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1、Cover Practical College English Course (III) 上海交通大学出版社美心英语 Contents Unit 3 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Focus 1 Section 1 :Text: The Pendulum Background Information Warm Up Vocabulary Intensive Reading Exercises: I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII Section 2: Listening and Speaking Focus 2 Section 1: Text: Mary Kay Cosme
2、tics Exercises: I , II Language Points Section 2: Practical Writing A Memo Background information Focus1 Section 1 Focus 1 Section I 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Family in the West Background Information In different cultures, the types of family vary in different settings. A nuclear family consists of a married
3、 couple and their children. Traditional American families are “nuclear families”. Another kind of family, which exists in some other cultures is “extended families”, in which several generations may even live together. In America, only in a few cases does more than one household live under one roof.
4、 In contemporary Europe and the United States, new types of families have occurred. They are single-father- headed families, families headed by same-sex couples, stepfamilies or families with mixed parents: one or both parents remarried, bringing children of the former family into the new family. Co
5、ntemporary society generally views family as a heaven from the competitive world. the family is considered to encourage “intimacy, love and trust where individuals may escape the competition and as a place where warmth, tenderness and understanding can be expected from a loving mother, and protectio
6、n from the world can be expected from the father”. More and more people are making their family a priority. Husbands and wives are making concentrated efforts to keep their marriages solid. Warm up Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Warm Up Focus 1 Section I 1. How the housework is shared in your fami
7、lies? For instance, what housework does your father do; what housework does your mother do and what work do you do? 2. Do you think housework should be relatively equally divided between husband and wife? Why or why not? Vocabulary Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Vocabulary Please go over the key w
8、ords and expressions of the text before reading Focus 1 Section I 钟钟 摆摆 5年来的每个晚上,约翰都是乘坐有轨电车 在 第81街下车,然后慢慢地步行回家,他从来都是 不慌不忙的。过了5年的婚姻生活之后,约翰清楚 地知道晚上将会怎么过。 Intensive Reading-Para 1 Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 1 Every night for five years John had stepped off the streetcar at Eighty-First Street and
9、 walked slowly home. He was never in a hurry. After five years of married life, he knew exactly what his evening would be. Intensive ReadingThe Pendulum Focus 1 Section I Questions About Para. 1 (1) Where did John Perkins live? (2) How many years had John and Katy been married? He lived on Eighty-Fi
10、rst Street. They had been married for five years. pendulum: n. C a long metal stick with a weight at the bottom that moves regularly from side to side to control the working of a clock钟摆 e.g. (1) The pendulum of the clock in my room is a cat. 我房间里时钟的钟摆是小猫形状的。 (2) As we neared the center, we saw the
11、pendulum clearly. 快到中心的时候,我们清楚地看见了钟摆 。 pendulum 可以用作比喻,意为“the tendency of ideas, beliefs, etc. to change regularly to the opposite摇摆不 定的思想、观点等”。 e.g. After several years of Republican government, the pendulum will undoubtedly swing back and voters will elect a Democrat. 共和党执政几年之后,无疑会有执 政党之间的交替,选民们将会
