1、1、外文原文MolddesignandmanufactureThemoldisthemanufacturingindustryimportantcraftfoundation,inourcountry,themoldmanufacturebelongstothespecialpurposeequipmentmanufacturingindustry.Chinaalthoughveryalreadystartstomakethemoldandtheusemold,butlong-termhasnotformedtheindustry.Straightstabs0centuries80,slate
2、rperiods,theChinesemoldindustryonlythendrivesintothedevelopmentspeedway.Recentyears,notonlythestate-ownedmoldenterprisehadtheverybigdevelopment,thethreeinvestmentsenterprise,thevillagesandtowns(individual)themoldenterprisesdevelopmentalsoquiterapid.AlthoughtheChinesemoldindustrialdevelopmentrapid,bu
3、tcompareswiththedemand,obviouslyfallsshortofdemand,itsmaingapconcentratespreciselyto,large-scale,iscomplex,thelonglifemolddomain.Asaresultofinaspectandsoonmoldprecision,life,manufacturecycleandproductivity,Chinaandtheinternationalaveragehorizontalandthedevelopedcountrystillhadabiggerdisparity,theref
4、ore,neededmassivelytoimportthemoldeveryyear.TheChinesemoldindustryexceptmustcontinuetosharpentheproductivity,fromnowonwillhaveemphaticallytotheprofessioninternalstructureadjustmentandthestate-of-artenhancement.Thestructureadjustmentaspect,mainlyistheenterprisestructuretothespecializedadjustment,thep
5、roductstructuretocentertheupscalemolddevelopment,totheimportandexportstructureimprovement,centertheupscaleautomobilecovermoldforminganalysisandthestructureimprovement,themulti-purposecompoundmoldandthecompoundprocessingandthelasertechnologyinthemolddesignmanufactureapplication,thehigh-speedcutting,t
6、hesuperfinishingandpolishedthetechnology,theinformationdirectiondevelops.Therecentyears,themoldprofessionstructureadjustmentandtheorganizationalreformstepenlarges,mainlydisplayedin,large-scale,precise,wascomplex,thelonglife,centertheupscalemoldandthemoldstandardletterdevelopmentspeedishigherthanthec
7、ommonmoldproduct;Theplasticmoldandthecompressioncastingmoldproportionincreases;Specializedmoldfactoryquantityanditsproductivityincrease;nThethreeinvestments*1andtheprivateenterprisedevelopsrapidly;Thejointstocksystemtransformationstepspeedsupandsoon.Distributesfromthearealooked,takeZhujiangDeltaandY
8、angtzeRiverdeltaascentralsoutheastcoastalareadevelopmentquicklytomid-westarea,southdevelopmentquicklytonorth.Atpresentdevelopsquickest,themoldproducesthemostcentralizedprovinceisGuangdongandZhejiang,placessuchasJiangsu,Shanghai,AnhuiandShandongalsohasabiggerdevelopmentinrecentyears.Althoughourcountr
9、ymoldtotalquantityhadatpresentachievedthesuitablescale,themoldlevelalsohastheverybigenhancement,afterbutdesignmanufacturehorizontaloverallriseandfallindustrydevelopedcountryandsoonYuDe,America,date,France,Italymany.Thecurrentexistencequestionandthedisparitymainlydisplayinfollowingseveralaspects:(1)
10、ThetotalquantityfallsshortofdemandDomesticmoldassemblingoneselfrateonly,about70%.Low-grademold,centerupscalemoldassemblingoneselfrateonlyhas50%about.(2) Theenterpriseorganizationalstructure,theproductstructure,thetechnicalstructureandtheimportandexportstructuredoesnotgatherIinourcountrymoldproductio
11、nfactorytobemostisfromthelabormoldworkshopwhichproducesassemblesoneself(branchfactory),fromproducesassemblesoneselftheproportiontoreachashighasabout60%,buttheoverseasmoldultra70%isthecommoditymold.Thespecializedmoldfactorymostlyislargeandcomplete,smallandentire*1organizationform,butoverseasmostlyiss
12、mallbut,isspeciallysmallandfine.Domesticlarge-scale,precise,complex,thelonglifemoldaccountsforthetotalquantityproportiontobeinsufficient30%,butoverseasin50%above2004years,ratioofthemoldimportandexportis3.7:1,theimportandexportbalancestheafternetimportvolumetoamountto1.32billionUSdollars,isworldmoldn
