BS-5993-1994.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS 5993:1994 Specification for Cricket balls UDC 685.635.82-408.2:675-415 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:39:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5993:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 January 1995 © BSI 08-1999 First published August 1980 Second edition March 1987 Third edition January 1995 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCM/54 Draft for comment 93/302856 DC ISBN 0 580 23344 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee (TCM/-) to Technical Committee TCM/54, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Leather Confederation British Sports and Allied Industries Federation Cricket Council Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:39:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5993:1994 © BSI 08-1999i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Classification1 4Construction and manufacture1 5Conditioning and testing atmosphere2 6Performance requirements2 7Marking3 Annex A (normative) Sequence of testing5 Annex B (normative) Method for determination of circumference5 Annex C (normative) Method for determination of seam width5 Annex D (normative) Method for determination of the height of the seam and of the external stitching5 Annex E (normative) Method for determination of shape6 Annex F (normative) Method for determination of height of bounce6 Annex G (normative) Method for determination of hardness6 Annex H (normative) Impact resistance procedure7 Annex J (normative) Method for determination of wear resistance7 Figure 1 Stitching7 Figure 2 Circumference gauge8 Figure 3 Width across outer edges of seam8 Figure 4 Height of stitching and of seam8 Figure 5 Orientation of cricket ball for impact test9 Figure 6 Apparatus for determination of wear resistance9 Table 1 Circumference3 Table 2 Mass3 Table 3 Seam widths3 Table 4 Height of seam and of external stitching3 Table 5 Permissible changes in shape3 Table 6 Height of bounce3 Table 7 Hardness4 Table 8 Circumference of gauges6 List of references Inside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:39:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5993:1994 ii © BSI 08-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee. It supersedes BS 5993:1987 which is withdrawn. This new edition introduces technical changes to bring the standard up-to-date, but it does not reflect a full review or revision of the standard, which will be undertaken in due course. Differences between this standard and the previous edition are indicated by a vertical line in the margin. The standard specifies requirements for various grades and sizes of leather-covered cricket balls. The grading is intended to provide guidance to the purchaser as to the acceptability of the grades for given participation levels or uses within the game. The requirements specified are related to the use of cricket balls on pitches and in climatic conditions likely to be encountered in the United Kingdom. Product certification. Users of this British Standard are advised to consider the desirability of third party certification of product conformity with this British Standard based on testing and continuing product surveillance which may be coupled with assessment of a suppliers quality systems against the appropriate standard in the BS EN ISO 9000 series. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification schemes are forwarded by BSI to the Association of British Certification Bodies. If a third party certification scheme does not already exist, users should consider approaching an appropriate body from the list of Association members. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:39:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5993:1994 © BSI 08-19991 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements and describes methods of test for four grades and three sizes of leather-covered cricket balls. 2 Normative references This British Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are made at the appropriate places in the text and the cited publications are listed on the inside back cover. For dated references, only the edition cited applies; any subsequent amendments to or revisions of the cited publication apply to this British Standard only when incorporated in the reference by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the cited publication applies; together with any amendments. 3 Classification Each cricket ball shall be classified as one of the following grades: Grade 1 County Grade 1 League Grade 1 Club Grade 2; and as one of the following sizes: mens, womens or junior. NOTE 1Grade 1 League, grade 1 Club and grade 2 cricket balls are not considered satisfactory for use in first-class cricket matches. NOTE 2The word “mens”, “womens” or “junior” signifies that the dimensions and mass of the cricket ball are within the limits required by the laws of the game in relation to mens, womens and junior cricket matches respectively. 4 Construction and manufacture 4.1 General Each cricket ball shall comprise a cover made from two or four pieces of alum-tanned leather enclosing a core and shall conform to 4.2 to 4.4. NOTE 1The material of the core is not specified. NOTE 2The colour of the ball and external stitching are not specified in this standard. However normal Cricket Authority requirements are that the ball should be red, and that external stitching should be white or natural. 4.2 Covers 4.2.1 Grade 1 County, grade 1 League and grade 1 Club cricket balls 4.2.1.1 General Grade 1 County, grade 1 League and grade 1 Club cricket balls shall have covers which conform to either 4.2.1.2 or 4.2.1.3. 4.2.1.2 Cricket balls of conventional construction The cover shall be made in two halves. Each half shall comprise two pieces of leather joined together by a closing or quarter seam that shall be stitched internally. The two closing or quarter seams shall lie in planes at right angles to each other. The seams shall be sewn with a rosin-waxed thread of 1.5 mm nominal diameter and there shall be not less than 18 stitches in each seam. 4.2.1.3 Cricket balls of bonded construction The cover shall be made in two halves. Each half shall comprise leather joined together by a closing or quarter seam that shall be stitched internally. The two closing or quarter seams shall lie in planes at right angles to each other. For grade 1 County and grade 1 League balls the seams shall be sewn with a rosin-waxed thread of 1.5 mm nominal diameter and there shall be not less than 12 stitches in each seam. For grade 1 Club balls the seams shall be sewn with a rosin-waxed thread of 1.5 mm nominal diameter and there shall be not less than 8 stitches in each seam. 4.2.2 Grade 2 cricket balls The cover shall be made in two halves. Each half shall comprise either: a) two pieces of leather joined together in accordance with 4.2.1; or b) one piece of leather formed to the required shape. 