七年级英语下册Unit3Howdoyougettoschool词汇、短语、固定搭配、知识点、语法详解.pdf

1 畅游学海敢搏风浪誓教金榜题名。决战高考，改变命运。凌风破浪击长空，擎天揽日跃龙门 Unit 3 How do you go to school? 一、重点单词： 1. 火车 n_ 2. 公交车 n_ pl._ 3. 骑；旅行v&n_ 4. 百 _ 5. 远；远的adv&adj_ 6. 新的 adj_ op._ 7. 每一，每个 _ syn._ 8. 开车 v_ 9. 小汽车，轿车n_ 10. 居住，生活v_ v-ing._ 11. 车站，停止n&v_ pt._ 12. 横过，越过v_ 三单 _ 13. 河，江 n_ 14. 许多 adj&pron_ 15. 村庄，村镇n_ 16. 介于之间prep_ 17. 桥 n_ 18. 小船 n_ 19. 年，岁 n_ 20. 害怕，惧怕adj._ 21. 离开 v_ v-ing_ pt._ 22. 梦想；做梦n&v_ 23. 真的，符合事实的adj_ 24. 自行车 n_ 二、重点短语： 1.take the train/bus/subway 2.by train/bus/subway 3.between you and me 4.cross the river 5.ride a bike 6.by bike 7.many of the students 8.an eleven-year-old boy 9.walk to sp. 10.be afraid to do sth =be afraid of doing sth 11.on foot =get to school 12.be afraid of sb./sth. 13.how far 14.play with my classmates 15.from A to B 16.be like=look like 17.have a good day 18.leave the village 19.how long 20.come true 21.drive his car to work 22. the villagers dream 23.think of the trip 24.thanks for doing sth. 25.for many people 26.at the bus stop 27.a very big river 28.get there by bus 三、重点句型： 1. How does she get to school?她如何到校？ -She usually rides her bike.她通常骑 自行车 2. _ _ is it _ your home _school?你家离学校多远？ It s about two kilometers.大约两公里。 3. _ _does _ _ you to get to school?到校花费你多长时间？ _ _ me about 15 minutes.花我 15 分钟。 4. _ _ _ two hours _ _ _ Shenzhen _ _.坐飞机去 深圳花我们2 个小时。 5. _ _ not easy _ _ the river on a ropeway.坐索道过河不容易。 6. There _ _ bridge.没有桥。 7. The river _ too quickly for boats.对小船来说河水流的太快。 8. He _ _ a father _ me.他对于我来说像个父亲。 2 9. Can their dream _ _.他们的梦想能实现吗? 10. Why do they go to school like this?他们为什么像这样上学？ 四、基础知识释疑： 1、 How do you get to school？ (1) how是疑问副词，意为“如何, 怎样，用什么手段”。本句为how引导的特殊疑问句， 用以询问交通工具。 take + a/the + 表示交通工具的名词，是动词短语，在句中作谓语。 by + 表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in + a/the +表示交通工具的单数名词，是介 词短语，作方式状语。交通工具空间较大、开放性的用on, 相反则用in. eg: I _ _ school= I get/go to school _ _. I _ my bike./ I get to school _ _./ I get to school_ _ _ I _the bus./ I get to school _ _./ I get to school _ _ _. 【注意】 by + 表示交通工具的单数名词时，名词前不能加任何冠词或者其他修饰词。 (2)get 在句中为不及物动词，意为“到达”， 常与 to 连用， 但是表示目的地的词是副词 here 、there 、home等时，则不需要用介词to 。 eg: They ll _ _ Beijing at six tonight.他们今晚六点将达到北京 I ll _ _ on time. 我会准时到达那里 2、 It takes about 25 minutes to walk. It takes sb sometime to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 【辨析】 spend, cost, pay 与 take (1)spend 的主语必须是人。常用于spendon sth或 spend(in) doing sth.意为“某 人花时间 / 金钱做某事”。 eg: I spent 5 dollars on the book.=I spent 5 dollars _ (buy) the book. (2)cost的主语只能是事情。 常用于 sth cost sb some money意为“某物花费某人多少钱”。 eg: The skirt _ her 200 yuan.那裙子花费她200 元。 (3)pay的主语必须是人。长用于sb pay some money for sth.意为“某人为某物付款”。 eg: He_ 1000 yuan _ the TV set. (4)take用于 It takes sb some time( money) to do sth. 句型中。 eg: It _ half an hour _ _ _ school on foot.步行上学花费他半小 时。 . 3、 Then the early bus takes him to school. take to 意为“把带到” 【辨析】 take ，bring与 fetch take 意为“带走，拿走”，强调从说话地将人和物带走别的地方去 brin g 意为“带走”，强调将某人或某物从别的地方带到说话地来 fetc h 意为“去拿，去取”，即离开说话地去取某物后再回来，强调动作的往返 4、How do students around the world get to school ? (1) 意为“环绕；围绕；绕过” eg: The earth moves around the sun. (2) 表示“在四周” eg: There are many trees around the playground. (3) 表示“在的附件” eg: Is there a park around here ? (4) 表示“大约”，常与数字连用 eg: He goes to school at around8 o colck. 5、 In North America, not all student take the bus to school. 3 not all这 个结构所表达的意思通常是“部分否定”，意为“并不是所有的都”。 当 not 用于代词all, many, much, every, both前时，均属于部分否定。 eg: Not all that glitters is gold. 发光的并不都是金子。 6、 I have a map but its in Chinese, and I only speak English. in Chinese “用汉语”， in 表示“用”，主要用“用某种语言，用某种材料，用某 种方式”。 eg: I paid the bill in cash. 【辨析】 say, speak, talk与 tell say 意为“说，讲”，它针对的是说话的内容 speak 意为“说， 讲”，不强调说话的内容，但有时指讲某种语言， （在会上） 发言要用speak talk 意为“谈话；交谈”，有不及物动词和名词两种词性，常与with,about或 to 搭配 tell 意为“说；告诉”，侧重于“告诉”的含义多一些，常用tell sb about sth “告诉 某人关于某事“和tell sb (not )to do sth “告诉某人（不要）做某事” 【辨 析】 look, read, see与 watch look “看”表动作，强调“看”的动作，多以词组形式出现，如look at, look like,.look after等 read 意为“读”，多指看书、看报、看杂志、看图等 see 意为“看见，看到”，侧重于“看”的结果，常用句式：see sb do/doing sth watch 意为“观看，注视”，指非常仔细地、有目的地、特定地看，多接比赛、电视 二、语法讲解how引导的特殊疑问句 1、how引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式。