13、etimportquantitybiggestcountry.(3) ThemoldproductlevelgreatlyislowerthantheinternationalstandardTheproductioncycleactuallyishigherthantheinternationalwaterbroadproductlevellowmainlytodisplayinthemoldprecision,cavityaspectandsoonsurfaceroughness,lifeandstructure.(4) Developstheabilitybadly,economicef
14、ficiencyunsatisfactoryourcountrymoldenterprisetechnicalpersonnelproportionlowThelevelislower,alsodoesnottaketheproductdevelopment,frequentlyisinthepassivepositioninthemarket.Ourcountryeachmoldstaffaverageyearcreationoutputvalueapproximately,tenthousandUSdollars,overseasmoldindustrydevelopedcountrymo
15、stly15to10,000USdollars,somereachashighas25to10,000USdollars,relativeisourcountryquitepartofmoldsenterprisesalsocontinuestousetheworkshoptypemanagementwithit,trulyrealizestheenterprisewhichthemodernizedenterprisemanagesfewTocreatetheabovedisparitythereasontobeverymany,themoldlong-termhasnotobtainedt
16、hevaluebesidesthehistoryinastheproductwhichshouldhave,aswellasthemoststate-ownedenterprisesmechanismcannotadaptthemarketeconomy,butalsohasthefollowingseveralreasons:.(1) CountrytomoldindustrypolicysupportdynamicsalsoinsufficientlyAlthoughthecountryalreadywasclearabouthaspromulgatedthemoldprofessioni
17、ndustrialpolicy,butnecessarypolicyfew,carriedoutdynamicstobeweak.Atpresentenjoyedthemoldproductincrementdutyenterprisenation185,themajorityenterprisestillthetaxburdenisonlyoverweight.Themoldenterprisecarriesonthetechnologicaltransformationsintroductionequipmenttohavetopaytheconsiderableamountthetaxm
18、oney,affectsthetechnologyadvancement,moreoverprivatelyoperatedenterpriseloanextremelydifficult.(2) Talentedpersonseriousinsufficient,thescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattackinvestmenttoourineMoldprofessionisthetechnology,thefund,theworkcrowdedindustry,alongwiththetimeprogressandthetechn
19、icaldevelopment,graspsthetalentedpersonwhichandskilledutilizesthenewtechnologyexceptionallyshort,thehigh-qualitymoldfitterandtheenterprisemanagementtalentextremelyisalsoanxious.Becausethemoldenterprisebenefitunsatisfactoryandtakesinsufficientlythescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattack,th
20、escientificresearchunitandtheuniversities,collegesandinstituteseyestaresatiscreatingincome,causesthemoldprofessioninveststoofewinthescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattackaspect,causesthemoldtechnologicaldevelopmentstepnottobebig,progressesnotquick.(3) Thecraftequipmentleveltobelow,alsone
21、cessaryisnotgood,theusefactorlowrecentyearsourcountryenginebedprofessionprogressedquickly,hasbeenabletoprovidethequitecompleteprecisionworkequipment,butcomparedwiththeoverseasequipment,stillhadabiggerdisparity.Althoughthedomesticmanyenterpriseshaveintroducedmanyoverseasadvancedequipment,buttheoveral
22、lequipmentlevellowareverymorethantheoverseasmanyenterprises.Asaresultofaspecttheandsoonsystemandfundreason,introducestheequipmentnotnotnecessary,theequipmentandtheappendixnotnecessaryphenomenonareextremelycommon,theequipmentutilizationratelowquestioncannotobtainthecomparativelyproperlysolutionforalo
23、ngtime.(4) Specialization,standardization,commercializeddegreelow,thecooperationabilityBecausereceives,largeandcompletesmallandentiretheinfluencesincelongago,moldspecializationlevellow,thespecializedlabordivisionisnotcareful,thecommercializeddegreeislow.Atpresentdomesticeveryyearproducesmold,commodi
24、tymoldminister40%About,otherforfromproduceusesforoneself.Betweenthemoldenterprisecooperatesimpeded,completesthecomparativelylarge-scalemoldcompletetaskwithdifficulty.Moldstandardizationlevellow,moldstandardletterusecaverareislowalsotothemoldquality,thecosthasamoretremendousinfluence,speciallyhasvery
25、tremendousinfluence.(5) Tothemoldmanufacturecycle)themoldmaterialandthemoldcorrelationtechnologyfallsThemoldmaterialperformance,thequalityandthevarietyquestionoftencanaffectthemoldquality,thelifeandthecost,thedomesticallyproducedmoldingtoolsteelandoverseasimportsthesteelproductstocomparehasabiggerdi
