ISO-1873-2-2007.pdf

Reference number ISO 1873-2:2007(E) © ISO 2007 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1873-2 Third edition 2007-09-01 Plastics Polypropylene (PP) moulding and extrusion materials Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties Plastiques Polypropylène (PP) pour moulage et extrusion Partie 2: Préparation des éprouvettes et détermination des propriétés ISO 1873-2:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. 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ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii © ISO 2007 All rights reserved -,-,- ISO 1873-2:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 1873-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 9, Thermoplastic materials. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 1873-2:1997), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 1873-2:1997/Amd.1:2000. ISO 1873 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Polypropylene (PP) moulding and extrusion materials: Part 1: Designation system and basis for specifications Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1873-2:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Plastics Polypropylene (PP) moulding and extrusion materials Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties 1 Scope This part of ISO 1873 specifies the methods of preparation of test specimens and the test methods to be used in determining the properties of PP moulding and extrusion materials. Requirements for handling test material and for conditioning both the test material before moulding and the specimens before testing are given. Procedures and conditions for the preparation of test specimens and procedures for measuring properties of the materials from which these specimens are made are given. Properties and test methods which are suitable and necessary to characterize PP moulding and extrusion materials are listed. The properties have been selected from the general test methods in ISO 10350-1. Other test methods in wide use for, or of particular significance to, these moulding and extrusion materials are also included in this part of ISO 1873, as are the designatory properties specified in Part 1. In order to obtain reproducible and comparable test results, it is necessary to use the methods of preparation and conditioning, the specimen dimensions and the test procedures specified herein. Values determined will not necessarily be identical to those obtained using specimens of different dimensions or prepared using different procedures. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 62, Plastics Determination of water absorption ISO 75-2, Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 2: Plastics and ebonite ISO 178, Plastics Determination of flexural properties ISO 179-1, Plastics Determination of Charpy impact properties Part 1: Non-instrumented impact test ISO 179-2, Plastics Determination of Charpy impact properties Part 2: Instrumented impact test ISO 293, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials ISO 294-1, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 1: General principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens ISO 294-3, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 3: Small plates -,-,- ISO 1873-2:2007(E) 2 © ISO 2007 All rights reserved ISO 294-4, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 4: Determination of moulding shrinkage ISO 527-2, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics ISO 899-1, Plastics Determination of creep behaviour Part 1: Tensile creep ISO 1133:2005, Plastics Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow rate (MVR) of thermoplastics ISO 1183-1, Plastics Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pyknometer method and titration method ISO 1183-2, Plastics Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics Part 2: Density gradient column method ISO 1183-3, Plastics Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics Part 3: Gas pyknometer method ISO 1628-3, Plastics Determination of the viscosity of polymers in dilute solution using capillary viscometers Part 3: Polyethylenes and polypropylenes ISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimens by machining ISO 3167, Plastics Multipurpose test specimens ISO 4589-2, Plastics Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index Part 2: Ambient-temperature test ISO 6603-2, Plastics Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics Part 2: Instrumented impact testing ISO 8256, Plastics Determination of tensile-impact strength ISO 10350-1, Plastics Acquisition and presentation of comparable single-point data Part 1: Moulding materials ISO 11357-2, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 2: Determination of glass transition temperature ISO 11357-3, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 3: Determination of temperature and enthalpy of melting and crystallization ISO 11359-2, Plastics Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) Part 2: Determination of coefficient of linear thermal expansion and glass transition temperature ISO 16152, Plastics Determination of xylene-soluble matter in polypropylene IEC 60093, Methods of test for volume resistivity and surface resistivity of solid electrical insulating materials IEC 60112, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of solid insulating materials IEC 60243-1, Electrical strength of insulating materials Test methods Part 1: Tests at power frequencies IEC 60250, Recommended methods for the determination of the permittivity and dielectric dissipation factor of electrical insulating materials at power, audio and radio frequencies including metre wavelengths -,-,- ISO 1873-2:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 IEC 60296, Fluids for electrotechnical applications Unused mineral insulating oils for transformers and switchgear IEC 60695-11-10, Fire hazard testing Part 11-10: Test flames 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods ASTM D 5420, Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimen by Means of a Striker Impacted by a falling Weight (Gardner Impact) 3 Preparation of test specimens 3.1 General It is essential that specimens are always prepared by the same procedure (either injection moulding or compression moulding), using the same processing conditions. The procedure to be used for each test method is indicated in Tables 3 and 4 (M = injection moulding, Q = compression moulding). 