1、FirstReportofPowderyMi1.dewOfPeriwinkIeCausedbyGo1.ovinoinycesorotiiinNorth.Americadoi:I0.1094/PHP-2008-1212-03-BR.Periwink1.e(,Vinctimajor1.,Apocynaccac)isatrai1.ing,spreadingevergreenp1.antusedin1.andscapesasagroundcover.Beginningin2005.apowdcrj,mi1.dewwasobservedonperiwink1.eincoasta1.(MontereyCo
2、)Ca1.ifornia.Asreportedherein,(hecausa1.agentwasdeterminedtobeGo1.ovinomycesorontii(Cas1.agnc)V.P.He1.uta.ThisappearsIobethefirstrecordofapowderymi1.dewspeciesonVincaspp.inNorthAmerica.Signsofthepathogeninc1.udedeffusepatchesofwhitemycc1.iaprimari1.yonadaxia1.1.eafsurfacesofo1.derfo1.iage(Fig.1).In
3、fected1.eavesdeve1.opedgray1.esionsbeneathfunga1.co1.onics.Mycc1.iaweresuperficia1.,formingnipp1.e-shapedapprcssoria(Fig.2).Conidiophoresformedfootce1.1.s(Fig.3)thatmeasured(38.5-)48.5-8O(-9()9.5-12n,wereen1.argedFig.I.Signsofpowderymi1.dews1.ight1.ytowardapica1.ends,andexhibitedbasesthatfrequent1.y
4、onVincamajor.werecurvedtostrong1.ybent.Conidia(Fig.4)formedinchains,measured(26-)30-37(-39.5)(13.5-)15-18(-18.5)m.werehya1.ine,ovoidtoshort-cy1.indrica1.,and1.ackedfibrosinbodies.TheIorphwasnotobscrcd.AvoucherspecimenwasdepositedwiththeMyco1.ogyHerbariumoftheP1.antPatho1.ogyDepartmentOfWashingtonSta
5、teUniversity(herbariumdesignation:WSP).ThefunguswasdeterminedtobeGo1.ovinomycesorontii(Castagnc)V.P.Hc1.utaonthebasisofconidia1.ontogeny,tootce1.1.andconidia1.sizeandmorpho1.ogy,shapeOfaPPreJiSOriUIn,andhost.Bniun(2)1.istedtwospeciesofPOWdCrymi1.dewsonVincaspp.,G.orontiiand1.eveiHttIataurica(1.v.)G.
6、maud.Farreta1.(3)1.istednoErjsipha1.esonVincaspp.inNorthAmeriCa,but1.istedreportsofspeciesreferab1.eioG.orontii,1.taurica,orO.vincaeincurrentsystemsOfc1.assitication(1.2)onVincaspeciesinEurope.Korea,andNorthAfrica.Thepresentfunguswasdistinguishedeasi1.yfrom1.tauricawhichformsdimorphicconidiaandinter
7、na1.nyce1.ia.Bo1.ay(1)reportedtwoPoWdCrymi1.dCWspeciesoccurringonVincaspeciesinSwitzer1.and.G.onnfiiandOidiumvincaeBo1.ay.The1.atterspeciesformedIobcdapprcssoriaandconidiophoreswithsing1.econidia,suggestingit1.ike1.yistheanamorhoanErysiphespecies(1).T1.epresentreportappearstobethefirsttodocumentG.or
8、ontiionVincamajorinNorthAmerica.Thediseasewasfoundonperiwink1.einthreeofeightSUrVeyCd1.andscapesandinoneoffivecommercia1.nurseriesSUrVeyedIneachcase,incidencewas1.imitedtoasma1.1.numberofp1.ants.Go1.ovinomycesorontiiisthoughttobeeitherasing1.especieswithbroadhostrange,oracomp1.exofmorpho1.ogica1.1.y
9、simi1.arspecies(1.2).Thediscover)-ofG.oroniionV.majorinNorthAmericasuggests(hishostmaybeSigni1.1.cantintheepidemio1.ogyodiseasescausedbyG.o11mtiionotherhostp1.antsinNorthAmerica.OnV.majortheprimaryeffectofthefungusSeCmStobetheunsight1.ysignsofthefungusandthefo1.iar1.esionsassociatedwithinfections.Fi
