ISO-18413-2002.pdf

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18413 First edition 2002-10-01 Reference number ISO 18413:2002(E) © ISO 2002 Hydraulic fluid power Cleanliness of parts and components Inspection document and principles related to contaminant collection, analysis and data reporting Transmissions hydrauliques Propreté des pièces et composants Documents de contrôle et principes d'extraction et d'analyse des polluants et d'expression des résultats ISO 18413:2002(E) ii© ISO 2002 All rights reserved PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. © ISO 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ISO 18413:2002(E) © ISO 2002 All rights reserved iii Contents Page 1Scope . 1 2Normative references . 1 3Terms and definitions 1 4Inspection document principles 3 5Contaminant collection principles . 4 6Contaminant analysis principles . 6 7Data reporting principles 7 8Selection guidelines 8 9Criterion for acceptance . 8 10Identification statement (reference of this International Standard) . 8 Annexes AContaminant collection principles Agitation method. 11 BContaminant collection principles Pressure rinse method . 13 CContaminant collection principles Ultrasonic vibration method 16 DContaminant collection principles End use simulation . 18 EContaminant analysis and data reporting principles. 21 FTest stand for end use simulation Design guidelines 23 GEquivalent spherical area of complex enclosed surfaces . 26 Bibliography. 28 -,-,- ISO 18413:2002(E) iv© ISO 2002 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 18413 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC 6, Contamination control and hydraulic fluids. Annexes A to G of this International Standard are for information only. ISO 18413:2002(E) © ISO 2002 All rights reserved v Introduction In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a pressurized liquid within an enclosed circuit. Contaminants present in the circulating working liquid may degrade system performance. One method of reducing the amount of these contaminants within the system is to clean parts and components prior to final assembly. Accurate assessment of the effectiveness of part and component cleanliness requires documentation of both the cleanliness requirement and the methods used for contaminant collection, analysis, and data reporting. -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 18413:2002(E) © ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1 Hydraulic fluid power Cleanliness of parts and components Inspection document and principles related to contaminant collection, analysis and data reporting 1Scope This International Standard specifies the content of an inspection document that includes both the cleanliness requirement for the specified part or component and the inspection method to be used for evaluating its cleanliness level. The cleanliness requirement and inspection method shall be established and agreed upon by the parties involved. NOTE 1Determination of what constitutes an appropriate cleanliness level requirement for any particular part or component is beyond the scope of this International Standard. NOTE 2For the purposes of this International Standard, approved functional liquids are considered to be components. This International Standard is applicable to the wetted surfaces of any fluid power system part or component. Appearance defects and contamination by liquid or gaseous materials are not covered by this International Standard. This International Standard does not address safety problems that may arise from hazardous materials, operations and equipment associated with its use. The user of this International Standard is responsible for establishing appropriate safety and health practices and determining the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 4405, Hydraulic fluid power Fluid contamination Determination of particulate contamination by the gravimetric method ISO 4407, Hydraulic fluid power Fluid contamination Determination of particulate contamination by the counting method using an optical microscope ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components Vocabulary ISO 11500, Hydraulic fluid power Determination of particulate contamination by automatic counting using the light extinction principle 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5598 and the following apply. -,-,- ISO 18413:2002(E) 2© ISO 2002 All rights reserved 3.1 component cleanliness amount or nature of contaminant collected from the wetted or controlled surfaces of a component, as measured by an applicable analysis method 3.2 contaminant loose or detachable solid material present in a part or component or on a wetted or controlled surface of a part or component NOTEFor the purposes of this International Standard, contaminants include solid material suspended in liquids, but exclude liquids and gases. This definition differs from ISO 5598 in its exclusion of liquids and gases. 3.3 controlled surface wetted surface of a part or component that is subject to a cleanliness requirement 3.4 controlled volume wetted volume of a part or component that is subject to a cleanliness requirement 3.5 end-point sample last sample in a series of repetitive samples, which produces a result that is of the sum of the previous samples 3.6 inspection document written description of the part or component cleanliness requirement and the agreed inspection method 3.7 inspection method procedure for contaminant collection, analysis and data reporting that is used to evaluate part or component cleanliness as specified by the inspection document 3.8 part cleanliness amount or nature of contaminant collected from the wetted or controlled surfaces of a part, as measured by an applicable analysis method 3.9 purchaser party that stipulates the requirements of a