其答语分三种情况： take a/the + 交通工具（单数） by + 交通工具（单数） on/in + 限定词 + 交通工具 eg: How do you go to work every day? I drive to work./I go to work by car./ I go to work in my car. 2 、how far 用来提问距离，意为“多远”。其答语分为两种情况： 用长度单位表示 eg: How far is it from your home to the bus stop ? It s five kilometers. 用时间表示 eg: How far is the park from the shop ? It s ten minutes walk. 3 、how long 用来提问时间，意为“多久”。 eg: How long have you been in America? For two years. 单元测试题 一、 . 单项选择 ( 每小题 1 分，共 10 分) ( )1. Peter usually goes to school by _ bus. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 ( )2. My English teacher is very good. She is like my mother _ me. A. to B. for C. with D. of ( )3. _ does your father go to work? He rides his bike. A. Where B. When C. How D. Why 4 ( )4. The train _ the train station at 8:40 every morning. A. crosses B. runs C. leaves D. comes ( )5. _ is it from your school to the train station? Five kilometers. A. How s B. How old C. How long D. How far ( )6. For some students, its difficult _ school. A. to get to B. get to C. to get D. get ( )7. Sam has a bike. He _ it to school every day. A. takes B. rides C. walks D. drives ( )8. Does Peter walk home? _. He takes the bus. A. No, he doesntB. Yes, he does C. No, he isn t D. Yes, he is ( )9. How long does it take you to go to the bus station? _. A. About twenty kilometers B. I ride my bike C. About half an hour by subway D. I get there quickly ( )10. Have a good day at school, Susan! _. A. Me, too B. You, too C. Bye D. Fine 二、完形填空( 每小题 1 分，共 10 分) Chris is 12 years old. He 11 in a village in England. The school in his village is not far 12 his home, so Chris often goes to school on foot (步 行). Chris usually gets up at about 7:00 in the morning. It is not 13 . So he has a quick breakfast. He 14 for school at about 7:50. It takes him about 10 minutes to 15 to school. He gets to school at about 16 oclock. Sometimes Chris rides his bike to school. School starts at 8:10. His favorite subject is math. He thinks numbers are 17 . Chris has a 18 . He hopes (希望 ) to go to a big city like London some day ( 某一天 ). So he can take the subway. “I 19 take the subway. It must be a lot fun,” he says. Can his dream 20 ? “Sure, it can,” says Chris. ( )11. A. lives B. works C. teaches D. plays ( )12. A. on B. in C. from D. at ( )13. A. late B. early C. bad D. good ( )14. A. goes B. comes C. leaves D. gets ( )15. A. take B. ride C. meet D. walk ( )16. A. six B. eight C. nine D. ten ( )17. A. quick B. right C. interesting D. free 5 ( )18. A. habit B. bridge C. dream D. friend ( )19. A. never B. often C. usually D. always ( )20. A. have fun B. come true C. have time D. come in 三、阅读理解( 每小题 2 分，共 20 分) A “Come on, Dad! Its 7:20 a.m. now,” says Harry. “I need to wash ( 洗) the car now,” Mr. Smith says. “You walk to school this morning, OK? ” “But the school is a little far,” says Jane. “Walking is good. Now get your schoolbags and go!” Then Jane and Harry walk to school. It takes 30 minutes. When they get to school, they are very tired. In the evening, Jane and Harry have a big meal (饭) with their grandfather. They tell him they are not happy to walk to school. Grandpa says, “Thats good for you. I used to (过去常常 ) walk five miles to school every day.” “Really? ” Jane says. “But I don t like walking.” Grandpa says, “Kids ( 小孩) need to walk or run every day. It s good for your health. “Oh, I ll start walking every day,” Harry says. “I d like to be healthy.” “I will join you, Harry,” says Jane. ( )21. Who usually takes Jane and Harry to school? A. Their father. B. Their mother. C. Their sister. D. Their grandfather. ( )22. How do Jane and Harry get to school this morning? A. They ride a bike. B. They take the subway. C. They walk. D. They take a bus. ( )23. The underlined word “tired ” means “_” in Chinese. A. 兴 奋 的B. 疲 惫 的C. 伤 心 的D. 轻松的 ( )24. Jane and Harry _ with their grandfather in the evening. A. have dinner B. take a walk C. go swimming D. watch TV ( )25. 