1、CENISO/TR19175TechnicalreportRAPPORTTECHNIQUEJune2025TechnischerreportICS35.240.70;33.070.40EnglishVersionGeographicinformation-Gapanalysisofgeospatialstandardsforindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigationISO/TR19175:2025Informationgeographique-Analysedesecartsdesnormesgeospatialespourlanavigationcontinueinte
2、rieure-exterieure(ISO/TR19175:2025)Geoinformation-LiickenanalysevonGeoinformationsstandardsfiirbarrierefreieNavigation(ISO/TR19175:2025)ThisTechnicalReportwasapprovedbyCENon6June2025.IthasbeendrawnupbytheTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC287.CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Bulgaria,Cr
3、oatia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,RepublicofNorthMacedonia,Romania,Serbia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,TiirkiyeandUnitedKingdom.EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFOR
4、STANDARDIZATIONCOMITEEUROPEENDENORMALISATIONEuropaischeskomiteefurnormungCEN-CENELECManagementCentre:RuedelaScience23,B-1040Brussels2025CENAllrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreservedRef.No.CENISO/TR19175:2025EworldwideforCENnationalMembers.ContentsPageEuropeanforeword3EuropeanforewordThisd
5、ocument(CENISO/TR19175:2025)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC211Geographicinformation/GeomaticsincollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC287nGeographicInfoirnationthesecretariatofwhichisheldbyBSLAttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisdocumentmaybethesubjectofpatentrights
6、CENshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.Anyfeedbackandquestionsonthisdocumentshouldbedirectedtotheusersnationalstandardsbody/nationalcommittee.AcompletelistingofthesebodiescanbefoundontheCENwebsite.EndorsementnoticeThetextofISO/TR19175:2025hasbeenapprovedbyCENasCENISO/TR1
7、9175:2025withoutanymodification.TechnicalReportISO/TR19175Firstedition2025-06GeographicinformationGapanalysisofgeospatialstandardsforindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigationInformationgeographiqueAnalysedesecartsdesnormesgeospatialespourlanavigationcontinueinterieure-exterieureReferencenumberISO/TR19175:202
8、5(en)COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENTISO2025Allrightsreserved.Unlessotherwisespecified,orrequiredinthecontextofitsimplementation,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorutilizedotherwiseinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,orpostingontheinternetoranintranet,withoutpriorwritte
9、npermission.PermissioncanberequestedfromeitherISOattheaddressbeloworISO,smemberbodyinthecountryoftherequester.ISOcopyrightofficeCP401Ch.deBlandonnet8CH-1214Vernier,GenevaPhone:+4122749Ol11Email:copyrightiso.orgWebsite:www.iso.orgPublishedinSwitzerlandContentsPageForewordivIntroductionv1 Scope12 Norm
10、ativereferences13 Terms,definitionsandabbreviatedterms13.1 Termsanddefinitions13.2 Abbreviatedterms34 Indoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation44.1 Overview44.2 Indoornavigation44.3 Issuesforindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation54.4 Requirementsforindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation55 Conceptualarchitectureforindoor
11、outdoorseamlessnavigation65.1 Overview65.2 Usecasedevelopment76 Gapanalysis106.1 Overview106.2 Indoor-OutdoorMapSpecificationforIndoor-OutdoorNavigation116.3 Guidefortheintegrationofindoorandoutdoordataforindoor-outdoornavigation126.4 DataModelofIndoor-OutdoorPositioningReferences126.5 Guideforcont
12、extinformationexchangeforindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation137 Applicationsexamplesofindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation138 SummaryandRecommendation14Bibliography15ForewordISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISOmemberbodies).Theworkofpreparin