12、选举民主党来执政。 Intensive Reading-Para2 Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Intensive Reading 2 He would be greeted at the door of his small apartment with a quick kiss from his wife, Katy. He would refresh himself with a cup of juice his wife offered him. Dinner would be ready and waiting. Poor Katy tried h
13、ard, but she was never a good cook. The meal would be pot roast, leg of lamb, fruit dessert, buttered loaf, or cheese. The gravy of any one of them would be as thick and sticky as shoe polish. The same bottle of marmalade that always sat in the middle of the table would be sitting there again. There
14、 would be a sticky pudding to put it on. After dinner, John would sit down to read the newspaper. 妻子凯蒂会在他们的小公寓门口用匆匆一 吻迎接他。然后会端上一杯果汁让他喝了恢复 精力。晚餐会准备好等着他享用。尽管不擅烹 饪的凯蒂做得很尽心,晚餐却总是不可口。菜 式总是炖肉、羔羊腿肉、水果点心、奶油面包 或奶酪。其中的任何一种肉汁都像鞋油一样黏 稠。那瓶总是摆在桌子中央的酸果酱依然放在 那儿,还有黏糊糊的要抹果酱吃的布丁。晚餐 后,约翰会坐下来读报。 Focus 1 Section I Questi
15、ons About Para. 2 (3) How would Katy greet John when he was back home after work? (4) What would John do after being greeted by Katy? (5) What would they have for dinner? Katy would greet John at the door of their small apartment with a quick kiss. John would refresh himself with a cup of juice Katy
16、 offered him. They would have pot roast, leg of lamb, fruit dessert, buttered loaf, or cheese, marmalade, and sticky pudding. greet: vt. to welcome sb. with particular words or a particular action, or to react to sth. in the stated way迎接,问候,招呼 ;(以特定方式)接受,对作出反 应;呈现在前 e.g. (1) When we arrived there, w
17、e were greeted by the head of the union. 我们到 达那里时,受到了工会领导的迎接。 (2) They greeted the negotiation representatives at the airport. 他们在机场 欢迎谈判代表。 polish: n. U a substance that you rub into a surface to make it smooth and shiny 擦光 剂,上光蜡 e.g. (1) The still air smelt faintly of furniture polish. 在静止的空气中能闻到
18、一点点家具上光蜡的味道。 (2) This car polish is an effective shield against rust. 这种汽车上光蜡有很好的防 锈效果。 polish还可用作动词,意为“to make sth. smooth, bright, and shiny by rubbing it with a piece of fabric, often with polish on it 磨光,擦亮;使优美,润饰”。 e.g. (1) I spent all afternoon polishing the silver. 我一个下午都在擦拭银器。 (2) Edwards es
19、say is good, but he needs to polish it a little bit. 爱德华的文章写得不 错,不过还需要稍加润饰。 Intensive Reading-Para 3 Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Intensive Reading 3 The man across the street would get out his violin and start practicing. Fat Mrs. Scott from the floor above would walk loudly down the stairs to
20、take her little dog out for a walk. Katy would wash the dishes. Then she would sit down on the log couch and show him her manual workthe new square she was sewing into the quilt shed been working on for five years. Question About Para. 3 (6) What would Katy do after dinner? 这时,街对面的男子会拿出小提琴,开始练习。楼 上肥
21、胖的斯科特太太会迈着响亮的步子下楼去遛狗。凯 蒂洗完了碟子,坐到原木沙发上,拿出她的手工活 一块新绣在被罩上的方形图案给约翰看。这件被罩她已 经绣了5年了。 Focus 1 Section I She would wash the dishes and then sit down on the log couch and show her manual work to John. manual: a. operated or done by hand or without the help of electricity, computers, etc. 手工的,体力的 e.g. (1) It
22、would take too long to do a manual search of all the data. 手工搜索这些数据花的 时间太长。 (2) These children are suffering a lot from the heavy and dangerous manual work. 这些儿童做 这样繁重而危险的体力活受了很多苦。 manual 还可用作名词,意为“a book that tells you how to do or operate sth., esp. one that comes with a machine, etc. when you buy
23、 it 手 册,指南”。 e.g. This manual is full of useful tips. 这本小册 子里有很多实用的建议。 Intensive Reading-Para4-6 Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Intensive Reading 4 John Perkins knew these things would happen. And he knew that at eight oclock he would rise, reach for his hat, and head for the door. He also knew ex
