s10明洞施工工艺.doc
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1、Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator applic
2、ation began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this
3、 robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set
4、 for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standa
5、rds. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of ind
6、ustrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of autom
7、ation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opp
8、ortunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm r
9、esearch began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic ar
10、m spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like wel
11、ding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand宁杭客运专
12、线3标明洞施工工艺明洞施工工艺一、 工艺概述本工艺适用于本标段内所有隧道明洞施作。二、 作业内容作业内容包括:明洞开挖、边坡锚喷网临时支护、明洞衬砌施工、明洞防水层施工、明洞回填。三、 质量标准与检验方法(一)质量标准客运专线铁路隧道工程施工质量验收暂行标准客运专线铁路隧道工程施工技术指南施工图设计文件(二)检验项目1.明洞开挖断面的中线和高程应符合设计要求。检验方法:尺量和仪器测量。2.明洞基础地质情况和地基承载力应满足设计要求。检验方法:做静力触探或标准贯入检测3.明洞基础底部应无积水、虚碴及杂物。检验方法:观察。4.明洞基底加固范围和方法应符合设计要求。检验方法:按国家现行建筑地基基础工
13、程施工质量验收规范(GB50202)和客运专线铁路路基工程施工质量验收暂行标准(铁建设2005 160号)的有关规定进行检验。5.明洞开挖断面尺寸应符合设计要求。检验方法:仪器测量。6.明洞衬砌模板台车、移动台架设计制造时必须以隧道设计断面为准,应考虑施工误差、贯通测量调差及预留沉落等因素。钢结构及钢模必须具有足够的强度、刚度和稳定性。检验方法:查设计资料、产品验收合格证明。7.模板安装必须稳固牢靠,接缝严密,不得漏浆。模板与混凝土的接触面必须清理干净并涂刷隔离剂。浇筑混凝土前,模板内的积水和杂物应清理干净。 检验方法:观察。8.拱圈混凝土强度应达到设计强度的100%且拱顶回填土高度达到0.7
14、m时,方可拆除明洞拱架。 检验方法:拆模前进行一组同条件养护试件强度试验。9. 拆除非承重模板时,混凝土强度不得低于2.5MPa,并应保证其表面及棱角不受损伤。 检验方法:观察,检查施工记录。10.钢筋进场检验、品种和规格、连接方式的检验、钢筋接头的技术条件和外观质量的检验、钢筋加工的检验、钢筋安装和保护层厚度、钢筋接头设置的检验、钢筋外观质量的检验必须符合客运专线铁路隧道工程施工质量验收暂行标准的规定。11.混凝土所用的原材料的检验必须符合客运专线铁路隧道工程施工质量验收暂行标准的规定。12.明洞混凝土结构进水孔、泄水孔、泄水槽的位置、间距和尺寸应符合设计要求。检验方法:仪器测量、尺量。13
15、.明洞混凝土结构外形尺寸的检验应符合本标准第7.4.23条的规定。14.明洞衬砌预埋件和预留孔洞的允许偏差应符合表1的规定。表1 预埋件和预留孔洞的允许偏差和检验方法序号项 目允许偏差(mm)检验方法1预留孔洞中心线位置10尺量尺寸+100002预埋件中心线位置3 15.明洞混凝土结构表面应密实平整、颜色均匀,不得有露筋、蜂窝、孔洞、疏松、麻面和缺棱掉角等缺陷。 检验方法:观察。16.卷材防水层所用卷材的性能指标应符合设计要求。 检验方法:检查全部产品合格证、质量证明文件,对材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、低温柔度、低温弯折性、不透水性等性能进行试验。17.粘贴各类卷材必须使用与卷材性相容的胶粘剂
16、,胶粘剂的性能指标应符合设计要求。 检验方法:检查全部产品合格证、质量证明文件,对材料粘结剥离强度、浸水168h后的粘结剥离强度保持率等性能进行试验。18.卷材防水层铺设及其在转角处和变形缝等细部做法应符合设计要求。 检查方法:观察。19.防水卷材铺贴时,应顺流水方向进行,上部压住下部,2幅卷材短边和长边的搭接宽度均不应小于150mm,采用双层卷材的接缝应错开1213幅宽,且2幅卷材不得垂直铺贴。卷材铺贴后不得有滑移、翘边、起鼓和损伤等现象。检查方法:观察和尺量。20.卷材防水层的基层应牢固,基面应洁净、平整,不得有空鼓、松动、起砂和脱皮现象。基层阴阳角处应做成圆弧形。 检查方法:观察。21.
17、卷材防水层的搭接缝应粘(焊)接牢固,严密,不得有皱折、翘边和空鼓等缺陷。 检查方法:观察。22.卷材防水层的保护层应符合设计要求,保护层与防水层应粘结牢固,厚度均匀一致。 检查方法:观察。22.明洞墙背回填应符合下列规定: 1 由墙顶起坡开挖时,墙背超挖回填应用与边墙强度等级相同的混凝土一次浇筑。2 由墙底起坡开挖或在已成路堑增建明洞时,墙背回填应按设计要求办理3 偏压及单压式明洞靠山侧墙背回填应符合设计要求。 检验数量:施工单位、监理单位全部检查。 检验方法:查对设计图,观察、检查施工记录。23.明洞顶回填高度、坡度、回填材料和粒径应符合设计要求。 检验方法:观察和尺量。24.明洞顶回填土密
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