13、gInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnicalcommittees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmentabinliaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollab
14、oratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization.TheproceduresusedtodevelopthisdocumentandthoseintendedforitsfurthermaintenancearedescribedintheISO/IECDirectives,Part1.Inparticular,thedifferentapprovalcriterianeededforthedifferenttypesofIS
15、Odocumentshouldbenoted.ThisdocumentwasdraftedinaccordancewiththeeditorialrulesoftheISO/IECDirectives,Part2(seewww.iso.org/directives).ISOdrawsattentiontothepossibilitythattheimplementationofthisdocumentmayinvolvetheuseof（八）patent(三).ISOtakesnopositionconcerningtheevidence,validityorapplicabilityofan
16、yclaimedpatentrightsinrespectthereof.Asofthedateofpublicationofthisdocument,ISOhadnotreceivednoticeof（八）patent(三)whichmayberequiredtoimplementthisdocument.However,implementersarecautionedthatthismaynotrepresentthelatestinformation,whichmaybeobtainedfromthepatentdatabaseavailableatwww.iso.org/patents
17、ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.Anytradenameusedinthisdocumentisinformationgivenfortheconvenienceofusersanddoesnotconstituteanendorsement.Foranexplanationofthevoluntarynatureofstandards,themeaningofISOspecifictermsandexpressionsrelatedtoconformityassessment,aswell
18、asinformationaboutISOsadherencetotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTo)principlesintheTechnicalBarrierstoTrade(TBT),seeWWW.isoQrgisoforeword.htmLThisdocumentwaspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC21LGeographicInformationGeomatics,mcollaborationwiththeEuropeanCommitteeforStandardization(CEN)TechnicalCommitteeC
19、EN/TC287,Geographicinformation,inaccordancewiththeAgreementontechnicalcooperationbetweenISOandCEN(ViennaAgreement).Anyfeedbackorquestionsonthisdocumentshouldbedirectedtotheusersnationalstandardsbody.AcompletelistingofthesebodiescanbefoundatWWW.isoQrgmembnrs.htmLIntroductionWiththespreadofnomadicandm
20、obiledevicessuchassmartphones,andtherapidexpansionofindoorspaces,manyoftheservicesandfacilitiesrelatedtothetransportsystemhavebecomeaccessibletoindoorspaces.Consequently,indoor-outdoorseamlessnavigationisbecomingmoreimportantasanextensionofexistingnavigations.Forindoororoutdoornavigation,therearesev
21、eralstandardizationactivitieswhichcouldimproveinteroperabilityofdataandservices.GeographicinformationGapanalysisofgeospatialstandardsforindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation1ScopeTheobjectiveofthisdocumentistoanalysegapsingeospatialstandardsforindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation.Thisdocumentisintendedtobeus
22、edbydesigners,developersandprovidersofoutdoororindoornavigationservices.Thisdocument:a) specifiestheconceptsfortheindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation;b) outlinesconceptualarchitectureandscenarios(oruse-cases)forindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation;c) analysesthegapofthecurrentgeospatialstandardsforimplemen
23、tingtheindoor-outdoorseamlessnavigation;d) highlightsstandardizationitemstobeproceededtogetmoreinteroperability.2 NormativereferencesTherearenonormativereferencesinthisdocument.3 Terms,definitionsandabbreviatedterms3.1 TermsanddefinitionsForthepurposesofthisdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsap
24、ply.ISOandIECmaintainterminologydatabasesforuseinstandardizationatthefollowingaddresses:一ISOOnlinebrowsingplatform:availableathttps:WWW.iso.org/obp一IECElectropedia:availableathttps:/WWW.clectropedia.org/3.1.1featureabstractionofreal-worldphenomenaNote1toentry:Afeaturecanoccurasatypeoraninstance.Feat
25、uretypeorfeatureinstancewillbeusedwhenonlyoneismeant.SOURCE:ISO19101-1:2014,4.1,113.1.2indoorentityfeaturefeature(3.1.1)constructedasindoorarchitecturalcomponentsorfeaturesattachedforaspecificuseinsideabuildingEXAMPLEWindows,doors,furnitureandfacilitiesareindoorentityfeatures.SOURCE:ISO19164:2024,3.