26、sparity.Plastic,plate,equipmentenergybalance,alsodirectinfluencemoldlevelenhancement.Atpresent,ourcountryeconomystillwasatthehighspeeddevelopmentphase,ontheinternationaleconomicalglobalizationdevelopmenttendencyisdaybydayobvious,thishasprovidedthegoodconditionandtheopportunityfortheourcountrymoldind
27、ustryhighspeeddevelopment.Ontheonehand,thedomesticmoldmarketwillcontinuehighspeedtodevelop,ontheotherhand,themoldmanufacturealsograduallywillshiftaswellasthetransnationalgrouptoourcountrycarriesonthemoldpurchasetrendtoourcountryextremelytobealsoobvious.Therefore,willtakeabroadviewthefuture,internati
28、onal,thedomesticmoldmarketoveralldevelopmenttendencyprospectwillfavor,estimatedtheChinesemoldwillobtainthehighspeeddevelopmentunderthegoodmarketenvironment,ourcountrynotonlycanbecomethemoldgreatnation,moreovercertainlygraduallywillmakethepowerfulnationtothemoldtherankstomakegreatstridesforward.,15,p
29、eriod,theChinesemoldindustrylevelnotonlyhastheverybigenhancementinthequantityandthearcherytargetaspect,moreovertheprofessionstructure,theproductlevel,thedevelopmentinnovationability,enterprisessystemandthemechanismaswellasthetechnologyadvancementaspectalsocanobtainabiggerdevelopment.Themoldtechnolog
30、yhasgatheredthemachinery,theelectron,chemistry,optics,thematerial,thecomputer,theprecisemonitorandtheinformationnetworkandsoonmanydisciplines,isacomprehensivenaturemulti-disciplinarysystemsengineering.Themoldtechnologydevelopmenttendencymainlyisthemoldproducttolarger-scale,preciser,morecomplexandamo
31、reeconomicaldirectiondevelops,themoldproducttechnicalcontentunceasinglyenhances,themoldmanufacturecycleunceasinglyreduces,themoldproductionfacestheinformation,isnothavingthechart,isfine,theautomateddirectiondevelops,themoldenterprisetothetechnicalintegration,theequipmentexcellent,isproducingapproves
32、thebrand,themanagementinformation,themanagementinternationalizationdirectiondevelops.Ourcountrymoldprofessionstillwillhavetoenhancefromnowonthegeneralcharactertechnologyhad:(1) ToestablishintheCAD/CAEplatformtheadvancedmolddesigntechnology,enhancesmodernizationwhichthemolddesigned,information,intell
33、ectualization,standardizedlevel.(2) EstablishesintheCAM/CAPPfoundationtheadvancedmoldprocessingtechnologyandtheadvancedmanufacturetechnologyunifies,raisestheautomatedlevelandtheproductionefficiencywhichthemoldprocesses.(3) Themoldproductionenterprisesinformationmanagementtechnology.ForexamplePDM(pro
34、ductdatamanagement),ERP(enterpriseresourcemanagement),MIS(moldmanufacturemanagementinformationsystem)andinformationnetworktechnologytheandsoonINTERMETplatformapplication,thepromotionandthedevelopment.(4) Arehighspeed,GaoJing,thecompoundmoldprocessingtechnologyresearchandtheapplication.Forexampletheu
35、ltrafinerammingmoldmanufacturetechnology,thepreciseplasticandthecompressioncastingmoldmanufacturetechnologyandsoon.(5) Enhancesthemoldproductionefficiency,reducesthecostandreducesthemoldproductioncycleeachkindoffasteconomicalmoldmanufacturetechnology.(6) Theadvancedmanufacturetechnologyapplication.F
36、orexamplehottechnologyandsoonflowchanneltechnology,gasauxiliarytechnology,hypothesizedtechnology,nanotechnology,rapidscanningtechnology,reversionproject,parallelprojectinthemoldresearch,thedevelopment,theprocessingprocessapplication.(7) Therawmaterialthesimulationtechnologywhichformsinthemold.(8) Th
37、eadvancedmoldprocessingandtheappropriationequipmentresearchandthedevelopment.(9) Themoldandthemoldstandardletter,theimportantauxiliarystandardizedtechnology.(10) Themoldanditstheproductexaminationtechnology.(11) Highquality,thenewmoldmaterialresearchandthedevelopmentanditsthecorrectapplication.(12)
