BS-5266-2-1998.pdf

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 5266 : Part 2 : 1998 ICS 91.160.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Emergency lighting Part 2. Code of practice for electrical low mounted way guidance systems for emergency use BS 5266 : Part 2 : 1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 February 1998 BSI 1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CPL/34/9 Draft for comment 94/209173 DC ISBN 0 580 29511 7 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CPL/34/9, Emergency lighting, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of British Theatre Technicians Association of Building Engineers Association of County Councils Association of Manufacturers of Power Generating Systems British Cable Makers Confederation British Fire Consortium Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Association Cinema Exhibitors' Association Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (Construction Sponsorship Directorate) Department of Trade and Industry (Consumer Safety Unit, CA Division) District Surveyors' Association Electrical Contractors' Association Electricity Association Engineering Industries Association GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Home Office Industry Committee for Emergency Lighting Ltd. (ICEL) Institute of Fire Prevention Officers Institute of Fire Safety Institution of Electrical Engineers Institution of Lighting Engineers Lighting Industry Federation Ltd. London Transport Marine Safety Agency National Illumination Committee of Great Britain National Inspection Council for Electrical Installation Contracting Photoluminescent Safety Products Association Tenpin Bowling Proprietors' Association Coopted members BS 5266 : Part 2 : 1998 BSI 1998i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Planning1 5Components1 6Design2 7Installation3 8Servicing and maintenance3 Figure 1Specific forms of emergency lighting3 List of referencesInside back cover ii BSI 1998 BS 5266 : Part 2 : 1998 Foreword This Part of BS 5266 has been prepared by Technical Committee CPL/34/9. This standard is supplementary to, and is intended to be used as an addition to, BS 5266 : Part 1 Code of practice for emergency lighting. The aim of this standard is to promote wider understanding of low mounted way guidance systems, to encourage uniformity of application and to give advice on their most effective use within buildings. These systems use a series of illuminated visual markers to assist in indicating the location of the escape routes and exits. They may be continuously illuminated or switched on either by failure of the normal lighting supply or by activation of the fire alarm system. Low mounted way guidance systems have been developed to conform to the general provisions of the emergency lighting luminaire product standard IEC 60598-2-22 and to be installed in accordance with the relevant principles of BS 5266 : Part 1. Owing to the developing nature of the technology, a review of this Part of BS 5266 will commence three years after the date of publication, as opposed to the usual five yearly review period. Compliance with this British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. BSI 19981 BS 5266 : Part 2 : 1998 Code of practice 1 Scope This Part of BS 5266 gives recommendations for the planning, design, installation and servicing of electrical low mounted way guidance systems, for use within emergency lighting systems. It is intended to cover the use of low mounted way guidance systems for use in premises where such use has been agreed by all interested parties including the enforcing authority. 2 Normative references This Part of BS 5266 incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are made at the appropriate places in the text and the cited publications are listed on the inside back cover. For dated references, only the edition cited applies; any subsequent amendments to or revisions of the cited publication apply to this Part of BS 5266 only when incorporated in the reference by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the cited publication applies, together with any amendments. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the definitions given in BS 5266 : Part 1 apply, together with the following. 3.1 low mounted way guidance system Low mounted luminous tracks positioned on escape routes in combination with exit indicators, exit marking and intermediate exit direction indicators along the route, provided for use when the supply to the normal lighting fails or on detection of smoke, which operate from an electrical supply independent of the normal supply under emergency conditions. 3.2 escape route markers Highly visible linear markers forming part of the way guidance system, provided to clearly delineate an escape route or define an escape path through an open area. 3.3 exit indicator An illuminated indicator forming part of the way guidance system, provided to clearly identify an exit. NOTE. It may be used with or without a supplementary sign mounted adjacent to the exit at low level for use when any overhead safety sign may be less effective or obscured. 3.4 exit marking That part of the way guidance system provided to clearly identify an exit by using the luminous marking to outline part or all of the exit surround. 3.5 intermediate information and exit direction indicators That part of the way guidance system provided to identify exit routes and to clearly indicate direction towards an exit. 3.6 point source A light source with an intensity distribution generated from a small section such as a filament or light emitting diode (LED), and having an overall luminous area of less than 100 mm2. 3.7 planar source An area light source having a predominantly uniform luminance across its surface. 4 Planning 4.1 Consultation The consultation recommendation given in 3.1 of BS 5266 : Part 1, and the provision of plans given in 3.2 of BS 5266 : Part 1 should be followed. In addition, the level of integration between low mounted way guidance, overhead emergency lighting and lighting of signage should be considered. 4.2 Selection of escape route Low mounted way guidance relies for its effectiveness on a row of visible markers along the escape route. It is therefore important that the following are identified on the plans: a) all routes suitable for use in an emergency; b) all exits on escape routes, such as intermediate doors, storey exits and final exits; c) all doors situated within the escape route and which do not form part of the means of escape; d) any route which crosses an open area and an appropriate form of marking for that route. 4.3 Modes of operation In certain fire conditions, it is possible that smoke could enter the escape route and obscure the vision of persons attempting to escape, even with the primary or emergency escape lighting in operation. It is therefore essential that the way guidance system should either be of maintained operation or be activated by the fire detection and/or alarm system. 