26、53.1.3indoorspacefeaturefeaturef3.1.1)thatcontainsindoorentityfeatures(3.1.2)orisusedasaplaceforaspecificpurposeinsideabuilding,orbothEXAMPLERooms,balconiesandpathwaysareindoorspacefeatures.SOURCE:ISO19164:20213.63.1.4 indoormapportrayalofanindoorentityfeature(3.1.2)andindoorspacefeatures(3.1.3)asad
27、igitalimageorvectorfilesuitablefordisplayonacomputerscreenSOURCE:ISO19164:20213.73.1.5indoor-outdoormapportrayalofseamlessinterconnectedentityfeaturesandspacefeaturesbetweenindoorandoutdoorenvironmentsasadigitalimageorvectorfilesuitablefordisplayonacomputerscreen3.1.6nomadicdeviceNDimplementationofa
28、personalITSstationwhichprovidescommunicationconnectivityviaequipmentsuchascellulartelephones,mobilewirelessbroadband(WIMAX,HC-SDMAetc)WiFietc.andincludesshortrangelinks,suchasBluetooth,Zigbee,etc.toconnectportabledevicestothemotorvehiclecommunicationssystemnetworkNote1toentry:Bluetoothisanexampleofa
29、suitableproductavailablecommercially.ThisinformationisgivenfortheconvenienceofusersofthisdocumentanddoesnotconstituteanendorsementbyISOofthisproduct.SOURCE:ISO23795-2:2024,3.1.1,modifiedportablehasbeenremovedfromportableequipment/wirelesscommunicationnetwork(3G,4G,and5G)hasbeenremoved,WiFihasbeenadd
30、ed,suchasIEEE802.11xhasbeenreplacedbysuchasBluetooth,Zigbee,etc.AnewNote1toentryhasbeenadded.3.1.7indoornavigationnavigationprovidedinindoorspace3.1.8ITSstationITS-Sentityinacommunicationnetwork,comprisedofapplication,facilities,networkingandaccesslayercomponentsspecifiedinISO21217thatoperatewithina
31、boundedsecuremanagementdomainSOURCE:ISO13184-2:2016,3.53.1.9personal/vehicleITSstationP/V-ITS-SITSstationimplementedinavehicleormobiledeviceNote1toentry:mobiledeviceisreplacedbythetermnomadicdevice(3.1.6)toassuretheconsistencyinthisdocument.SOURCE:ISO17438-2:2024,3.1.5,modifiedpersonalmobiledeviceha
32、sbeenreplacedbynomadicdeviceinthedefinition.Note1toentryhasbeenadded.3.1.10roadsideITSstation,R-ITS-SsystemthatreceivesandprocessesvehicularandpedestrianinformationwithinacertainzoneNote1toentry:Thesystemisinstalledattheroadside.SOURCE:ISO17438-2:2024,3.1.8,modifiedanddeterminesthesituation,inordert
33、oprovidethesafetywarningandparkingguideservicetovehiclesandpedestrianshasbeenremovedfromthedefinition.3.1.11centralITSstation,centralITS-S,C-ITS-SimplementationofanITS-SinacentralITSsubsystemSOURCE:ISO17438-4:2019,3.1.63.1.12indoorpositioningdeterminationofalocationinanindoorspaceSOURCE:ISO17438-4:2
34、019,3.1.73.1.13indoorpositioninginfrastructureinfrastructureusedtodeterminelocationsofpersonal/vehicleITSstations(P/V-ITS-S)inanindoorspaceEXAMPLEWi-FLBluetooth,etc.SOURCE:ISO17438-4:2019,3.1,113.1.14indoorpositioningreferenceinformationtosupportindoorpositioningEXAMPLEAgoodexampleofanindoorposition
35、ingreferenceisinformationaboutindoorpositioninginfrastructure.ForWi-Fibasedpositioning,theindoorpositioninginfrastructureinformationincludestheWi-FiAPsinformation,suchaslocation,SSID,andRSSIvaluesofAPs.Note1toentry:Detailedspecificationsandcontentsofindoorpositioningreferencesdependonthespecificindo
36、orpositioningtechnologies.SOURCE:ISO17438-2:2024,3.1,12,modified-Example1andExample2havebeencombinedintoasingleExample.3.1.15indoornavigationdatadataneededforindoornavigation,whichincludesindoormaps(3.1.4)andindoorpositioninginfrastructureinformationSOURCE:ISO17438-4:2019,3.1,133.2 AbbreviatedtermsC
37、ITS-ScentralITSstationGMLgeographymarkuplanguageGNSSglobalnavigationsatellitesystemIFCindustryfoundationclassesIFMindoorfeaturemodelITSintelligenttransportsystemsITS-SITSstationOGCopengeospatialconsortiumP/V-ITS-Spersonal/vehicleITSstationPOIpointofinterestR-ITS-SroadsideITSstation4 Indoor-outdoors
