最新中考英语连词讲义+习题.pdf

学习 -好资料 更多精品文档 语法专项六 连词 一、连词的定义：连词是连接字、短语、从句与句子的词，是虚词，因此它不能独立担任句子成分。 二、连词的分类：连词主要分为两大类并列连词和从属连词。 三、并列连词：并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、词组或分句。 它包括： and，or，but，so，for，bothand，either or ，neither nor ，not only but also ， as well as. (1)表并列关系的and, both and, not only but also, neither nor, as well as (2)表选择关系的or, either or (3)表转折关系的but (4)表因果关系的for, so 1、 and：和，并且 （1）表示 “ 和” 、“ 而且 ” 的意思，用来连接对等关系的字和字，短语与短语，句子与句子。 Eg: He got up and put on his hat. Eg: I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park. （2） 单词或词组如果是三个以上连接，一般在最后的单词或词组前加and。 另外 “and”在译成中文时不一定要翻译出“ 和 ” Eg: Mary visited Beijing , Shanghai and Hong Kong. （3）and用于祈使句中，句型：祈使句，and=If you ， you'll Eg: Use your head，and you'll find a way.=If you use your head ，you'll find a way. Eg: Hurry up ， and you'll catch the bus.=If you hurry up ，you'll catch the bus. 2、or： 或，或者，否则 （1）or 表示 “ 或 ” 的意思，用于两者之中选择一个。Eg: Would you like coffee or tea ？ （2）注意 “A or B ”作主语时，谓语动词随or 后面的词（ B）而定。 Eg: Tom or I am right. Eg: Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room. （3）用于祈使句中，句型：祈使句，or=If you don't， you'll 译成 “ 请 ，否则 ” ， 有转折的意思。 Eg: Hurry up ， or you'll miss the bus.=If you don't hurry up，you'll miss the bus. Eg: Study hard，or you'll fail in the exam.=If you don't study hard，you'll fail in the exam. 3、but：但是，可是，而 （1）但是，而，可是。表示转折关系。 Eg: He is old，but he looks very young. （but 后面省略了主语Li Li ，因为与前面的主语成分相同） Eg: Mary likes violin ， but Tom doesn't. （doesn't 后面省略了like violin ，因为与前面的成分相同） （2）在英文中， but 和 although 不能在一起使用。 Eg: Although it was raining hard , but they went on working. (错) Eg: It was raining hard ,but they went on working.(对) Eg: Although it was raining hard, they went on working.(对) 4、 so， for （1）so：所以，因此，于是 学习 -好资料 更多精品文档 Eg: My teacher asked me to go ，so I went. （2）so 除了作连词外，也可以作副词。 Eg: I hope you can pass the exam. I hope so. Eg: Don't walk so fast. （3）for：因为 Eg: I soon went to sleep， for I was tired. Eg：The sun has risen，for the birds are singing. 5、both and ： 和，既 也 （两者都） （1）bothand构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Eg: Both Li Ming and Li Li are good students. （2）bothand的否定句表示部分否定。 Eg:He can't play both the violin and the piano. （不全会） Eg: Both Li Ming and Li Li are not good students.（其中一个是好学生） 6、either or 和 neither nor （1）either or ： 或 或 ；不是 就是 1）either or 构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词随其邻近的词，即or 后面的词而定。 （就近原则） Eg: Either you or he is right. Eg：Either my sister or my mother comes. 2）either· · ·or 的否定句是全否定。 Eg: Either you or he isn't right. 你和他都不对 Eg: I don't want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai.天津和上海我都不想参观。 （2）neither nor：既不 也不 1）构成的词组做主语时，谓语动词的用法和either or 的用法一样，由nor 后面的词而定。 （就近原则） Eg: Neither you nor I am right. Eg： Neither you nor he was selected for the job. 2）neither· · ·nor 是全否定，因此不能再用否定式，即不能再加not。 Eg:（× ）Neither You nor I am not right. 7、not only but also：不但 而且 not only but also构成的词组担任主语时，谓语动词随but also 后面的部分而定。 （就近原则） Eg: Not only you but also your father is coming. Eg: Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan. 8、as well as : 又、不但·· ·而且 （1）as well as 构成的词组担任主语时，谓语动词随前面的词而定。（就远原则） eg: Jim as well as his parents joins in the party. （2）该句型可以和“not only but also ”互换， not only A but also B = B as well as A ，前者强调的是B, 在 not only 之 后，后者强调的也是B，在 as well as 之前。翻译时，要先翻译as well as 后面的词。 Eg: The child is not only healthy but also lively = The child is lively as well as healthy. 这孩子既健康又活泼。 