2018年高考英语真题专题汇编专题08语法填空.pdf

2018年高考英语真题专题汇编 语法填空 【 2018· 全国 I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years _61_(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long_62_(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _63_ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it _64_ (be) more effective at lengthening life_65_ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014_66_showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _67_(cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But oth erwise it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to_68_(strength)your leg muscles( 肌肉 ),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always_69_(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give_70_a try. 【答案】 61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than 66. that which 67. causes 68. strength 69. energetic 70. it running 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿。 61. 考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3 年。根据than 可知用比较级， 故填 longer。 62. 考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故 填 to see。 来源 学优高考网gkstk 63. 考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of 是介词，其后 用动名词。故填dying。 64. 考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个 事实，故用一般现在时。故填 is。 65. 考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective 可知此 处填 than。 点睛：本文比较难的一个题是10 题。短语 give it a try 不容易想出来。give a try 试试。 Give sb sth； give sth to sb 这些短语学生都很清楚。但give 后加 it 或 sth 的形式，比较少见。高考复习要尽可能多的复习相关的 短语，尤其是用的比较多，而课本中出现较少的短语。学优高考网 【2018· 全国 II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _61_ （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer( 化肥 ) runoff. This switch has decreased _66_ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _68_ (start) a soil-testing program _69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission( 排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while _70_ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.“ says the bank's Juergen V oegele. 【答案】 61. has grown 62. the 63. actually 64. to improve 65. than 66. pollution 67. global 68. started 69. that/which 70. feeding 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界 上的知名认识的认可。 61. 考查时态。 since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011 年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。 故填 has grown。 62. 考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25 年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去 的 25 年里。故填the。 67. 考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption 是名词短语，故应 该用形容词修饰。故填global。 68. 考查谓语动词。句意：在2005 年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是 when 引导的定语从句，由 于时间是2005 年，故用过去时。故填started。 69. 考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program 并且引导后 面的句子。指物用that/which ，故填 that 或者 which。 70. 考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食 政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while 后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原 则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词