38、eamlessnavigation4.1 OverviewIngeneral,navigationreferstooutdoornavigation,whichinvolvesrouteplanningfromthestartingpointtothedestinationandprovidingguidanceforuserstoreachtheirdestinationbasedontheircurrentlocation.Toofferthisasaservice,anode-linkroadnetwork,includingweightvaluesusedforbackgroundma
39、ppingandroutesearching,aswellasspatialdataintheformofpointsofinterest(POI),areconstructedandutilized.Forroutesearchingandguidanceinoutdoornavigation,theuserslocationistypicallydeterminedusingGlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem(GNSS)-basedlocationdeterminationmethods,whicharewidelyused.4.2 Indoornavigati
40、onIndoornavigationreferstonavigationwithinindoorspaceswherelocationdeterminationusingGNSSischallenging(seeISO17438-1).VariousindoorpositioningmethodscanbeusedtodeterminetheuserslocationinareaswithpoorGNSSsignalquality,andsomeofthesemethodsincludeproximitydetection,triangulation,deadreckoning,fingerp
41、rinting,andmultilateration.KlToenableindoorpositioning,informationaboutthepositioninginfrastructureneedstobepre-established,andthisvariesindefinitionandconfigurationdependingontheindoorpositioningmethod.Inthisdocumentsuchinformationisreferredtoasindoorpositioningreferences.Inthesamemannerasoutdoorna
42、vigation,whennavigatingwithinindoorareas,itisessentialtohavebackgroundmapsforindoorspaces,indoornetworks,indoorPOIs,andindoorpositioningreferences.Thesecomponentscollectivelysupportseamlessindoornavigation(seeISO17438-3):一Thebackgroundmapinanindoornavigationsystemservesasthebaselayer,providingthefun
43、damentalvisualguideforusersbydisplayingadetailedimageoftheindoorspaceontheusersdevice,alignedwithaspecificgeographicareawithinthatspace.Itensuresaneffectiveandaccuraterepresentationofthephysicalenvironment.一Indoornetworks,depictedinroutenetworkmaps,offeracomprehensiveguidefornavigationthroughinterco
44、nnectedpathwayswithinindoorspaces,includingdetailsaboutpaths,pointsofinterest,anddynamicfeatureslikepermissibledirectionsandaccesstimes.POIsarenotablelocationsorfeaturesmarkedforspecialconsiderationwithinindoormaps,suchasrooms,areas,objects,orfacilities.Theyarelinkedtospecificlocationswithinindoorno
45、desorsemanticspace,aidingusersinnavigatingandlocatingspecificdestinations.一Indoorpositioningreferences,whichencompasssignalsources,beacons,orotherpositioningtechnologies,playacrucialroleinaccuratelydeterminingtheuserslocationwithinindoorenvironments,facilitatingprecisenavigation.4.3 Issuesforindoor-
46、outdoorseamlessnavigationIndoor-outdoorseamlessnavigationreferstothecontinuousprovisionofnavigationservicesseamlesslytransitioningbetweenoutdoorandindoorenvironments.Providinguninterruptednavigationbetweenoutdoorandindoorareasischallengingforthefollowingtworeasons.Disruptionincontinuouspositioningdu
47、etodifferentpositioningmethods:indoornavigationrequiresvariousmethods,includingsignalsandimagery,todeterminetheuserslocation.Thisleadstodifferencesinhowindoorpositioningisprovided,withtheneedtorequestlocationdeterminationfromindoorpositioningserversorobtainindoorpositioningreferencesfromserverstodet
48、erminethelocationofusersdevice.Thesevariationsinpositioningmethodsofuserdevicemakeitdifficulttocontinuouslydeterminetheuserslocation.Disruptioninrouteguidanceduetotheabsenceofcontinuousmapsencompassingindoorareas:indoormaps,includingindoornetworks,aredistinctfromoutdoormapsandareoftensegmentedintoseparatemapsforindividualindoorspaces,sometimesevenondifferentfloorsofth
