必修五 3.9《Unit 3　Words and phrases》 .ppt

新课标人教版课件系列,高中英语 必修5-3.9,Important Words & Phrases,1. Now think about what changes you might expect to find in the next one thousand years. 现在你考虑一下, 一千年之后你料想会发生什么变化。,Important words and phrases.,expect (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事 I expect to be back within a week. I didnt expect him to stay so long. hope to do something 希望做某事 Joans hoping to study law at Harvard.,wish wish to do something 希望做某事 I wish to make a complaint. wish somebody something 希望某人 We wish them every happiness in their new home.,2. by horse or by simple vehicle such as a carriage 骑马还是乘像四轮马车这样的普通交通工具 such as 如, 像这样的,辨析: such as 与for example such as用来列举事物,常用在列举的事物和前面的名词之间,但是所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提事物的总数,否则应用that is或namely；,for example主要用来列举说明,一般只列举同类人或事物中的“一个”,其位置比较灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末,用标点符号隔开, 而such as只能放在所列举事物之前。,He knows several languages, such as English, French and German. 他懂几种语言, 像英语、法语和德语。 Some students, for example, John, lives in the neighborhood. 有些学生, 比如约翰, 住在这个地区。,3. made of wood and mud; no bathrooms 用木头和泥做的; 没有浴室 be made of 由制造 This knife is made of metal and woods. 这把刀是由金属和木头合制而成的。,辨析: be made of (from) 与be made into be made of “由制成”表示能看出原材料来的;be made from “由制成”,表示看不出原材料的;be made into “把制成”, 其宾语是“成品”;而 be made of (from) 的宾语是材料 be made up of 由制成 make out 辨认出, 看出,理解,了解 make up for 补偿, 弥补,4. I still cannot believe that I am taking up my prize that was won last year. 我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。,When does the new manager take up his job? Sorry , I have taken up you too much time. He wants to take up art in college. He decided to take up photography as his career. Do you intend to take up his offer of a job?,开始某项工作,占用(时间或空间),选修,从事,接受,office apart in it easy take back down notes away aim,就职,拆开,吸收，留宿,别着急,收回,取下,记下,作笔记,拿走,瞄准,out notice of it for granted hold of take steps to do sth sb as, advantage of a deep breath,拿出,注意,想当然的认为,抓住,采取措施做某事,把某人当作,利用,深呼吸,pride in ones chance trouble to do sth take over pity on sb turns to do sth,以为荣,碰运气,不辞劳苦去做某事,接管,怜悯某人,轮流去做某事,take up 举起, 拿起, 抬起; 对有兴趣;从属于;占据时间、空间 John took up writing at school. The work took up a whole day. Please take the piano out, it _too much room. A. picks up B. makes up C. takes up D. takes on,5. I have to constantly rub my eyes to remind myself that I have travelled to the year AD 3005. 我得不断擦拭自己的眼睛来提醒自己, 我已到了公元3005年。,remind sb. of/about sth. 使某人想起某事 reminded her of college days. 使她回想起了大学里的日子 remind sb. to do sth 提醒某人做某事 must remind him to call 必须让他记着打电话,区别: remind, remember, recall remind 指“由于受到提醒或启发而想起往事” remember指“过去的事情仍在记忆中, 不必费劲就能想起”, 记住recall 较 remember 正式, 指“对自己或他人的 过去进行有意义的回忆”。,6. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. 我很担心这次旅行, 所以头几天心里总是不踏实。 worried about the journey 为过去分词作状语,在此处作原因状语。 worried adj. 焦虑的烦恼的担忧的; worrisome adj. 使人烦恼的,焦虑的,7. As a result, I suffered from “time lag”. 结果我得了时间滞后症。 as a result (of): because of something that has happened 作为的结果,由于 It snowed, as a result, she was late. 天下雪, 因此她迟到了。,result from 起因于 result in 导致某事,造成某事(=lead to) suffer from: to experience (something unpleasant, such as an illness), especially over a long period of time or habitually 患有(疾病等);为所苦,因而吃苦头。 She suffers from headache. 她患头痛病。,辨析: suffer与suffer from suffer 意为遭受苦痛,损失,忍受侮辱等,其宾语为pain, lose, grief, insult, punishment, wrong, hardship, injustice, discouragement, disappointment, setback, suffer from 遭受战争,自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之意。,suffer from the war / the flood/ a headache 遭受战争,洪水之苦/患头病； suffer (from) cold and hunger 遭受寒冷和饥饿 (派) suffering n. 痛苦,苦恼;劳苦,困难,8. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get when flying, but instead it means you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period. 这种病有些像乘喷气式飞机高速飞行时所引起的时差反应那样，所不同的是,它意味着你的脑海里不停地从以前的时间段一直往回闪去。,keep doing sth. 继续做某事 It kept raining for a week. 接连下了一星期雨。 辨析:keep doing sth. 与keep on doing sth. 这两个短语都表示每隔一段时间就发生的动作,这时可互换;keep doing sth. 强调动作的连续性和客观性,而keep on doing sth.强调动作的重复性或动作执行者 的决心,常含有一定的感情色彩;,keep doing sth. 还可以表示持续不间断的状态和动作;而keep on doing sth. 无其用法。 He kept on smoking after the doctor told him to stop. 医生已经劝他戒烟, 可他仍继续抽烟。,keep away from 不接近;避开 keep back 留在后面,不上前;隐瞒 keep off 不接近,挡住 keep out (of) 使在外 keep up 跟上;赶上;保持 keep up with 跟上;不落人之后,9. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, which made us sleepy, our eyes closed. 座位是很舒适的, 喝了点镇静剂后,我们的眼睛闭上了, 感到昏昏欲睡似的。 which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词drink.,make+宾语+宾补(adj., p.p., n.) As a foreign student, can you make yourself understood in Chinese? Helen had to shout _above the sound of the music. (2004.