BS-6925-1988.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS 6925:1988 Incorporating Amendments Nos. 1 and 2 Specification for Mastic asphalt for building and civil engineering (limestone aggregate) ICS 75.140 BS 6925:1988 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Elements and Components (of Diverse Materials) for Building Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 29 February 1988 © BSI 09-1999 First published as BS 988 BS 1076 BS 1097 BS 1451 January 1966 and October 1973 Revised as BS 6925 February 1988 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ECB/31 Draft for comment 85/12112 ISBN 0 580 16362 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Elements and Components (of Diverse Materials) for Buildings Standards Committee (ECB/-) to Technical Committee ECB/31 upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Scientists British Tar Industry Association Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Institution of Civil Engineers Low Temperature Coal Distillers Association of Great Britain Mastic Asphalt Council and Employers Federation Mastic Asphalt Producers Association Royal institute of British Architects Society of Chemical Industry Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments 7150September 1992 9582September 1997 Indicated by a sideline in the margin BS 6925:1988 © BSI 09-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Classification1 4Asphaltic cement2 5Aggregate3 6Manufacture of the mastic asphalt3 7Specific requirements5 8Sampling6 9Marking6 Appendix A Guide to the selection of grades and thicknesses of mastic asphalt for flooring7 Appendix B Remelting and hardness numbers at time of laying7 Appendix C Mass per unit area of mastic asphalt8 Table 1 Properties of asphaltic cement: type R988 and type T10972 Table 2 Properties of asphaltic cement: type F1076 and type F14513 Table 3 Grading of limestone fine aggregate3 Table 4 Composition by analysis of mastic asphalt: type R988 and type T10974 Table 5 Grading and coarse aggregate content for type F1076 and type F14514 Table 6 Composition by analysis of ungritted mastic asphalt after excluding coarse aggregate type F1076 and type F14514 Table 7 Grading of coarse aggregate for type R988 and type T10975 Table 8 Mass per unit area for a range of thicknesses8 Publications referred toInside back cover BS 6925:1988 ii © BSI 09-1999 Foreword This revision of BS 988, BS 1076, BS 1097 and BS 1451 has been prepared under the direction of the Elements and Components (of Diverse Materials) for Buildings Standards Committee. It supersedes BS 988, BS 1076, BS 1097, BS 1451:1973, which is withdrawn. This standard has been revised under a new BS number, however the original BS numbers, preceded by a letter, are retained to classify the types of mastic asphalt. In revising this standard all requirements relating to flux oils have been deleted as they are no longer used. Appendix A gives guidance on the grades and thicknesses of mastic asphalt flooring recommended for a variety of applications. The recommendations relating to the on-site remelting of mastic asphalt, the addition of coarse aggregate to the heavy duty grade of flooring during remelting and the hardness numbers to be obtained on material at the time of laying, are given in Appendix B. Information on the mass per unit area of mastic asphalt is given in Appendix C. The opportunity has been taken to update terminology, to adjust certain specification limits to take account of current practices, and to cross-refer to BS 5284 in respect of sampling and testing procedures for mastic asphalt. Information regarding the methods of application is given in the relevant British Standard Codes of Practice, viz: CP 102, CP 144-4 and CP 204-2. Product certification. Users of this British Standard are advised to consider the desirability of third party certification of product conformity with this British Standard based on testing and continuing surveillance, which may be coupled with assessment of a suppliers quality systems against the appropriate Part of BS 5750. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification schemes may be forwarded by BSI to the Association of Certification Bodies. If a third party certification scheme does not already exist, users should consider approaching an appropriate body from the list of Association members. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. BS 6925:1988 © BSI 09-19991 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for roofing, tanking and flooring grades of mastic asphalt for building and civil engineering purposes, composed of ground limestone, coarse aggregate and pigment if required, incorporated with asphaltic cements. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 2.1 bitumen a viscous liquid, or a solid, consisting essentially of hydrocarbons and their derivatives, which is soluble in carbon disulphide1); and is substantially non-volatile and softens gradually when heated. It is black or brown in colour and possesses waterproofing and adhesive properties. It is obtained by refinery processes from petroleum, and is also found as a natural deposit or as a component of naturally occurring asphalt in which it is associated with mineral matter 2.2 asphaltite a naturally occurring substance allied to bitumen, substantially soluble in carbon disulphide1) and characterized by a high softening point 2.3 asphalt a mixture of bitumen with a substantial proportion of inert mineral matter NOTEThis term is normally qualified by the indication of the origin, e.g. natural rock asphalt, Trinidad Lake asphalt; or type, e.g. mastic asphalt, rolled asphalt. 2.4 refined lake asphalt a naturally occurring mixture of bitumen and finely divided mineral matter, which is found in well-defined surface deposits, and from which unwanted components such as water and vegetable matter have been removed 2.5 lake asphalt-bitumen mixture a homogeneous mixture of refined lake asphalt and bitumen, with or without the addition of flux oil, used in the manufacture of asphalts and other coated materials 2.6 asphaltic cement bitumen or a mixture of refined lake asphalt with bitumen and/or asphaltite having adhesive qualities suitable for the manufacture of mastic asphalt 2.7 limestone a naturally occurring consolidated stratified calcareous rock NOTEThe term is used here in a restricted geological sense. 2.8 pigment finely ground metallic oxide 2.9 mastic asphalt a type of asphalt composed of suitably graded mineral matter and asphaltic cement in such proportions as to form a coherent, voidless, impermeable mass, solid or semi-solid under normal temperature conditions, but sufficiently fluid when brought to a suitable temperature to be spread by means of a hand float, or by mechanical means 3 Classification The types of mastic asphalt are classified as follows: R988: mastic asphalt for roofing (limestone aggregate); F1076: mastic asphalt for flooring (limestone aggregate); T1097: mastic asphalt for tanking and damp-proof courses (limestone aggregate); F1451: coloured mastic asphalt for flooring (limestone aggregate). Types F1076 and F1451 mastic asphalt for flooring are graded according to usage as follows: grade I: special hard flooring; grade II: light duty flooring; grade III: medium duty flooring; grade IV: heavy duty flooring. NOTE 1Types F1076 and F1451 do not cover grades of mastic asphalt for special applications such as chemical resistant, oil resistant or spark free flooring, for which purposes proprietary variants are available, nor are they suitable for external applications such as loading bays, balconies and rooftop car parks for which paving grade mastic asphalt is specified in BS 1446 and BS 1447. NOTE 2A guide to the selection of the appropriate grade of flooring is given in Appendix A. 1) The internationally agreed definition of bitumen relates to its solubility in carbon disulphide but in the UK trichloroethylene is used as the test solvent as it is safer than carbon disulphide and has the same solvent power for all practical purposes. BS 6925:1988 2 © BSI 09-1999 4 Asphaltic cement The asphaltic cement for type R988 shall consist of bitumen or a mixture containing bitumen and either 25 ± 5 % or 50 ± 5 % refined lake asphalt according to the grade specified and its properties shall be as given in Table 1. The asphaltic cement for type T1097 shall consist of bitumen or a mixture containing bitumen and 25 ± 5 % of refined lake asphalt according to the grade specified and its properties shall be as given in Table 1. The asphaltic cement for grade I of types F1076 and F1451 shall consist of a mixture containing bitumen and 15 ± 5 % refined lake asphalt; and its properties shall be as given in Table 2. The asphaltic cement for grades II, III and IV of types F1076 and F1451 shall consist of bitumen or a mixture containing bitumen and 25 ± 5 % refined lake asphalt according to the grade specified; and its properties shall be as given in Table 2. NOTEThe refined lake asphalt content is controlled and determined by the solubility in trichloroethylene and ash content tolerances specified for the asphaltic cement. Table 1 Properties of asphaltic cement: type R988 and type T1097 PropertyTest method Identical with Type of asphaltic cement B (bitumen) T25 (25 ± 5 % refined lake asphalt) T50 (R988 only) (50 ± 5 % refined lake asphalt) Penetration at 25 °CBS 2000-49ASTM D5 IP 49 40 ± 1040 ± 1040 ± 10 Softening point °CBS 2000-58IP 5860 ± 1060 ± 1060 ± 10 Loss on heating for 5 h at 163 °C (% by mass) BS 2000-45IP 45max. 2.02.02.0 Solubility in trichloroethylene BS 2000-47IP 47 (% by mass)min. max. 95a 86 91 75 79 Ash (mineral matter) content (% by mass) BS 2000-223IP 223 min. max. 4.0a 7.5 11.0 16.5 20.0 a This allows for the presence of any small residual amount of Trinidad lake asphalt in the tank. BS 6925:1988 © BSI 09-19993 Table 2 Properties of asphaltic cement: type F1076 and type F1451 5 Aggregate 5.1 General The total aggregate shall consist of fine aggregate complying with 5.2 and coarse aggregate complying with 5.3. 5.2 Fine aggregate The fine aggregate shall consist of naturally occurring limestone rock ground to a grading within the limits given in Table 3, when determined by the wet sieving method described in Part 103 of BS 812; and shall have a calcium carbonate content of not less than 80 % by mass, when determined by the method of BS 6463-2. 5.3 Coarse aggregate The coarse aggregate shall consist of clean igneous or calcareous rock or siliceous material obtained from natural deposits either directly or by screening, crushing or other mechanical process. If limestone is used as the coarse aggregate for flooring, the aggregate crushing value, when determined as described in BS 812-3, on chippings passing a 14 mm BS 410 test sieve and retained on a 10 mm BS 410 test sieve shall be not greater than 28. 6 Manufacture of the mastic asphalt The fine aggregate, as specified in 5.2 and pigment if required, shall be thoroughly incorporated at a temperature between 175 °C and 230 °C with the requisite proportion of asphaltic cement. Table 3 Grading of limestone fine aggregate Except for grade IV of type F1076 and grade IV of type F1451 the proportion of coarse aggregate incorporated shall be such that the composition of the mastic asphalt is as given in Table 4 or Table 5 and Table 6 as appropriate. If the material is required for immediate use it shall be transported hot to the point of laying; if it is not required for immediate use it shall be cast into blocks. PropertyTest methodIdentical with F1076 and F1451 grade I F1076 and F1451 grades II and III F1076 and F1451 grade IV B (bitumen) T25 (25 ± 5 % refined lake asphalt) B (bitumen) T25 (25 ± 5 % refined lake asphalt) Penetration at 25 °CBS 2000-49 ASTM D5 IP 49 8 ± 48 ± 410 ± 510 ± 5 Penetration at 35 °CBS 2000-49 ASTM D5 IP 49 10 ± 5 Softening point, (°C)BS 2000-58 IP 58max. 105 100100100100 Loss on heating for 5 h at 163 °C (% by mass) BS 2000-45 IP 45max. 2.02.02.02.02.0 Solubility in trichloroethylene BS 2000-47 IP 47 (% by mass) min. max. 60 95 86 91 95 86 91 Ash (mineral content) BS 2000:IP 223 (% by mass) min. max. 30 4 7.5 11 4 7.5 11 Grading using BS 410 test sieves% by mass min.max. Retained on 2.36 mm mesh3.0 Passing 2.36 mm mesh and retained on 600 4m mesh 525 Passing 600 4m mesh and retained on 212 4m mesh 1030 Passing 212 4m mesh and retained on 75 4m mesh 1030 Passing 75 4m mesh4555 BS 6925:1988 4 © BSI 09-1999 In the case of grade IV of type F1076 and grade IV of type F1451, if the material is required for immediate use the proportion of coarse aggregate incorporated shall be such that the composition of the mastic asphalt is as given in Table 5 and Table 6, and the material transported hot to the point of laying. If the material is not required for immediate use the coarse aggregate shall not be incorporated and the ungritted material shall be cast into blocks. NOTE 1The manufacturer should provide guidance on the suitability of the various grades and thicknesses of type F1076 and type F1451 mastic asphalt for flooring applications, as given in Appendix A. NOTE 2The manufacturer should provide guidance on the remelting of mastic asphalt and in the case of grade IV of type F1076 and grade IV of type F1451, the addition of coarse aggregate, as given in Appendix B. Table 4 Composition by analysis of mastic asphalt: type R988 and type T1097 Table 5 Grading and coarse aggregate content for type F1076 and type F1451 Table 6 Composition by analysis of ungritted mastic asphalt after excluding coarse aggregate type F1076 and type F1451 Property % by mass of mastic asphalt R988T1097 Grading of mineral aggregate using BS 410 test sievesmin.max.min.max. Retained on 3.35 mm mesh03.002.0 Passing 3.35 mm mesh retained on 600 4m mesh12.023.04.017.0 Passing 600 4m mesh and retained on 212 4m mesh8.022.08.026.0 Passing 212 4m mesh and retained on 75 4m mesh8.022.08.026.0 Passing 75 4m mesh35.045.038.050.0 Soluble bitumen11.013.