4.3 External stitching 4.3.1 Grade 1 County and grade 1 League cricket balls 4.3.1.1 General The two halves of the cover shall be joined together around the core by three double rows of double stitching. With reference to Figure 1, these three double rows of double stitching shall be either: a) rows 1 and 6, 2 and 5, and 3 and 4; or b) rows 1 and 5, 2 and 6, and 3 and 4. The type of thread and number of stitches in each row for grade 1 County and grade 1 League cricket balls shall be as specified in 4.3.1.2 and 4.3.1.3 respectively. 4.3.1.2 Grade 1 County cricket balls The two outer double rows shall be stitched with a rosin-waxed linen thread of 1 mm nominal diameter. There shall be not less than 78 stitches and not more than 86 stitches in each row. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:39:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5993:1994 2 © BSI 08-1999 4.3.1.3 Grade 1 League cricket balls The two outer double rows shall be stitched with a rosin-waxed linen thread of 0.7 mm to 1 mm nominal diameter. There shall be not less than 60 stitches in each row. 4.3.2 Grade 1 Club and grade 2 cricket balls The balls shall conform to either a) or b). a) The two halves of the cover shall be joined together around the core by one double row of double stitching. With reference to Figure 1, this double row shall be rows 3 and 4. In addition, there shall be four single outer rows, or one double and two single outer rows, or two double outer rows (rows 1, 2, 5 and 6) of double stitching. b) The ball shall be of any bonded construction with the six rows (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) being of single stitching. The stitching shall be with a thread of 0.7 mm nominal diameter. There shall be not less than 55 stitches in each row. 4.4 Finish The finish on the outer surface of grade 1 County and grade 1 League cricket balls shall be a shellac type covering a dressing of buck fat or buck fat substitute consisting of approximately 75 % mineral wax and 25 % various animal oils and fats. The dressing material used in the process of manufacture shall have a setting point of not less than 40 °C. NOTEThe type of finish is not specified for grade 1 Club and grade 2 cricket balls and white cricket balls. 5 Conditioning and testing atmosphere Cricket balls shall be preconditioned for 24 h in an atmosphere of temperature 20 °C ± 2 °C and relative humidity 65 % ± 5 %. With the exception of determination of mass (see 6.3), testing shall be carried out in an atmosphere of temperature 20 °C ± 3 °C and relative humidity 60 % ± 15 %. 6 Performance requirements 6.1 General Each cricket ball shall conform to 6.2 to 6.10, except that the requirement in 6.5 applies to Grade 1 County cricket balls only. The tests called up in 6.6 to 6.10 shall be carried out in the sequence specified in Annex A. 6.2 Circumference When tested in accordance with the method described in Annex B, the circumference of the cricket ball shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. In addition, the distance between the appropriate minimum reference gauge and the unstitched surface of the ball shall not exceed 1.5 mm at any point. 6.3 Mass When measured immediately after preconditioning (see clause 5), the mass of the cricket ball shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2. 6.4 Width of seam When tested in accordance with the method described in Annex C, the width of seam of the cricket ball shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 3. 6.5 Height of seam and of external stitching (Grade 1 County cricket balls only) When tested in accordance with the method described in Annex D, the height of the seam and of external stitching of grade 1 County cricket balls shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 4. 6.6 Shape When tested in accordance with the method described in Annex E, the shape of the cricket ball shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 5. 6.7 Height of bounce When tested in accordance with the method described in Annex F, the height of bounce of the cricket ball shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 6. 6.8 Hardness When tested in accordance with the method described in Annex G, the hardness of the cricket ball shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 7. 6.9 Impact resistance The cricket ball shall be subjected to the impact resistance procedure in accordance with Annex H. 6.10 Wear resistance When tested in accordance with the method described in Annex J, there shall be no sign of any internal stitching, the cricket ball shall be evenly worn, and no opening of the seam or splitting of the cover shall be evident after visual inspection. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:39:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5993:1994 © BSI 08-19993 7 Marking Each cricket ball deemed to conform to the requirements of this standard shall be clearly marked with the following: a) the manufacturers name, trade mark or other means of identification; b) the number and date of this British Standard, i.e. BS 5993:19941); c) the grade of the cricket ball (i.e. grade 1 County, grade 1 League, grade 1 Club or grade 2); d) the size of the cricket ball (i.e. mens, womens or junior); e) the type of construction if other than conventional, viz. bonded. In the case of grade 1 County and grade 1 League cricket balls, the marking shall be of gold foil. Any marking on cricket balls shall be so placed that approximately equal areas of marking are on each half of the cover. Table 1 Circumference Table 2 Mass Table 3 Seam widths Table 4 Height of seam and of external stitching Table 5 Permissible changes in shape Table 6 Height of bounce 1) Marking BS 5993:1994 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is solely the claimants responsibility. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which may also be desirable. Grade Circumference Mens gameWomens game Junior game min.max.min.max.min.max. mmmmmmmmmmmm 1 County 224229 214224210220 1 League 220230 1 Club 2 Grade Mass Mens gameWomens game Junior game min.max.min.max.min.max. gggggg 1 County 156163 140150133143 1 League 1551651 Club 2 Grade Seam widthDeviation from mean (max.) min.max. mmmmmm 1 County19.521.0± 1.0 1 League 19.0 22.02± 1.0 1 Club 2 Grade Height of seam and of external stitching min.max. mmmm 1 County0.50.8 Grade Maximum changes in shape at testing stage (see Annex A) (a2)(d)(g)(j) mmmmmmmm 1 County 222 0 1 L