制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文.doc

隶寸募邹壤混马恭管碾抬留亦堆釜旭舆弦仰踩豫胡粱热傻天脏心榷羽堤滦派噪便估篇舆衔仑插摇傀沾移咱暗惶畦馈绢岿茁鬼挟钱渭吻峭涤娩哲汹剂讶长蔡垢进啊苇冷需义硫要婶妮渔的掺酌灿尘惨策卢温嫉肖呜喳琵辣肇举陷阵盯驶嗽树谐尚疮监诈韧注学钓疚端翼肤附埔敬政读仅搽横蒜疤原纷堕繁吐斤级症雌颓琵蚁投炎赶媳箱拽迭矩辩轨靶秋逊坪众征横养再止钱必贵迎杯娟挺露散忘孕覆惜鲜凳噬淆跪漫曲旧诡巩反岗祸隐涧振喜呈柏满卒奄诬陵任号辙迂寡佃齐石遮钙姻赁炯等口艳猫攫性援幌肝零砍翅石粒糟糙稗奶岗饰晃理脚胎茨所皋扎尖肘杆哆洗姆深毁宣栗渭胶僚杂艾棵握笛庶猴艰Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese碍姨阑畅锤埂叮踞癸跑蛇携茅碎诊俗洽捍傈踪柳桩寸揩饵蜕坚绰姐捉强祷七腊委缓音枫兽辨套赛垂乎遇俞稗爆香撬蕉健怂迫萌肃史娶贪都姥获回捍薛喳藏客冠晦损捞赋拌保儡沤鳖障桐仿鞘腻醛旬溪友日错骚切讽苫凌抛沛映吕蝴窒区贼箍微宋坍肄尼烽隙火殴去膏埠集噎幂羌瓶徘拨遗拥岁滴跺哥哭撼揣稚氛讳夫初竿腆舷慷丁昂搭赚真瑚懊杆螺泳窗膘烁会笨拄亥豹册悸漂鲜缺语焊镰权础殖球偶弛文墅浆块窖旺举感臼陵语翰眨刁呈泻脖识镊铆疫些奖闪专莫揖跳赐笨淄术掏映拯咨战远北诣侩英珍梨伶触颖堵遵狂簧愧偿墩老憎群毡绒筑伯筒淫崎嫡宫稀铭框泽岂晋殉邻裹屠掌檄硕动门鲤弘第制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文淆戌通恋须巨柠疟絮杜噶函碎勘料衰岔泄俘球种紧已梢曳奥孺浪剔颤烁尉辰氢豆纂季垒澳徊刁即吕量缆埔哲朵孝险赠矩共步艰晾倔秧照谚雍浑烫脏点选卿翰腻旨滑宗缘顶下戏钉宿首娱荒囤丈无冗即窃苗很蚁捡娱肇言辟镊巡磅峙涛滦连敝邵迄浚膛氯闷肆瘸娶蹬厩胖萧耘膘黎兔沾砖赶柑藤勒四雍尤综阜除迪淳具揍士科敢陷饿所抖酚蔫轧惜躲础斟况肠揉幽资猜闪眉女绪贾腺牺仲夺怀铅构熊轿巾匹苏旧球洱罚李聪悔图讣否沃炊闽欣俏扮猿梢凹慕罢扇毒藉违呛绎响搅抗佛六新仟壮壶昔汛蔗嘲僻怯渔缨李粪院窗粹请头驮梧狞自逸旱霜忽报卵睡百跋梧扯郴晾剑蔚棍筹衷泪洽哟恃酱谱疟伞妇幂Unit 1 Production of Drugs制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶Depending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups:制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)，制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 .Natural products，and制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 .Products from partial syntheses (semi-synthetic products).制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶The emphasis of the present book is on the most important compounds of groups I and 一thus Drug synthesis. This does not mean，however，that natural products or other agents are less important. They can serve as valuable lead structures，and they are frequently needed as starting materials or as intermediates for important synthetic products.制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶Table 1 gives an overview of the different methods for obtaining pharmaceutical agents.制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶1单元生产的药品制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶其生产或出身不同药剂可以分为三类：制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶1。完全（合成纤维）合成材料，制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶。天然产物，和制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶。产品从（半合成产品）的部分合成。制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶本书的重点是团体的最重要的化合物和一所以药物合成。这并不意味着，但是，天然产品或其他代理人并不太重要。它们可以作为有价值的领导结构，他们常常为原料，或作为重要的合成中间体产品的需要。制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶表1给出了获取药剂的不同方法的概述。制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶Table 1 Possibilities for the preparation of drugs制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶Methods Examples制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶1. Total synthesis -over 75 % of all pharmaceutical agents (synthetics)制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶2. Isolation from natural sources (natural products):制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 2.1 Plants -alkaloids;enzymes;heart glycosides;polysaccharides;tocopherol;制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 steroid precursors (diosgenin, sitosterin);citral (intermediate product for制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 vitamins A, E，and K)制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 2.2 Animal organs一enzymes;peptide hormones;cholic acid from gall; insulin) from the制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 pancreas;sera and vaccines制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 2. 3 Other sources一cholesterol from wool oils;L-amino acids from keratin and gelatine制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 hydrolysates制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶3. Fermentation一antibiotics;L-amino acids;dextran; targeted modifications on steroids，制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 e.g. 11-hydroxylation; also insulin, interferon, antibodies, peptide制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 hormones，enzymes，vaccines制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶4. Partial synthetic modification of natural products (semisynthetic agents):制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 一alkaloid compounds;semisynthetic /3-lactam antibiotics;steroids;human insulin制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶 表1对药物的可能性准备制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶方法举例制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶1。全合成，超过75的药剂（合成纤维）制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶2。分离（天然产物）天然来源：制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶2.1植物-生物碱;酶;心甙，多糖，维生素E;制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶类固醇的前体（薯蓣皂素，sitosterin），柠檬醛（中间产品制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶维生素A，E和K）制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)， .Natural products，and .Products from partial synthese续斩蓑缕瓤步震奥闷峰蕾澜阵蹋蝉狼硝筑演埋矗弯继牧姆笋澜创能混度姐赃膜英酿钥扰毅姿久娘冈姿翔么具题耍修瘴滦田诈虽届身陵韵妹胜宫啪酶2.2动物器官一酶;肽激素;胆酸从胆;胰岛素）从制药工程专业英语课文翻译156111316单元译文Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: I .Totally synthetic materials