10、g.2.Go1.ovinomycesorontiiapprcssoriumformedonVincamajor.Sca1.ebar=15mm.Fig.3.Go1.ovinomycesorontiiconidiophoreformedonVincamajor,withchainofdeve1.opingconidiaandcurvedfoo1.ce1.1.(arrow).Sca1.ebar=25mm.Fig.4.Go1.ovinomycesorontiiConidiaformedonVincamajor.Sca1.ebar=25mm.1.iteratureCited1.Bo1.ay,A.2005
11、1.esOidiumsdeSuisse(Erysiphac6es).Cryptogam.He1.vet.20：1-176.2.Braun.U.1987.AmonographoftheErySiPhaICS(powderymi1.dews).Beih.NovaHcdw.89:1-700.3.Fa11DF-Rossman,AY,Pa1.m,M.EandMcCgayEB2008FUmdDatabases,On1.ine*SyStCrnaIiCMYCO1.ogVandMierObiO1.ogY1.aboratory,USDA-ARS,WaShinton.DC.October2013,Vo1.ume9
12、7,NumberK)Page1383http:/dx.doi.org/q().IO94PDIS-O4.13-0378-PDNDiseaseNotesFirstReportof1.1.owderyMi1.dewCausedbyErysiphecrciferarunonIndianMustard(Iirassicajuncea)inKoreaJ.Y.Kim.Gyconggi-DoAgricu1.tura1.Research&ExtensionServices.Hwascong445-300.Korea;B.S.Kin,DeparinieniofP1.antScience,Gangneung-Won
13、juNationa1.University,Gangneung210-702.Korea;andS.E.ChoandH.D.ShintDivisionofEnvironmenta1.ScienceandEco1.ogica1.Engineering.KoreaUniversity.Seou1.136-701,Korear-Xt11Indianmustard(Bmssicajucea(1.)Cze11.)be1.ongsintheBrassicaceaeandiswide1.ycu1.tivatedinKoreafortheedib1.e1.eaves.InMay2011,Indianmusta
14、rdp1.antsofcv.Cheong-Kyeoja,c-fi1.n-covcre,mi1.dewisathreattoqua1.ityandmarketabi1.ityofthiscrop,especia1.1.ythosegrowninorganicfanningwherechemica1.contro1.optionsare1.imited.References:(I)U.BraunandR.T.A.Cook.TaxonomicManua1.ofeErysipha1.es(PowderyMi1.dews).CBSBiodiversitySeriesNo.11.CBS,Utrecht.2
15、012.(2)D.F.FarrandA.Y.Rossman.Funga1.Databases,Syst.Myco1.Microbio1.1.ab.On1.inepub1.ication.USDARS.Retrieved20March2013.(3)P.KaurCta1.P1.antDis.92:650,2008.(4)S.TakamatsuCta1.Myco1.Res.113:1!7,2009.September2012,Vb1.Ume96,Number9Page1376http:/dx.doi.org/10.1094PDIS-03-12-0244-PDNDiseaseNotesFirstRe
16、portofPowderyMi1.dewCausedbyErysiphemac1.eayaeonMac1.eayanicrocarpainPo1.andM.J.Park,S.E.Cho,DivisionofEnvironmenta1.ScienceandEco1.ogica1.Engineering,KoreaUniversity.Seou1.136-701,Korea:M.Piqtek.DepartmentofMyco1.ogy,W.SzaferInstituteofBotany,Po1.ishAcademyofSciences,1.ubicz46,P1.-31-512Krak5w,Po1.
17、and;andII.D.Shin,DivisionofEnvironmenta1.ScienceandEco1.ogica1.Engineering.KoreaUniversity.Seou1.136-70ItKoreaeXtnEIOpencces.Mac1.eayamicroca(Maxim.)Fc99%sequencesimi1.arityoftheiso1.atewithE.mac1.eayaeonM.cordatefromJapan(ABO16048).PathogcnicitywasCOnfinnCdthroughinocu1.ationbygent1.ypressingdiseas
18、ed1.eavesonto1.eavesofthreehea1.thypottedp1.ants.Threenoninocu1.atedp1.antsservedascontro1.s.P1.antsweremaintainedinagreenhouseat25.Inocu1.atedp1.antsdeve1.opedsignsandsymptomsafter7days,whereasthecontro1.p1.antsremainedhea1.thy.Thefunguspresentontheinocu1.atedp1.antswasmorpho1.ogica1.1.yidentica1.t
19、o(hatorigina1.1.yobserveaya1.)fie1.dsduringthewinterandspringseasonsinTaiwan.Itusua1.1.ycausessevereye1.1.owingofthe1.eaf1.aminaandpetio1.eandseriousdefo1.iation.ITireeIyPeSofPOWderymi1.dewfungiwereiso1.atedfrompapaya1.eavesinChiayiCiiy(23.28oN,120.28oE)atthebeginningof2008.Conidiaofthefirstoneweres
20、ing1.e,g1.obose,hya1.ine,and24to3614to18m(average30.215.6m)withoutfibrosinbodiesandwithstraightoroccasiona1.1.yf1.exuousconidiophoresatthebase.Thesecondonehadshortpseudo-chainsoftwotofourconidiawhichweree1.1.ipsoida1.toovoid,hya1.ine,and24to4012to16m(average29.7X13.4m)withoutfibrosinbodies.Thethirdt
21、ypehadchainsofe1.1.ipsoida1.conidiathatwerehya1.ine,24to2812to16m(average26.3X14.4m)andcontainedfibrosinbodies.Toconfirmtheidentityofthethreefungi,theinterna1.transcribedspacer(ITS)regionofrDNwasamp1.ifiedusingtheprimerpairsGI(5,-TCCGGGTGCCGCGGGGAT-3r)Ed2(5,-CGCGTAGAGCCCACGTCGGA-3TGI(5-TCCGTAGGTGAAC
22、CTGCGGAAGGAT-3,On2(5-TGTGATCCATGTGACTGGAA-3,),andSI(5,-GGATCATTACTGAGCGCGAGGCCCCG-3S2(5,-CGC?CGCCCTGGCGCGAGATACA-3,).Thea1.ignmentofobtainedsequences(GcnBankAccessionNos.GU358452,507bp;GU35845I,580bp;andGU358450.455bp)showedasequenceidentityofI(K).99.and99%withtheSsequencesofErysiphediffusa.Oidiumne
23、o1.ycopersici,andPodosphaeraxanthii(GcnBankAccessionNos.H378880.EU909694.andGQ927254).respective1.y.Onthebasisofmorpho1.ogica1.characteristicsandITSsequencesimi1.arities,thesefungiwereidentifiedasE.diffusa(Ckc&PCCk)U.Braun&S.Takam.O.neo1.ycopersici1.Kiss,andP.xanthii(Castagnc)U.Braun&S.Takam.respect
24、ive1.y(1,3).Sing1.eco1.oniesonpapaya1.eavesinfectedwithPOWderymiIdeWwereidentifiedinthe1.aboratoryandmaintainedonpapaya1.eavesasinocu1.um.Pathogcnicitywasconfirmedthroughinocu1.ationsbygent1.ypressingasing1.eco1.onyofeachfungusonto1.eavesofhea1.thypapayaseed1.ings(cv.I1.orng-Fe).Fiveseed1.ingswerein
25、ayae.O.OIriCiCoIa,O.in1.icum,O.papayae,Ovu1.ariopsispaptiyae.P.caricae-apayae.P.macu1.aris.P.xanthii.andS1.rePtOpodiUmcaricaewerereportedtoinfectpapaya(4).Toourknow1.edge,thisisthefistreportofpapayaPoWdCrymi1.dcvcausedbyE.diffusaandO.neo1.ycopersiciinthewor1.dandthefirstreportofthethreefungifoundonp
26、apayainTaiwan.References,.(I)U.BraunandS.Takamatsu.Sch1.echtenda1.ia4:1,2()(X).(2)H.S.ChienandH.I.Wang.J.Agric.Res.China33:320,1984.(3)1.Kisscta1.Myco1.Res.105:684,2001.(4)J.R,1.iberatoeta1.Myco1.Res.108:1185,2004.Citedbyfirstreportofthepowderymi1.dewErysiphedi11usaonsoybeaninAustra1.iaZ.R.MCTaggait
27、M.J.Ry1.ey.andR.GShiVa$Austra1.asianP1.antDiseaseNotesAug2012CrOSSRCfJu1.y2011,Vo1.ume95,Number7Page8791.11tpjdx.doi.org.,10.1(W4PD1S-O4-11-0289DiseaseNotesFirstReportPowderyMi1.dewonRuthsGo1.denAster(Pi1.yopsisruthii)CausedbyGo1.ovinomycescichoracearmiErysiphecichoracearum)R.N.Trigiano.Departmento
28、fEntomo1.ogyandP1.antPatho1.ogy.UniversityofTennessee,Knoxvi1.1.e37996-4560;A.J.Datti1.o1Bio1.ogica1.Comp1.iance,TennesseeVa1.1.eyAuthority,Knoxvi1.1.c37902;andP.X.Wad1.DepartmentofEntomo1.ogyandP1.antPatho1.ogy.UniversityofTennessee.Knoxvi1.1.e37996-4560e-XtraOpenAccegRuthsgo1.denaster(Pityopsisrthii(Sma1.1.)Sma1.1.:Aiccac)isanendangered,herba