四、从属连词：从属连词用来引导从句，它包括：that， when，while , as, till ， until ， after， before， since， 学习 -好资料 更多精品文档 because ，if， though，although，so that ，as soon as 常见的从属连词有： 1、 that： （1）that 引导名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句）和定语从句， Eg: I think （that） he likes football. （2）如果主句的动词是think ， believe ；如果主句的主语是第一人称，变为否定句时，要否定主句，译成中文时， 则否定从句。 （否定前移） Eg: I believe you will leave here. Eg： I don't believe you will leave here. 2、 when，while，before, after , as soon as ， till, until , since when， while， till ， until， since， after， before， as soon as等是连接时间状语从句的连词。当主句是将来时， 从句要用一般现在时。 （1）注意 while 所引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的，不能用点动词。（如 begin，stop ） Eg： While I read, she sang. Eg: I entered the room while （ when） Li Ming was talking with her. （2）since 引导的是一个过去时的句子，说明自当时以来到现在（自从两年前以来），主句一般要用现在完成时。 Eg: I have learned more than two thousand English words since I began learning English two years ago. （3）till 和 until 若主句的动词是终止性动词，则要用否定式。 Eg: I didn't go to sleep until （till ）I finished my homework. Eg: We won't work until （till ） our teacher teaches us how to do it. Eg: He stayed there till / until his mother came back. （4）Eg: When he arrives there, he will call you. Eg: He came to China after the war was over.= The war was over before he came to China. Eg: As soon as I get the present, I ll tell you. 3、because ：因为，连接原因状语从句 （1）回答 Why 问句时，只能用because，不能用 for 或 as. Eg: Why are you late ？Because I met a traffic accident on my way here. （2）汉语中，我们经常说因为 所以，但在英文中有了because，就不能再用so。 Eg: （× ）Because he was tired， so he couldn't walk there. 4、if，though （although） （1）if：如果（引导条件从句） Eg: You can pass the exam if you study hard. （2）though，although：虽然（引导让步状语从句）和原因状语从句一样，如果用了though， although （虽然）就不 能再用 but（但是）。 Eg: Although （Though） I live near the sea， I'm not a good swimmer. =I live near the sea，but I'm not a good swimmer. 5、so that ： 太 以致 若 that 后跟的从句是否定从句，可以与too· · ·to 互换。 Eg: He is so old that he can't work. = He is too old to work. 学习 -好资料 更多精品文档 Eg: The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.=The box is too heavy for me to lift. Eg: The girl is so beautiful that everybody likes her. 注意注意此句型与too to 的互换。 sothat 在肯定句中不能转换成too to 。 代词专项习题 1. Going to the movies is good ，_ I really only like listening to music. A. and B. but C. so D. or 2. The tomato is in fact a fruit ，_ it is eaten as a vegetable. A. because B. if C. when D. although 3.Get up early，_ you ll be late for school. A.so B.and C.or D.but 4._ my cousin is very young ，_ she can help with the housework. A. Once；不填B.Though；but C. Although ；不填 5. I will be very happy _ you come to my party. A. if B. though C. or 6. He had a bad cold，_ he kept on working as usual A. so B. but C though 7. What happened just now？A car hit an old lady at the crossing. She was hurt ，_ not badly. A. and B. or C. only D. but 8. _ I live in a safe community ，I still feel a little worried when I go out at night. A. Although B. Since C. Until 9. Be quiet，my kids，_ you will have to stay outside ，because this is a library. A. and B. because C. or D. but 10. Be careful，_ you llmake fewer mistakes in the exam. A. or B. but C. and 11. Rose，you are so thin. You should eat more， _ you ll make yourself ill. A. or B. if C. and D. but 12. You wont pass the exam _ you dont work hard. OK ，I ll do my best. A. and B. but C. if D. so 13. A: Do you like popular songs ？