24、actly what Katy would say at the moment he bid her goodbye. 5 “Now, where are you going, Id like to know, John Perkins?” 6 “Just up to the corner. Thought Id play a game or two of pool with the fellows.” 约翰珀金斯知道每天晚上都是这些情形,而且他知道8 点钟他会起身拿着帽子出门去。他还确切地知道在向凯蒂道 别时,她会问: “约翰珀金斯,你去哪儿,能告诉我吗?” “就到街角处,和朋友们打一两局撞
25、球”。 Focus 1 Section I Question About Paras. 4-6 (7) What would John do at eight oclock? He would rise, reach for his hat, and head for the door. He would go to play a game or two of pool with the fellows. reach for: to move the arm in order to touch or lift sth. with the hand 伸手去拿 e.g. (1) I reached
26、 for the salt, and knocked over a bottle of wine. 我伸手去拿盐,却打翻了一瓶 酒。 (2) There was a noise outside, and Bill reached for his flashlight. 听到外面有喧闹声, 比尔伸手去拿手电筒。 注意:reach意为“到达”时,是及物动词。 e.g. We reached our destination after walking for three hours. 走了3小时后我们到达了目的地。 head for: to move towards (a place) 朝方向 行进
27、;走向(好结果),招致(坏结果) e.g. (1) The ship left the island and headed for the mainland. 那条船驶离该岛,向大陆开去。 (2) It looks as if the firm is heading for another record year! 看来公司今年又要创记录了! (3) Youre heading for an accident if you drive after drinking alcohol. 若你酒后开车会招致车祸 的。 bid: vt./vi. to utter a greeting or farew
28、ell to 向 问候,道别;出价,投标 e.g. (1) These children bid good night to their parents every day before going to bed. 这些孩子 每天睡觉前都和父母道晚安。 bidden/bid。意为“出价,投标”时,过去式和 过去分词均为bid。 bid还可用作名词,意为“an offer by a person or a business company to pay a particular amount of money for sth. 出价,投标”。 e.g. Park wants to sell hi
29、s farm, and he already had two large bids for it. 帕克想卖掉他的农场 ,并且已经有了两个出大价的买主。 now是副词,在口语中用在句子开头,引导询 问信息的句子。 e.g. Now what did you say your name was? 你刚 说你的名字叫什么来着? 注意:这时凯 蒂直呼约翰的名字,与约翰回 家时对他的亲热形成对比,表现了凯蒂对约 翰的不满。 Intensive Reading-Para 7-10 Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Intensive Reading 7 At 10 or
30、11 he would return. Katy would be waiting up to tell him how lonely she was, and to shed a few tears. John would say he was sorry. After a while, they would kiss and make up. 8 One night, for the first time in five years, John came home to find his regular, boring world upside down. 9 Katy was not a
31、t the door to greet him with a kiss. The flat was in complete disorder. Katys things were scattered everywhere. 10 This was not Katys way! With Katy gone, his world had completely altered. 大约10或11点约翰珀金斯就会回家。凯蒂会 一直等他回家,对他诉说自己多么孤独,然后流下 一些泪水。约翰会对她说对不起,过一会儿他们就 亲吻和好了。 一天晚上,约翰回到家,发现自己乏味而有规 律的天地完全乱套了。5年来这还
32、是头一次。 凯蒂没在门口用亲吻迎接他。公寓里凌乱不堪 。凯蒂的东西散落各处。 这可不是凯蒂一贯的作风!凯蒂一走,他的世 界彻底地变了样。 Focus 1 Section I Question About Para. 9 (8) Why did John find his regular, boring world upside down one night when he came home? Because Katy was not at the door to greet him with a kiss. The flat was in complete disorder. Katys t
33、hings were scattered everywhere. wait up (for sb.): to wait for sb. to return before going to bed熬夜,不睡 觉(等人回家) e.g. (1) Julies parents waited up all night but she didnt come home. 朱丽 叶的父母等了她一夜,但是她一夜 未归。 (2) Ill be home late tonight, so dont wait up. 不要等我,今晚我回 来得晚。 upside down: disorganized or untidy
34、 一团 糟的,混乱不堪的;颠倒的,翻倒过来 的 e.g. (1) The burglars have turned our house upside down. 夜贼把我们家翻得乱七八 糟。 (2) Her husbands sudden death turned her world upside down. 她丈夫的突然去世使 她的生活完全乱了套。 (3) Dont hold the box upside down. 不要 倒着拿那个盒子。 (4) The chairs were placed upside down on the tables. 这些椅子都倒放在桌子上。 scatter:
35、vt./vi. to (cause to) separate and go in different directions撒,撒播;散开,驱散 e.g. (1) The storm scattered tiles everywhere. 风暴把瓦掀得四处都是。 (2) Scatter the onions over the fish. 把洋 葱撒在鱼上。 (3) After the snowstorm, the workers were scattering sand over the roads to make vehicles move safely. 暴风雪过后工人们把沙 子撒在路上让车