全国III) A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard,10. Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. 新的环境把我弄得心烦意乱的,由于缺乏新鲜空气, 我感到受不了。 confused by the new surroundings 为过去分词作原因状语,相当于because引导的从句 I was confused by the new surroundings. 如: Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.,_by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. (2004 辽宁) A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attracted,surrounding adj. in surrounding area surroundings n. 只用复数 surroundings 影响生活质素的,某地人身边的一切事物 The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings. environment 人们所在的影响其感觉及发展的物质、社会环境;自然环境 new laws to prevent the pollution of the environment,辨析: beat, hit与strike beat指连续地打;hit侧重指“击中”,有时也指“打一下”;strike常指“猛地一击”。“敲锣”要用strike;“打鼓”要用beat;“敲门”要用knock;“钟敲几点”要用strike;比喻意思的“打击”要用give (deal) a blow to sb.,lack: 1). v. not have, to be without, not have enough of sth that is needed or wanted. He is good at his job but sometimes he seems to lack confidence.,2). n. the state of not having enough of sth The plants died for/through/by/ lack of water.,be lacking in sth=lack sth 缺乏,不足,11. ache He has an ache in his back. My body was all aches and pains. cure an ache 治好疼痛 feel aches 感到疼 suffer from an ache 遭受疼痛,His back aches/ is aching.,My body ached all over.,n.,n.,v.,v.,12. I felt better in no time. 我立刻感到舒服多了。 in on time: very quickly 立刻;马上 They will be back in no time. 他们马上就会回来。 all the time 一直, 始终 at a time 依次, 逐一, 每次,at all times 随时,永远 at one time 从前 at times 有时 behind the times 过时的,落伍的 for the time being 暂且, 眼下,from time to time 不时,偶尔,间或 in good time 不消多久 no time to lose 刻不容缓 on time 按时,13. There were so many carriages that I lost sight of Wang Ping. lost sight of 1)看不见 It was so dark he lost sight of him at once. Ive lost sight of Smith. 2)忘记， 忽略 No matter how rich and famous he became, he never lost sight of the fact that he had been born in the slums.,拓展： catch sight of 望见，看到 in sight 在视线内 out of sight 看不见了 set ones sight 目标，想达到 take sight 瞄准 within sight of 已能看到，在在望,14. Just relax as there is plenty of oxygen here. 这儿氧气充足, 你可以好好休息一下。 plenty of “充足的,相当多的”,通常只用于肯定句,后可接可数名词,也可接不可数名词。plenty of作主语时,谓语动词跟of后的名词一致。,There is plenty of coal in this area. 这个地区有丰富的煤。 Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here. 很多外国公司已在这里开办工厂了。,“许多”修饰可数名词:many, many a (n), a great/ good many, a good/ large number of, the majority of,“许多”修饰不可数名词: a good/ great deal of, a large amount of, amounts of, a lot of/ lots of, much “许多”修饰可数/不可数名词: a quantity of/ quantities of, plenty of, a supply of, supplies of,15. Have a class discussion and decide whether you think the writer has an optimistic or a pessimistic view of the future. 全班同学讨论一下, 断定作者对未来持有乐观还是悲观的态度。,adj. believe that good things will happen in the future 乐观的,乐观主义的(常与about连用) The experts are optimistic that we will succeed. 那些专家们对我们的成功抱有乐观态度。 We should be optimistic about our life.,optimistic,adj. expected that bad things will happen in the future or that a situation will have a bad result 悲观的,悲观主义的(常与about连用) There is no reason to be pessimistic about the future. 没有理由对未来悲观。,pessimistic,16. Be prepared to join in a class discussion. 一定准备好参加班级讨论。 join in 参加, 加入 She burst into song. Several passengers also joined in. 她唱了起来, 几位乘客也跟着唱了起来。,辨析: join in, take part in与join join in与take part in 都可以作“参加某项活动”讲。join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago. He joined us in the discussion . Liu Xiang will take part in the 2008 Olympic.,1. A machine usually with wheels and an engine which is used for transporting people or goods on land, particularly on roads. = 2. To make use of (the prize)= 3. To be carried away =,vehicle,to take up,to be swept up,Learning about Language,Find out the words and phrases in the passage according to the expressions:,4. to see = 5. to be unable to see = 6. You have travel led through many time zones. So you feel very tired. The feeling of this kind of tiredness is called _. 7. A shortage of oxygen =,to catch sight of,to lose sight of,jet lag,lack of fresh air,8. all the time, very often = 9. to make sb. remember sth. = 10. happening or existing before the one mentioned = 11. rapidly, quickly = 12. tired = 13. To take goods or people from one place to another in a vehicle=,constantly,remind,previous,exhausted,transport,swiftly,14. To be quick in action or movement = 15. Very quickly = 16. To learn a skill or a language so well that you understand it completely and have no difficulty with it = 17. Not sure or feeling doubt =,hurry,in no time,master,uncertain,I feel a strong objection to getting up early.我极不愿意早起。 Have you any objection to my opening the window? 你反对我打开窗子吗？ My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much. 我反对该计划的主要理由是它费用太高。,