3.2 Treatment of the material before moulding Before processing, no pre-treatment of the material sample is normally necessary. 3.3 Injection moulding Injection-moulded specimens shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 294-1 or ISO 294-3, using the conditions specified in Table 1. Work which has been carried out indicates that rectangular bar test specimens machined from the central part of ISO 3167 type A specimens give better precision than specimens injection- moulded directly to their final dimensions from ISO 294-1 type B moulds, and so the use of type A geometry is preferable. NOTE Details of the work can be found at the following URL: http:/standards.iso.org/iso/1873/-2 An appropriate hold pressure, consistent with the production of blemish-free mouldings, shall be used. Table 1 Conditions for injection moulding of test specimens Material Melt temperature Mould temperature Average injection velocity Hold pressure time Total cycle time °C °C mm/s s s MFR 1,5 times the original value shall be avoided with such materials. If the MFR increases by more than 1,5 times the original value, the melt temperature shall be lowered, 10 °C at a time, until the increase in MFR is 10 %: test speed 50 mm/min. 2.8 Etc1 At 1 h 2.9 Tensile creep modulus Etc103 ISO 899-1 ISO 3167 MPa At 1 000 h Strain u 0,5 %. 2.10 Flexural modulus Ef ISO 178 80 × 10 × 4 MPa Test speed 2 mm/min. 2.11 Charpy impact strength ac 80 × 10 × 4 Edgewise impact, method 1eU. Also record type of failure. 2.12 Charpy notched impact strength acA ISO 179-1 or ISO 179-2 80 × 10 × 4 Machined V-notch, r = 0,25 kJ/m2 Edgewise impact, method 1eA. Also record type of failure. 2.13 Tensile notched impact strength atI ISO 8256 80 × 10 × 4 Machined double V-notch, r = 1 kJ/m2 Only to be quoted if fracture cannot be obtained with notched Charpy test. 2.14 Puncture energy WP J 2.15 Maximum puncture force FM ISO 6603-2 60 × 60 × 2 M N Striker velocity 4,4 m/s. Striker diameter 20 mm. Support ring diameter 40 mm. Lubricate the striker. Clamp the specimen sufficiently to prevent any out-of-plane movement of its outer regions. -,-,- ISO 1873-2:2007(E) 6 © ISO 2007 All rights reserved Table 3 (continued) Property Symbol Standard Specimen type (dimensions in mm) Specimen preparationa Unit Test conditions and supplementary instructions 3 Thermal properties 3.1 Melting temperature Tm ISO 11357-3 Record peak melting temperature. Use 10 °C/min heating/cooling rate. 3.2 Glass transition temperature Tg ISO 11357-2 Moulding compound °C Record midpoint temperature. Use 10 °C/min heating/cooling rate. 3.3 Tf 1,8 1,8 3.4 Temperature of deflection under load Tf 0,45 ISO 75-2 80 × 10 × 4 °C Maximum surface stress (MPa) 0,45 Use flatwise loading. 3.5 p Parallel 3.6 Coefficient of linear thermal expansion n ISO 11359-2 Prepared from ISO 3167 °C1 Transverse Record the secant value over the temperature range 23 °C to 55 °C. 3.7 B50/1,5 125 × 13 × 1,5 3.8 Burning behaviour B50/h IEC 60695-11-10 Thickness h greater than 1,5 mm Record one of the classifications V-0, V-1, V-2, HB, HB40 or HB75. 3.9 Oxygen index ISO 4589-2 80 × 10 × 4 M % Use procedure A (top surface ignition). 4 Electrical propertiesc 4.1 r 100 100 Hz 4.2 Relative permittivity r 1M 1 MHz 4.3 tan 100 100 Hz 4.4 Dissipation factor tan 1M IEC 60250 1 MHz Compensate for electrode edge effects. 4.5 Volume resistivity e ·m Measure value at 1 minute. 4.6 Surface resistivity e IEC 60093 W 60 × W 60 × 2 Voltage 500 V Use contacting line electrodes 1 mm to 2 mm wide, 50 mm long and 5 mm apart. 4.7 Electric strength EB1 IEC 60243-1 W 60 × W 60 × 1 M/Q kV/ mm Use 20-mm-diameter spherical electrodes. Immerse in transformer oil in accordance with IEC 60296. Use a voltage application rate of 2 kV/s. 4.8 Comparative tracking index CTI-A IEC 60112 W 20 × W 20 × 4 M Use solution A. 5 Other properties 5.1 ww Saturation value in water at 23 °C. 5.2 Water absorption wH ISO 62 60 × 60 × 1 M/Q % Equilibrium value at 23 °C, 50 % RH. 5.3 Density ISO 1183-1 or ISO 1183-2 or ISO 1183-3 Use part of centre of multipurpose test specimen M kg/m3 a M = Injection moulding, Q = Compression moulding. b Reference: P. Zoller, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 23, pp. 1051-1061, 1979. c Electrical properties are generally affected by the relative humidity. They shall therefore be measured in a standard atmosphere of 23 °C ± 2 °C and (50 ± 10) % relative humidity. -,-,- ISO 1873-2:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved 7 Table 4 Additional properties and test conditions of particular utility to PP moulding and extrusion materials Property Symbol Standard Specimen type (dimensions in mm) Specimen preparationa Unit Test conditions and supplementary instructions 1 Reduced viscosity I ISO 1628-3 Moulding compound ml/g 2 Gardner impact strength MFE ASTM D 5420 3,2 mm thick M J Method GC. 3 Xylene-soluble fraction Ss ISO 16152 Moulding compound % a M = Injection moulding. ISO 1873-2:2007(E) ICS 83.080.20 Price based on 7 pages © ISO 2007 All rights reserved