operation; however, with a particular sys- tem and environment one type