B: Yes，I do._ I m too busy to enjoy them. A. But B. So C. And 14. Work harder，_ you will not keep with others. A. and B. or C. so 15._ the winter in Harbin is rather cold ， the city is still attractive to the visitors throughout the world. A. Although B. But C. So 16. Be quick， _ we ll be late for school. A. and B. but C. or D. so 学习 -好资料 更多精品文档 17. Youd better take care， _you will hurt your eyes. A. so B. but C. or D. and 18. I hear Tom is leaving. _ why ？ A. And B. But C. Or D. So 19. Hurry up ，Tom，_ we ll be late for the film Dearest. A. or B. but C. and D. so 20. Leave the reference books behind，_ you wont be able to think independently. A. or B. and C. so D. but 21. can help us travel around more easily. _ more and more people like using them A. Or B. So C.And D. But 22. It is raining hard ，_ the farmers are still working in the field. So they are. A. and B. but C. so 23. Write down the telephone number ，_ you ll forget it. A. or B. and C. so 24. Youd better wake up Tom at 6:30，_ he will be late for the match. A. if B. or C. and D. but 25. Hello，Joyce，you are busy. Can I give you a hand？Thanks very much， _ I can manage. A. and B. or C. so D. but 26. Mike did something wrong, _ the headmaster is talking with him. A. so B. but C. and D. or 27. Excuse me. Do you have a table for two? -I m sorry, _ there aren t any seats now. Would you mind waiting for a while? A. but B. and C. or D. so 28. Stop cutting trees, _ the earth will become worse and worse. A. and B. but C. or D. then 29. Do you want to stay at home _ go shopping with us? A. and B. but C. or D. so 30. The song was _ old _ few young people could sing. A. enough; to B. so; that C. as; as D. too; to 31. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, _ he can t understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills. A. so B. or C. but D. for 32. _the soldiers _the captain have been to Greece before. A. Both andB. Not only but alsoC. Neither norD./ .as well as 33. _ my mother _ my sister watches football games these days. A. Either; nor B. Both; and C. Neither; nor D. Neither; or 34. Mr. Smith is an English teacher _ will teach us English next term. A. or B. and C. but D. so 35. I may live _ in a hotel _ in a friend s house. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. between; and 36. I m sorry, _ I can t help you with your homework. You d better do it yourself. A. and B. but C. or D. then 37. I think we should get this liquid crystal computer, _ it won t take up more space. A. but B. although C. because D. so 38. Stop smoking, _ you will get better soon. A. and B. or C. that D. after 39. We bought Mary a pair of sunglasses as her birthday present, _ she didn t like it. 学习 -好资料 更多精品文档 A. and B. but C. or D. so 40. It was very late, _ the students still went on repairing their desks and chairs. A. and B. or C. so D. but 41. Though we teachers have _ money _ time, we should still be responsible for the students. A. both; and B. neither; nor C. either; or D. not; but 42. Surf the internet, _you ll get the information that you need. A. and B. or C. but D. although A. either B. neither C. both D. all 44. _ Tom _ Mary is busy. You d better play with others. A. Both, and B.Neither, nor C. Either, or D. Not only, but also 45. We love spring _there are beautiful flowers everywhere. A. although B. because C. but D. or 46. Mary ordered an MP3 player from internet _she could save a lot of time. A. so that B. though C. in order to D. as soon as 47. Bob spends a lot of money on books_he is not rich. A. if B.though C. because D. but 1-5BBCCA 6-10BCABA 11-15 ACABA 16-20 CBBAA 21-25 CBABA 26-30 DABDD 31-35 ADCDA 36-40 BBBBA 41-45 BBACC 46-50 ABDBB 51-55 CABCD 56-60 CBCAB 61-65 CADAD