38、ThemoldproductionenterprisesmodernmanagementtechnologyMoldprofessionin十15uperiodneedstosolvethekeyessentialtechnologyshouldbethemoldinformation,thedigitizedtechnologyandprecise,ultrafine,highspeed,thehighlyeffectivemanufacturetechnologyaspectbreakthroughAlongwiththenationaleconomytotalquantityandthe
39、industryproducttechnologyunceasingdevelopment,allthevarioustradesandoccupationstothemolddemandquantitymoreandmorebig,thespecificationmoreandmoreisalsohigh.Althoughmoldtypemany,butitsdevelopmentshouldbewithemphasisbothcanmeetthemassiveneeds,andhasthecomparativelyhigh-techcontent,speciallyatpresentdom
40、esticstillcouldnotbeself-sufficient,needsthemassiveimportsthemoldandcanrepresentthedevelopmentdirectionlarge-scale,precise,iscomplex,thelonglifemold.Themoldstandardlettertype,thequantity,thelevel,theproductionaandsoonhavethesignificantinfluencetotheentiremoldprofessiondevelopment.Therefore,someimpor
41、tantmoldstandardlettersalsomusttheprioritize,moreoveritsdevelopmentspeedshouldquicklytothemolddevelopmentspeed,likethisbeableunceasinglytoraiseourcountrymoldstandardizationlevel,thusimprovesthemoldquality,reducesthemoldproductioncycle,reducesthecost.Becauseourcountrymoldproductholdsthebiggerpricesup
42、eriorityintheinternationalmarket,thereforeregardingtheexportationprospectgoodmoldproductalsoshouldtakekeydevelops.Accordingtotheaboverequiredquantitybig,thetechnicalcontentishigh,representsthedevelopmentdirection,theexportprospectgoodprinciplechoiceprioritizeproduct,moreoverchoosestheproducttohaveat
43、presenttohavethecertaintechnologybase,belongshasthecondition,hastheproductwhichthepossibilitydevelops.Accordingto十15themoldprofessiondevelopmentplan,15theperiodmoldproductdevelopmentmainlyhasfollowingseveralkindoftheautomobilecovermold(I)RammingmoldtooccupyThemoldtotalquantitydishwithemphasisabove40
44、Automobilecovermoldmainlyforautomobilenecessary,alsoincludesfortheagriculturewiththevehicle,theprojectmachineryandthefarmmachinerynecessarycovermold,ithastheverybigrepresentationintherammingmold,themoldmostlyislargeandmiddlescale,structurecomplex,thespecificationishigh.Forthepassengervehiclenecess
45、arycovermold,therequestisinparticularhigher,mayrepresenttherammingmoldthelevel.Thiskindofmoldourcountryhadthecertaintechnologybase,alreadyformiddle-gradepassengervehiclenecessary,butthelevelisnothigh,theabilityisinsufficient,atpresentsatisfyingrateonlyhasoneaboutthehalf.Centertheupscalepassengervehi
46、clecovermoldmaindependenceimport,hasbecomethebottleneckwhichtheautomobiledevelops,enormousinfluencevehicletypedevelopment.(2)ThepreciserammingmoldMulti-locationslevelwasenteringthemoldandfinerepresentstherammingmolddevelopmentdirection,theprecisionrequestliferequesthasbeenextremelyhigh,mainlyforthee
47、lectronicsindustry,theautomobile,theinstrumentmeasuringappliance,theelectricalmachineryelectricapplianceandsoonformedacompleteset.Thesetwokindofmolds,domestichadthesuitablefoundation,andhasintroducedtheoverseastechnologyandtheequipment,theindividualenterpriseproducestheproducthasachievedtheworldleve
48、l,butthemajorityofenterprisesstillhadabiggerdisparity,thesupplytotalquantityinsufficient,theimportwereverymany(3) Thelarge-scalepreciseplasticmoldPlasticmoldaccountsforthemoldtotalquantity10%,moreoverthisproportionalsoisrising.Intheplasticmoldnecessarylarge-scalecaststhemoldfortheautomobileandtheele
49、ctricalappliances,necessarymodelsfortheintegratedcircuitsealsthemold,fortheelectronicinformationindustryandthemachineryandthepackingnecessarymultilayer,themulti-cavities,themulti-materialqualities,themulticolorprecisenote,andsaveswatertheagriculturalnecessaryplasticdifferentmoldingforthenewbuildingmaterialstosqueezeoutthemoldandthepipelineandthenozzlemoldandsoon,atpresentalthoughhadthesuitabletechnologybaseandfastisdeveloping,butthetechnicallevelandoverseasstillhadabiggerd