machine, equipment, system, part or component and judges whether the product satisfies those requirements 3.10 representative sample material collected such that it is typical of the amount and nature of the contaminant contained in or on a part or component 3.11 supplier party that contracts to provide the product(s) to satisfy the purchaser's requirements 3.12 test liquid suitable liquid of known initial cleanliness used to remove, suspend and collect contaminant from a part or component which shall be compatible with the part or component being tested and the apparatus used ?10 % ISO 18413:2002(E) © ISO 2002 All rights reserved 3 3.13 validation process by which a test method evaluates the efficiency of the contaminant removal process or confirms that a laboratory analysis instrument is operating properly NOTEThis definition differs from ISO 8402:1994 (withdrawn in 2000) because, in this case, validation addresses the test method or laboratory analysis instrument, whereas in ISO 8402:1994 validation addresses the final product. 3.14 wetted surface surface area of the part or component that is exposed to system liquid 4Inspection document principles 4.1Content This International Standard specifies the content of the inspection document, not its format. The inspection document may exist as a single document or as a series of related documents. Regardless of format, the inspection document shall clearly identify the part or component cleanliness requirement and the agreed inspection method. 4.2Part or component cleanliness requirement The inspection document shall define the part or component cleanliness requirement. The cleanliness requirement should be consistent with the known and/or anticipated function or application of the part or component. Typical reference sources for consideration in determining the cleanliness requirement for a particular part or component include: historical data; existing company, industry, national, and international standards; functional performance, reliability, and durability requirements of the part or component; and data on similar parts or components. The part or component cleanliness requirement shall be established and agreed upon by the parties involved. NOTEDetermination of what constitutes an appropriate cleanliness level requirement for any particular part or component is beyond the scope of this International Standard. 4.3Inspection method 4.3.1The inspection document shall define the inspection method to be used to evaluate part or component cleanliness. The inspection method shall be established and agreed upon by the parties involved. The inspection method should be consistent with the design and the cleanliness requirement of the part or component. 4.3.2The inspection document shall define appropriate parameters applicable to collecting contaminant, conducting analyses, and reporting results. Typical reference sources for consideration in determining the agreed inspection method include: previously used methods of contaminant collection, analysis and data reporting; existing company, industry, national, and international standards; functional, reliability and durability requirements of the part or component; and methods used on similar parts or components. ISO standards should be used when these are available. If ISO standards are not available, national, industry and company standards may be used, in that order of preference. 4.4Effectivity The inspection document shall become effective upon mutual agreement between the parties involved, both of which shall maintain a copy of the applicable inspection document. 4.5Conformance 4.5.1Unless otherwise stated in the inspection document, 4.5.2 and 4.5.3 shall apply. ISO 18413:2002(E) 4© ISO 2002 All rights reserved 4.5.2All parts or components shall meet the specified cleanliness requirement when evaluated by the agreed inspection method. 4.5.3Inspection of all parts and components may not be required. It is possible that some parts or components are required to meet a specified cleanliness level and that other parts or components have no cleanliness requirements. NOTEDevelopment and incorporation of cost-effective cleaning methods are encouraged as part of the normal manufacturing process. An audit process is commonly used to monitor conformance to dimensional, cleanliness and functional requirements. 4.6Conformance verification 4.6.1Conformance to part or component cleanliness requirements may be verified either by the use of industry- accepted statistical sampling methods or by joint purchaser-supplier monitoring of the inspection processes. 4.6.2Verification of test results requires special care because differences in methods of contaminant collection or analysis of the same part or component will affect the results obtained. In addition, because the contaminant collection process results in cleaning of the part or component used as a test item, that same test item shall not be reused for subsequent conformance verification. 4.7Additional information 4.7.1Unless otherwise agreed by purchaser and supplier, 4.7.2 to 4.7.5 shall apply. 4.7.2The inspection document shall specify both the required cleanliness level for the part or component and the scope of its applicability. The points in the process at which the cleanliness requirement applies shall be stated in the inspection document. Because prolonged or improper storage of parts or components may result in the introduction of new contaminants, such as oxidation products, the inspection document should, when applicable, address these factors. 4.7.3Temporary shipping covers are excluded from the inspection process; however, any contaminants contributed by such covers shall be included in the evaluation of part and component cleanliness. 4.7.4Contaminants contributed by such defects as nicks, blemishes and disco