下面的陈述哪项是正确的？ A. Jane and Harry arent in the same school. B. It takes Janes father 30 minutes to wash his car. C. Jane s grandfather thinks kids need to ride to school. D. Harry will start walking because he wants to be healthy. B Hi, Im Mary. I live on a small island (岛), but I work in a small city. So I take a boat from the island to the city every day. It usually takes about 35 minutes to get to the city. Then I walk to my company (公司). Its only a 5?minute walk. My name is Sarah and Im an E nglish teacher. I take the train to work every 6 day. The trains run every 20 minutes. The train station is near my home. It only takes 10 minutes from my home to my school. Hello, Im Maria and Im a college student (大学生). I live in the college. The college is very big. I walk from one building (楼房 ) to another. Sometimes it takes 15 minutes to get from one building to the next. When I want to buy some clothes with my friends outside the college, we usually take a bus. The buses dont run after 10:00 p.m. So when we come back after that time, we have to take a taxi (出 租车 ). 根据材料内容判断正(T) 误 (F) 。 ( )26. Mary goes to work first by boat, and then on foot. ( )27. It takes Sarah 15 minutes to get to her school from her home by train. ( )28. There is only one train from Sarahs home to her school every day. ( )29. Maria goes from one building to another in her college by bus. ( )30. Maria and her friends cant take a bus back to her college after 10:00 p.m. 四、补全对话( 每小题 2 分，共 10 分) 根据对话内容写出所缺句子。 A: Morning, Linda! B: Morning! A: (31)_? B: I live in a village. A: (32)_? B: I think it is far. Its about ten kilometers from my home to school. I need to get up early. A: (33)_? B: I usually get up at 5:40. A: (34)_? B: Yes, I eat breakfast at home. A: (35)_? B: I always walk to school. Sometimes, I take the bus. A: I think walking is good for your health. B: You are right. I like walking very much. 7 五、词汇运用( 每小题 1 分，共 10 分) A)根据句意及所给首字母提示，补全句中所缺单词。 36. There are n students in the small school. Forty of them are boys and fifty are girls. 37. Bob has a car and he d it to work every day. 38. There is a bus stop b the library and the club. 39. My parents are busy and I have to l with my grandparents. 40. He thinks his dream can come t . B)根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 41. Its ten _(kilometer) from the bus station to my school. 42. There are six _ ( hundred ) students in their school. 43. There are two _(boat) in the river. 44. Jane _(cross) the bridge to school every day. 45. The students are all from one _(village). 六、完成句子( 每小题 2 分，共 30 分) A)根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词( 含缩略形式 ) 。 46. They go to work by bike every day. (一般疑问句 )_ they _ to work by bike every day? 47. Does Dave play basketball after school? (作否定回答 )_, he _. 48. The boy usually gets to school on foot. ( 同义句 )The boy usually _ _ school. 49. It takes about an hour to get to the library. (提问 )_ _ does it take to get to the library? 50. Mary goes to the train station by subway. ( 提问 )_ _ Mary go to the train station? B)根据横线后的标点，将所给单词连成完整、正确的句子。 51. work, to, father, does, your, drive_? 52. takes, minutes, bus, about, the, ride, thirty_. 53. bike, dream, really, new, to, have, it, my, is, a_. 54. some, school, to, students, for, easy, it, to, get, is_. 55. stop, he, minutes, needs, get, to, bus, the, twenty, to_. C) 根据汉语提示完成下列句子 ( 每空一词 ) 56. 通常你怎样去上学。我通常骑车去上学。 - _ _ you usually go to school?- I usually go to school _ _. 57. 地铁站离汽车站大约有300 米远。 The subway station is _ 300 _ _ _ the bus stop. 58. 他通常每天用一小时做作业。 It usually _ _ half an hour _ _ his homework every day. 8 59. 你家离学校有多远？ _ _ is it _ your home _ school? 60. 从你家到学校大约要花多少时间？ _ _ does it _ you _ get to school from your home? 七、书面表达(10 分) 假如 Bob 是你的朋友， 他是一名学生， 他父母在同一家服装店上班。根据下面表格中的内 容用英语写一篇短文描述他一家人上学及上班的情况。 要求： 1. 必须包括表格内所有信息； 2. 60 词左右，可适当发挥。 WhoBob Bobs parents WhereFrom home to school From home to the store HowBy bike By bus How farAbout 2 km About 10 km How longAbout 15 minutes About 30 minutes _ _ _ _ _ _ _