SAE-ARP-5602-3-2007.pdf
_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright © 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org ARP5602/3 AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE Issued 2007-06 A Guideline for Aerospace Platform Fiber Optic Training and Awareness Education Aerospace Fiber Optics Fabricator Knowledge Competencies RATIONALE The aerospace industry has always required the highest standards of workmanship to be maintained. To ensure that the aerospace fiber optics industry adopts these same high standards, its essential that minimum training and certification requirements be established. This document outlines the minimum training requirements for all personnel working as aerospace fiber optics fabricators in accordance with aerospace industry best practices. 1. SCOPE This document establishes training guidelines applicable to fiber optic fabricator technical training for individuals involved in the manufacturing, installation, support, integration and testing of fiber optic systems. Applicable personnel include: Managers Engineers Technicians Trainers/Instructors Third Party Maintenance Agencies Quality Assurance Production Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:42:22 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5602/3 - 2 - 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. ARP5601 Guidelines for Testing and Support of Aerospace, Fiber Optic, Inter-Connect Systems 2.2 ANSI Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642- 4900, www.ansi.org. ANSI Z136.1-200 American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers ANSI Z136.2-1997 American National Standard for the Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication Systems Utilizing Laser Diode and LED Sources ANSI/TIA-440-B-2004 Fiber Optic Terminology 2.3 ARINC Publications Available from ARINC, 2551 Riva Road, Annapolis, MD 21401, www.arinc.com. ARINC Report 806 Fiber Optic Installation and Maintenance Procedures 2.4 IEC Publications Available from International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembe, P.O. Box 131, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +44-22-919-02-11, www.iec.ch. IEC 60825-1 Laser Safety Equipment Classification (Safety of laser products) IEC 60825-2 Safety of Optical Fibre Communication Systems IEC 60825-4 Laser Guards 2.5 NASA Publications Available from NASA, Documentation, Marshall Space Flight Center, AL 35812, www.nas.nasa.gov. NASA-STD-8739.5 Fiber Optic Terminations, Cable Assemblies, and Installation Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:42:22 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5602/3 - 3 - 2.6 NAVAIR Publications Available from Commanding Officer, Naval Air Technical Data and Engineering Service Command, Naval Air Station, North Island, P.O. Box 357031, Building 90, Distribution, San Diego, CA 92135-7031. NAVAIR 01-1A-505.4 Installation and Testing Practices Aircraft Fiber Optic Cabling 2.7 U.S. Government Publications Available from the Document Automation and Production Service (DAPS), Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6257, http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. FED-STD-1037C Glossary of Telecommunications Terms MIL-PRF-29504B Termini, Fiber Optic Connector, Removable, General Specification for MIL-PRF-29504/4D Termini, Fiber Optic, Connector, Removable, Environmental Resisting, Pin Terminus, Size 16, Rear Release, MIL-DTL-38999, Series III MIL-PRF-29504/5D Termini, Fiber Optic, Connector, Removable, Environmental Resisting, Socket Terminus, Size 16, Rear Release, MIL-DTL-38999, Series MIL-DTL-38999K Connectors, Electrical, Circular, Miniature, High Density, Quick Disconnect (Bayonet, Threaded, and Breech Coupling), Environmental Resistant, Removable Crimp and Hermetic Solder Contacts, General Specification for 2.8 Other Applicable References Understanding Fiber Optics, Jeff Hecht, ISBN 0-13-956145-5 Fiber Optics Installer and Technician Guide, Bill Woodward, ISBN 0-7821-4390-3 3. HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT This document is intended to be used as a guideline for all persons conducting aerospace fiber optics fabricator training. This training document is broken into 16 major categories. Each category contains detailed training competencies. The detailed training competencies describe the level of knowledge each student should have about that particular item. 1. INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE FIBER OPTICS 1.1 Explain the historical evolution of fiber optic technology 1.2 Explain the harsh environments of fiber optic technology in aeronautical and space applications 2. PRINCIPLES OF FIBER OPTIC TRANSMISSION 2.1 Describe the basic parts of a fiber optic link 2.2 Describe the basic operation of a fiber optic transmitter 2.3 Describe the basic operation of a fiber optic receiver 2.4 Describe how the decibel is used to compare relative power levels (dB) 2.5 Describe how the decibel is used to measure absolute power (dBm) Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:42:22 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5602/3 - 4 - 3. SAFETY AWARENESS 3.1 Explain personnel and platform safety issues including foreign object damage (FOD) and equipment damage 3.2 Describe the best practices associated with the safe handling of fiber materials and hand tools 3.3 Describe how to properly dispose of fiber optic waste 3.4 Explain how to properly handle hazardous materials and the purpose of a material safety data sheet (MSDS) 3.5 Describe emergency procedures 4. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF LIGHT 4.1 Compare wavelength and frequency, and demonstrate how to calculate one when the other is known 4.2 Explain light wave and light particle theory 4.3 Describe the electromagnetic and light spectrum 4.4 Describe refraction 4.5 Explain reflection to include angle of incidence, critical angle, and angle of refraction 4.6 Explain how the index of refraction is used to describe the speed of light through a transparent material 4.7 Describe angle of incidence 4.8 Explain Fresnel reflections and how they can impact the performance of a fiber optic communication system 4.9 Explain Snells law 5. OPTICAL FIBER CONSTRUCTION AND THEORY 5.1 Describe basic optical fiber manufacturing techniques 5.2 Describe the core of an optical fiber 5.3 Describe the cladding of an optical fiber 5.4 Describe the different types of optical fiber coatings specific to aerospace applications 5.5 Describe mode in an optical fiber 5.6 Describe the three refractive index profiles commonly found in optical fiber 5.7 Explain how an optical fiber is categorized by modes and refractive index profiles 6. OPTICAL FIBER CHARACTERISTICS 6.1 Describe modal dispersion and its effects on the bandwidth of an optical fiber 6.2 Describe material dispersion and its effects on the bandwidth of an optical fiber 6.3 Describe waveguide dispersion and its effects on the bandwidth of an optical fiber Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:42:22 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5602/3 - 5 - 6.4 Describe the causes of attenuation in an optical fiber 6.5 Describe the numerical aperture of an optical fiber 6.6 Describe the cone of acceptance 6.7 Describe microbends in an optical fiber 6.8 Describe macrobends in an optical fiber 6.9 Define tensile strength 6.10 Define bend radius limitations 7. FIBER OPTIC SOURCES 7.1 List safety classifications of fiber optic lights sources 7.2 Describe the basic operation and output pattern of an LED 7.3 Describe the basic operation and output pattern of a laser 8. FIBER OPTIC DETECTORS 8.1 Describe the basic operation of a photodiode 8.2 Describe the performance characteristics of PIN and APD photodiodes 8.3 Explain the effects of saturation on detectors 9. AEROSPACE FIBER OPTIC CABLES (UNTERMINATED) 9.1 Draw a cross section of a simplex aerospace fiber optic cable and explain the purpose of each segment 9.1.1 Draw and dimension a cross section of a simplex 100/140 µm multimode aerospace fiber optic cable 9.1.2 Draw and dimension a cross section of a simplex 5.8/125 µm single-mode aerospace fiber optic cable 9.1.3 Explain the purpose of each subcomponent 9.1.4 Identify the materials used in each subcomponent 9.2 Explain loose structure 9.2.1 Explain the low temperature advantages of loose structure over tight structure 9.2.2 Explain the pull proof capability of loose structure 9.2.3 Explain the bend radius characteristics 9.3 Explain tight structure 9.3.1 Explain the bend radius advantages of tight structure over loose structure 9.3.2 Explain the crushability advantages of tight structure over loose structure Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:42:22 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5602/3 - 6 - 9.4 Explain loose buffer tube 9.5 Explain tight buffer 9.6 Describe tensile strength properties 9.6.1 Describe how to interpret the manufacturers short term and long term tensile strength specifications 9.6.2 Describe the reduction in tensile strength after termination 9.6.3 Describe the reduction in tensile strength when the cable is bent 9.7 Describe common strength members used in aerospace and contrast with telecommunications 9.7.1 Describe the difference between aramid yarn and fiberglass 9.7.2 Describe longitudinal, helical, and braided strength member lay 9.8 Describe common jacket materials used in aerospace and contrast with telecommunications 9.8.1 Describe the stiffness differences between PVC and fluoropolymers 9.8.2 Describe the shrinkage properties of fluoropolymers and PVC 9.8.3 Describe the out gassing characteristics of fluoropolymers and PVC 9.8.4 Describe the memory properties of fluoropolymers and PVC 9.9 Explain installation and operating bend radius 9.9.1 Describe how to interpret the manufacturers bend radius specifications 9.9.2 Explain the tensile stressed and non-tensile stressed short-term bend radius limitations 9.9.3 Explain the tensile stressed and non-tensile stressed long-term bend radius limitations 9.10 Describe simplex, duplex, and multi-fiber cables 9.10.1 Explain the difference between a single multi-fiber cable and a cable assembly/harness made up of simplex fiber optic cables 9.11 Describe ribbon cables 9.11.1 Explain the difference between enclosed and non-enclosed strength members 9.12 Explain variations in the aerospace industry of cable color codes and markings 9.12.1 Explain that color codes are platform specific 9.12.2 Explain the cable markings and labels are used to distinguish fiber optic cables from copper cables Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:42:22 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5602/3 - 7 - 10. AEROSPACE FIBER OPTIC INTERCONNECTS (UNTERMINATED) 10.1 Describe the basic components of a single fiber connector and multi-fiber interconnect 10.1.1 Compare and contrast single fiber connector differences in the ferrule, connector body, spring mechanism, keying, alignment sleeve, ferrule contact and non-contact design between the FC pull-proof, ST, and FSMA-905 10.1.2 Compare and contrast multi-fiber connector differences in the termini, connector body, insert (front and rear release), spring mechanism, keying, alignment sleeve, coupling nut, jack screw, environmental seals, ferrule contact and non-contact design between the MT, ARINC 600, and MIL-DTL-38999 10.1.3 Describe how to interpret the manufacturers maximum attenuation, mating cycles, back reflection, and environmental specifications 10.2 Describe ferrule materials/composition 10.2.1 Describe the differences between ceramic, metallic, and hybrid (jeweled and metallic/ceramic) ferrule materials/composition 10.2.2 Describe internal and external ferrule dimensions 10.2.3 Explain the difference between a chamfer ferrule and a non-chamfered ferrule 10.3 Describe how intrinsic factors can affect connector performance 10.3.1 Explain how ferrule imperfections and variations affect connector performance 10.3.2 Explain how alignment sleeve imperfections and variations affect connector performance 10.4 Describe how extrinsic factors can affect connector performance 10.4.1 Explain how termini/connector imperfections and variations affect connector performance 10.4.2 Explain how alignment sleeve imperfections and variations affect connector performance 10.5 Describe ferrule endfaces and characteristics 10.5.1 Describe the geometry and performance characteristics