5 Components Central power supply systems should be in accordance with the relevant clauses of BS 5266 : Part 1. Way guidance systems for use in hazardous areas as defined in IEC 79-10 should conform to BS EN 50014. Luminous sources should conform to the appropriate requirements of IEC 60598-2-22. As electrical components are mounted in exposed positions on or close to the floor they should have: a) a minimum degree of ingress protection of IP54 (dust proof/splash proof) in accordance with BS EN 60529 : 1992; b) adequate mechanical strength. The component should conform to the category of impact test requirements for road and street lighting luminaires as given in table 4.3 of BS EN 60598-1 : 1997. 2 BSI 1998 BS 5266 : Part 2 : 1998 6 Design 6.1 General Low mounted way guidance systems are intended to complement emergency escape lighting systems and should only be used as stand alone systems when they are in accordance with all the relevant recommendations of BS 5266 : Part 1. The inter-relationships of specific forms of emergency lighting are illustrated in figure 1. A low mounted way guidance system should be designed to ensure that the escape route is clearly marked with a visible line of light' (see 6.3). With the exception of stairs, it is essential that the lines of markers do not cross the route which is to be used in an emergency and do not cross the threshold of an exit. An exit's use should be reinforced by indicators or markers. Consideration should be given to extending the escape route markers up to door handle height adjacent to the exit or to completely outline the surround of the exit. For doors which are not used as a part of the escape route (e.g. cupboard doors), the visual line of the wall mounted marker system should be continued by introducing a floor mounted marker system past the doorway. An electrically powered illuminated indicator should be mounted at a level no higher than 1 m above the floor adjacent to any exit. In all cases the indicator should be sited as seen from the approach side of the exit and, in the case of doors, adjacent to the opening edge. NOTE. All exit signs provided in a premises to which the Health and Safety (Safety signs and signals) Regulations 1996 1 apply are subject to those regulations. Breaks may be necessary in the marker system when the escape route passes openings or intersecting corridors. Where such situations occur, breaks of up to 2 m in the marker system are acceptable. Changes in level should be delineated by wall mounted components indicating the pitchline of a flight of stairs or contour of each tread of a flight of stairs, single steps and ramps. The beginning, passage and end of the change of level needs to be clearly marked. Escape route marker systems incorporated into stair treads should be visible when either ascending or descending the stairs. Marking on the guarding or handrail can provide an additional orientation aid. 6.2 Mounting The escape route corridors should be indicated by rows of markers on the side of the route. For corridors wider than 2 m both sides of the escape route should be indicated. When the escape route crosses an open area, the location of the route should be indicated by two parallel lines of route markers. Wall mounted marker systems should normally be mounted no higher than 300 mm above floor level. Floor mounted marker systems should normally be mounted within 150 mm of the side of the escape route. 6.3 Gaps Luminous elements within the lines of the marker system should be as continuous as possible. The following gaps are acceptable. a) The gaps between point sources should be 300 mm or less. b) The gaps between luminous planar sources should be 400 mm or less, provided the luminous elements are greater in length than the gap. The breadth of the luminous elements should be at least 5 mm. Failure of any one light source, circuit or luminous component should not result in the overall system becoming ineffective. In the event of such a failure the resulting gap between luminous components should be not greater than 1.3 m. NOTE. It may be necessary to take redundancy of light sources into account in the design of the marker system. 6.4 Colour The marker light source should be predominantly either white or green. 6.5 Luminance performance Components using point sources should have a minimum peak intensity of 30 mcd. The intensity distribution should be appropriate to the viewing angles during escape, i.e.: a) for escape route markers: 608 from the mounting surface in the direction of the evacuee; b) for exit markers: 908 from the mounting surface in the direction of the evacuee. Components using planar sources should have a minimum surface luminance of 10 cd/m2. The luminance should be appropriate to the viewing angles during escape, i.e. any angle between 658 either side of the perpendicular to the source. NOTE. In general for a given size of light source, the greater the intensity or luminance, the longer the visibility distance will be, particularly in the presence of smoke. It is also likely that components having higher intensity or luminance values will be more effective in conditions where the normal lighting is still operating. When the low mounted way guidance system is activated by smoke/fire detectors consideration should be given to the use of higher peak intensities and surface luminances to provide enhanced performance in the presence of smoke. BSI 19983 BS 5266 : Part 2 : 1998 Figure 1. Specific forms of emergency lighting 6.6 Response time The luminous performance recommended in 6.5 should be achieved in emergency mode operation at the end of the duration and the end of the life of the battery system. The minimum luminous performance recommended in 6.5 should be reached within 5 s of the system being switched on. The minimum duration is given in BS 5266 : Part 1. 6.7 Indicator dimensions Low mounted indicators should have a minimum symbol height of 30 mm. 7 Installation The system wiring between components should conform to the relevant requirements of BS 7671 and should be in accordance with BS 5266 : Part 1. Cables from a power supply to a luminous element should be wired in a parallel loop or ring circuit within each fire compartment. 8 Servicing and maintenance Maintenance of the system should be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and particular care should be taken in cleaning the surfaces of the luminous elements. Testing of the system should be carried out in accordance with BS 5266 : Part 1 and BS 7671. 4blank BSI 1998 BS 5266 : Part 2 : 1998 List of references(see clause 2) Normative references BSI publications BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, London BS 5266 :Emergency lighting BS 5266 : Part 1 : 1998Code of practice for the emergency lighting of premises other than cinemas and certain other specified premises used for entertainment BS 7671 : 1992Requirements for electrical installations. IEE Wiring Regulations. Sixteenth edition BS EN 50014 : 1993Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmo