1、TECHNICA1.REPORTISO/TR27922editionFirst2021-02CarbondioxidecaptureOverviewofcarbondioxidecapturetechno1.ogiesinthecementindustryCQPtQgedudioxydedecarboneVuedensemb1.edestechno1.ogiesdeCQptagedudioxydedecarbonedansVindustrieducimentReferencenumberISO/TR27922:2021(E)COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENTISO2021岫r
2、kdea/山thUcdOthcnviscjftc三orrtmcehDVBiwixuioiti08phnn11UatiocBhrhotocp)Mng,ptbcatonpostingontheinternetoranintranet,withoutpriorwrittenpermission.PermissioncanherequestedfromeitherISOattheaddressbe1.oworISsmemberbodyinthecountryoftherequester.%,tft晒Iandonnet8CH-1214*crnicr,GenevaPhone：M1.22749O1.11Pu
3、b1.ishedinSwitzerhndContentsForewordivitroductionScone.v11.3Normativereferences1Termsanddefinitions4CO2andthecementIndUStry4.1Cementmanufacture.14.2CO2emissionsfromIhCcementindustry.34.2.1PPdtion6stiturtno4.2.3Combustionemissions43U4.2.4Emissionscomparedtoothersectors45OVerVieWofCO2canturetechno1.og
4、ies55.1AbsorDtionwithaminesC5.2Absorptionwithchi1.1.edammonia5.4Soiybnttbasedc(ibuspt)ontechno1.ogytecbnk)gies5.5S6Pressureswingadsorptionseparationtechno1.og),Si4DAratinnwithmmhm119-.861.Overviewandassessment136.1AssessmentfactorsofCO2canturetechno1.ncies136.2Casestudyoftechno1.ogica1.andeconomicev
5、a1.uationofCO2capturetechno1.ogies-147Fina1.considerations15Bib1.iography17ForewordISO(theInternationa1.OrganizationforStandardization)isawor1.dwidefederationofnationa1.standardsttiugh(ISOtnnhnfaoibiftnitfsvcekWppbcngbodyinmcDetif1.KiaftStandibjteGnUedwdtmitteehasbeenestab1.ishedhastherighttoberepre
6、sentedonthatcommittee.Internationa1.organizations,governmenta1.andnon-governmenta1.,in1.iaisonwithISO,a1.sotakepartinthework.ISOco1.1.aboratesc1.ose1.ywiththee1.ectrotechnica1.standardization.Internationa1.E1.ectrotechnica1.Commission(IEC)ona1.1.mattersofTheproceduresusedtodeve1.opthisdocumentandtho
7、seintendedforitsfurthermaintenanceare9瑟料福也搬OfISO1.EC(陶曲俺奥小卜如伏孤口监力硼解ftH煦物IM阳fer%cordance&Fhtheeditoria1.ru1.esoftheISO/IECDirectives.Part2(seewww.iso.org/direc1.ives).时歌ionrightsd般掂棚1小嬲脚瞅雌nsi搬球出觎蝌制刊曲ocBMX&鼠犍赧.subjectofanypatentrightsidentifiedduringthedeve1.opmerUW4iouwMM41.beintheIntroductionand/oro
8、ntheISO1.istofpatentdec1.arationsreceived(seewww.iso.org/pa1.ents).Anytradeusedinthisconstitutenameendorsement.documentisinformationgivenfortheconvenienceofusersanddoesnotForanexp1.anationofthevo1.untarynatureofstandards,themeaningofISOspecifictermsand哪蝴蜘明瓶ationc。的福P奥酿睢帕he3iMHi潴IW箱tion南版淮IS)华哂瞬聊硼iso
9、foreword.htn1.Thisdocumentwaspreparedbytransportation,andgeo1.ogica1.storage.Technica1.CommitteeISO/TC265,Carbondioxidecapture,Anyfeedbackorquestionsonthisdocumentshou1.dbedirectedtotheuser,snationa1.standardsbody.Acomp1.ete1.istingofthesebodiescanbefoundatwwwHett1.H4u1.Introductioninfrast11cturebui
10、1.dprovideschoo1.s,sanitationworkp1.aces,roads,rai1.waysimportantports,qua1.itycreatestrong,materia1.sforconcreteareabundantf1.oodsavai1.ab1.einmostpartsexibi1.itytoConcreteaffordab1.e.CementdemandusedHianufacturethereforefordescribedexpectedg1.ueincrease,bytheaggregatestogether.Increasingcementg1.o
11、ba1.production.Theurbanisationconcretepatternscementinfrastructuredeve1.opmentmoreefficient,productioncarbonfootprintindustryisthetargetsemitterOfParisworidwide.TmittedtodecarbonizationCO2cement.c)inkernorma1.cementproductionProeeSSeS,correspondingtoemissions2areS00theavai1.abi1.ityCCnWntIhCSea1.ter
12、nativesis1.imited,andtherep1.acementpotentia1.isa1.so1.imited(dependingonRep1.acementofcarbon-basedfudsasbyCOnoncarbonbascdcontribute1.oweringtherma1.intensityfromdirectwayemissionsduringemissionsproductioncapturingCOthatemissionsre1.atedproductionenergyproduction).permanent1.yintensityre-used.Thema
13、nufacture,asadditiona1.equipmentneededtypica1.1.yincreasesthebeyondthescopethisdocument.demonstrationprojectsincementcompaniesparticipateprojectsPrOVidereSeach,deve1.opmentand/orsummarizesthesetechno1.ogiesCompansoncurrent1.ydifTcrentdevc1.opmen1.This1.echno1.ogiesrSupp1.cmentsandtechno1.ogyoptionsa
14、ndotherre1.evantaspects.Concreteisthemost-usedmanufacturedsubstanceonthep1.anetintermsofvo1.ume.Forexamp1.e.usedtotohomes,deanWater,hospita1.s,andenergy.Theseareandforandtoof1.iferpub1.ichea1.th,andsocia1.andeconomicwe1.1.-being.Rawdurab1.eandresi1.ienttofire,andandpests.Ithastheofthewor1.d,producei
15、scomp1.exandmassivestructures.Thereiscurrent1.ynoothermateria1.thatisavai1.ab1.einthequantitiesnecessarytomeetthedemandforbui1.dingsandinfrastructure.Theisforconcrete,andconcrete.Itiscement,asthetothatbinds12%to23%by2050comparedto2014,aseconomiescontinuetogrow,especia1.1.yinASia.g1.oba1.popu1.ation,
16、useofandandexpectedbecomewi1.1.increa:andconcretepoursa1.theapp1.icationphaseareexpectedtodecrease.Thecementsectorfacesthecha1.1.engeofmeetinganincreasingdemandforitsproductwhi1.ecuttingdirectCOzemissionsfromitsreducetheir7).Thecementtomeeta1.argeoftheCOzAgreement*onc1.imateisProcessemissionsarising
17、fromtheproductionofcementc1.inkerpresentafundamenta1.cha1.1.engetorangeof500kgof/tonneInto540kgCOz/tonnedinke11these250kgCOtoinkgCOzpertonneofcementdependingonthetypeofcement.Rep1.acementof1.imestoneasrawmateria1.switha1.ternativerawmateria1.swith1.owercarbonatecontentcanreducetheseprocessemissions,
18、butrequiredofqua1.ities).CombustionemissionsareanothercontributortoCOzemissionsinadditiontotheprocessemissions.biomasssources(beingconsidered2neutra1.)wi1.1.energytosourcesandCarbonenergytheenergysupp1.yforthecementindustryinthefuture.OnetoreduceCO2theIsprocess2andre1.easedinthe1.oca1.ofcement(bothC
19、O2captureisanemergingapproachforCO2abatementinthecementindustry.ItmeansthatCO2arisingfromthecombustionoffue1.sandfromthetreatmentofrawmateria1.scou1.dbecapturedandspecificenergyStQredorofcementintegrationofCO2CaPtUeenergyistooperatetheCO2capturep1.ant,fo1.1.owedbydrying,purificationandcompressionoft
20、hecapturedCOzfortransportation,(geo1.ogica1.)storageand/oruti1.ization7.CO2transportation,(geo1.ogica1.)storageanduti1.izationarcTodate,no1.arge-sca1.eCOzCaPtUringtechno1.ogieshavebeeninsta1.1.edinthecementindustry.However,differenttechno1.ogiesareunderdeve1.opmenttosupportthecementindustryinachievi
21、ngtheirobjectives.Variousthefie1.dofCO2capture.Theseinonemoreusefu1.informationabouttheapp1.icationofthevarioustechno1.ogiesinthecementindustry.Tofaci1.itateassessmentandthatareoftheunderCOzcapturingsummarythisdocumentupdatestheinformationprovidedinISO/TR27912:2016,C1.ause10oncapturefromcementproduc
22、tionprocesses.Thisdocumentwi1.1.informthecementindustryandtheirstakeho1.dersonCO2capture2000(hptatW唧IantqhMttMHfu0ttnQ(rettwatnrp(H由唔Ihinyoikiuocje4O(B(CthtmcyorB4母;aboutthesep1.antsbeing1.ocatedinAsia.CO2captureimp1.ementationinthecementindustryatg1.oba1.1.eve1.wou1.dneedatransportandstorageinfrast
23、ructuretofaci1.itatethedecarbonizationofcementp1.ants哪tfg盟i6M婕朗1%Ca1.限丽gecost包0R6钳%涮即faci瞄f曲锯try.withtheinvestmentsinCOzCarbondioxidecaptureOverviewofcarbondioxidecapturetechno1.ogiesinthecementindustry1Scopedioxide(COz)thatisgeneratedduringcementmanufacture.Thisdoradditives6fi1.terandchimney15cemen
24、tmi1.1.s7rawmea1.homogenization16cementstorage8preheating17CementdiSPa1.Ch9pu1.verizedcoa1.Ifitransportationbybu1.korbagsFigure1CementmanufacturezjC1.inkerisgroundtogetherwithgypsumtoproducecement.Dependingontherequiredtechnica1.即fpurtks&fnh出PwPIwwciHjQdMmW11db1.ciUidmUaXWiibhstdifTcrentcementtypes.
25、Cementcanheproducedattheki1.nsite,oratseparategrindingorb1.endingp1.ants.B1.endedcementsorcombinationscana1.sobeproduceda1.theconcretep1.ant.Thecementmaking,8SPS891RdequiVfifHff.contro1.ofthechemica1.formu1.ationandinvo1.vesmu1.tip1.estepsthat4.2COzemissionsfromthecementindustry4.2.1 Productionproce
26、ssdescriptionFigure2schematica1.1.yshowstheprocessstepsofcementmanufacture.TherearetwomainsourcesofdirectCOzemissionsintheproductionprocessofcement:ca1.cinationofrawmateria1.sinthepyro-processingstage(60%to70%ofdirectCO2emissionsresu1.tingfromthechemica1.breakdownOf1.imestonewhenitisheatedtohightemp
27、erature);andcombustionofki1.nfue1.s(30%to40%ofdirectCO2emissions).F1.uegasinthecementindustryhasare1.ative1.yhighCO2content(typica1.1.y20%toabout30%CO2).OtherCO2sourcesinc1.udedirectgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsfromnon-ki1.nfue1.s(e.g.dryersfor陈胡触GBR喇嘛卵6三自gr股暇na1.h曲洲妒n节除根f1.鄙血de涧用MAP啾IkQ暝鞭惊而陶血RawRM1.e
28、rUISUPP1.yCaicnt5onrhcrmaienK1.cctrtcityQUJ11)511g4刈4CnAhiDC4andIitroUSOXide(NzO),emissioFue1.prrar(ionCakt-(UtionIhcrru1.energy：-t11cixyCrathsnf.Chnd1.r1.C.sofnonCO21.reRnhOUSREaSeSafneg1.igib1.e!.R3wnutcr1.preparationCa1.cS-11XonThImVE1.ectricityGnnding41.1.o-gcn山ng4Dryingor如FryEC1.inkerproduction
29、Pyroproe3inOkirutionTbenrvi1.rneryEtec-i11h.a!I1.CHbOrU7-MionOmkef1.AgCo1.ir.Oki-MWnTMmuIenergyE1.K-ECttyCrushingOryE1.S.*CementKriMiI工QJd-rwhRTherma1.E1.ecIrtc1.tyGcndr.JcrATr11(yE1.cessisca1.1.edca1.cining*orca1.cination.Itresu1.tsindirectCOzemissionsthroughtheki1.n1.1.3 CombustionemissionsTheceme
30、ntindustrytraditiona1.1.yusesvariousfossi1.fue1.stooperatecementki1.ns,inc1.udingcoa1.,PetMItuufkeUmbaifossi1.fuak侬WheSeFUOftatUhhUe1.dartctrtinS(Wf1.bimportantaswasteoi1.andp1.astics,aswe1.1.asbiomass-derivedfractionssuchaswastewoodanddewatereds1.udgefromwastewatertreatment.Furthermore,fue1.swhichc
31、ontainbothfossi1.andbiogeniccarbon0三但曲怆福】谪怖照g1.y三1.庶燧舟G丹阳辨Wft1.e删用Sft1.ii4a1.u硼物靓位劭1Mtyis11tdirtrnign1.haratijerizedd1.ffetctfro11ttewwdtpfitu6tionconditions,suchasf1.uegascomposition,temperature,anddustandmoisturecontent.Consequent1.y,(standard)COacapturetechno1.ogiesarenotnecessari1.yapp1.icab1.ei
32、nthecementindustry.4.3 CO2purificationaftercaptureForCOztransport.CO2storageand/orCOzuti1.ization,purity1.eve1.sabove96%COzarerecommended.tKftmd811M)iIdWgwreVithaVtwbh1ItginE;由eIt灿裁Jfde神)(1e3明眈曲班渺nnashappjrop很tionxd1.reduceinvestmentand/orenergyuse.High-pressuref1.ashseparationcanbeattractive,asthep
33、roducedCO2f1.owwi1.1.becompressedbeforetransportSimi1.ar1.y,separationby1.ow-temperature1.iquefactionof用晒Wbea则悔鲍购thp帆Cgyt1Wt1.的ItfiCatiO擀曲睢IeaPtUrrCO砂砌蟒ecifica1.1.yaddressedinthisdocument.4.4 Abatementtechno1.ogiesingenera1.Fordecades,severa1.CO2emissionabatementtechno1.ogiesandmeasureshavebeenusedi
34、nthecementindustrytoreducetheprocessandcombustionemissions.Theygenera1.1.yfa1.1.intofourcategoriesp):a) Improvingenergyefficiency:dep1.oyingexistingstate-of-the-arttechno1.ogiesinnewcementp1.antsandretrofittingexistingfaci1.itiestoimproveenergyperformance1.eve1.swheneconomica1.1.yviab1.e.b) *iWbm侬财山
35、t3bmmeAe1.sa*a11山的atMa1.sft如山TbORGnUmkkdNmQffw?HttonaIeonS1.f呻Sibnoffossi1.fue1.s.Uti1.izingwastes,inc1.udingbiogenicandnonbiogenicwastesources,whichwou1.dotherwisebesenttoa1.andfi1.1.site,burntinincineratorsorimproper1.ydestroyed.c) 邺叨ftntt能依E1.ements,B5aseincinga6必QI炖nrequ峰Bmawy6M砸rk/ementorpercub
36、icmetreofconcreteproduced.d) Usingemergingandinnovativetechno1.ogiesthat:contributetothedecarbonisationofe1.ectricitygenerationbyadoptingwasteheatrecoverytechno1.ogiestogeneratee1.ectricityfromrecoveredtherma1.energy,whichwou1.dotherwisebeUMttMafiipmttheadoptionofrenewab1.e-basedpowergenerationtechn
37、o1.ogies,suchasso1.arintegratecarbondioxidecaptureintothecementmanufacturingprocessfor1.ong-1.astingorpermanentstorage；integratecarbondioxidecaptureandre-usefornewproducts,inc1.udingrecarbonationofconcreteandminera1.isationof(recyc1.ed)aggregates.3-ectC01hiftniwgedutfwwipoftc1.(1.hsw9QSte-ersoptions
38、ft1.UaysiAWr,cttoee)nJMr)ntfM4du1.fygenera1.1.yrequiresgreaterspecifictherma1.energyande1.ectricityduetotheirhighermoisturecontentthanfossi1.fue1.s,theoperationoftheki1.nwithincreasedinputofambientaircomparedtoCOnVentiOna1.fossi1.fue1.sandthepre-treatmentofa1.ternativefue1.sp.5OverviewofCOzcapturetech