36、辆安全通过。 (4) The flowers fell and scattered on the ground. 花瓣飘散在地上。 alter: vi./vt. to change, or to make sb. or sth. change改变,变更 e.g. (1) Her face hadnt altered much over the years. 过了这么多年,她的容貌并没 有多大改变。 (2) You can alter the color and size of the image using a remote control. 你可以 用遥控装置改变这个图像的颜色和尺寸 。 I
37、ntensive Reading-Para 11-14 Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Intensive Reading 11 And then he saw the note pasted on the icebox. “Dear John,” it read. “I just had a cable saying Mother is very sick. I am taking the 4:30 train. There is cold lamb in the icebox. There are other provisions you can help
38、 yourself to. I will write tomorrow. Love, Katy.” 12 For a long time John stood staring at the note. He didnt know what to think. 13 Never, not once during their five years of marriage, had he and Katy been separated for a night. He glanced about the room and saw traces of her everywhereher clothes
39、and her shoes. He looked at these things with longing in his heart. It was almost as though Katy had died and was gone forever. He had never thought about what life might be without Katy. 14 Sadly, John dragged the cold lamb from the icebox, poured a cup of champagne, and sat down to his lonely meal
40、. He missed the shoe-polish gravy. There was still marmalade, but no sticky pudding to put it on. He missed that, too. 这时他看到了贴在冰柜上的字条,上面写着 :“亲爱的约翰,我刚收到一份电报说母亲病重 ,我要赶4:30的火车去看她。冰柜里有冷的羔 羊肉,还有其他一些食物可以吃,我明天给你 写信。爱你的凯蒂。” 约翰站在那里久久地盯着字条,不知在想些 什么。 结婚5年他和凯蒂从未分开过一个晚上。他 环视了一下房间,发现到处都有凯蒂的痕迹 她的衣服、她的鞋子。看着这些东西,他心
41、里充满了思念,好像凯蒂已经离他而去,永远 不会回来了。他从未想过,如果没有凯蒂,生 活会是什么样子。 约翰悲伤地从冰柜里拽出冷羔羊肉,倒了一 杯香槟,坐下来孤独地吃着晚餐。他怀念那稠 得像鞋油一样的肉汁。桌子的中央仍放着一瓶 酸果酱,却没了黏糊糊的要涂着果酱吃的布丁 ,他对此也怀念不已。 Focus 1 Section I Question About Para. 11 (9) Why was Katy not at home? Because her mother was sick. She had taken the train to see her mother. provision:
42、n. C, U food, drink, and other supplies, especially for a journey pl. 口粮,给养;供应;(for, against)准备,预备 ;条款,规定 e.g. (1) We had enough provisions for two weeks. 我们的粮食足够吃两个星期。 (2) Provisions are kept in the storehouse. 粮食储藏在仓库里。 (3) There is a provision for making the building larger if necessary. 准备在必要时扩
43、建大楼。 (4) This provision has been abolished. 这 一规定已被废止。 trace: n. C, U 形迹,足迹 e.g. (1) There has been no trace of anyone having entered the room since then. 打那时起就再无迹象表明有人 进过这 房间。 (2) He carefully removed the traces of old paste. 他仔细地除去旧糨糊留 下的痕迹。 trace可用作动词 ,意为“追踪,探索” 。 e.g. (1) The children traced the
44、 map of Shanghai and then wrote down the names of the places they had visited. 孩 子们查 了上海地图,然后把他们游 览过 的地方写了下来。 (2) We finally traced him to an address in Shanghai. 我们终 于追查到 了他在上海的一个地址。 在it was almost as though句型中,因为 句中所述不是事实,所以使用了虚拟语 气。 e.g. (1) It seems as if nobody knew what had happened. 似乎没有人知道发生
45、了什么事 。 (2) It seems as if he lost interest in his job. 看来他对自己的工作失去了兴趣。 Intensive Reading-Para 15-16 Focus1 Section 1 上海交通大学 出版社 美心英语 Intensive Reading 15 Tonight John did not read the newspaper. Instead, he sat at the front window and looked blankly out into the darkness. 16 Lost in thought, he hard
46、ly heard the usual night noises, not even the sound from the clock. But then, for the first time in five years, he realized that the night was his to enjoy. He could play pool until dawn if he liked, and there would be no teary- eyed Katy waiting when he got back. But John did not get up and reach f
47、or his hat. He stayed at the window, missing Katy, suddenly knowing how much he needed her, how much he needed his boring daily life. 这晚约翰没有读报。他坐在前面的窗户旁边, 茫然地看着窗外的黑夜。 他陷入了沉思,听不到平日黑夜的喧嚣,甚至 连钟声也听不见。但就在这时,5年来他第一次意 识到这个夜晚是属于他的,如果喜欢他可以通宵 打撞球,回到家里也没有泪汪汪地等待着的凯蒂 。但约翰没有起身去拿自己的帽子。他呆在窗前 ,想着凯蒂,突然意识到自己是多么需要她,多 么
48、需要以前那种乏味枯燥的生活。 Focus 1 Section I Question About Paras. 15-16 (10) What did John do differently after meal that night? He didnt read the newspaper. He sat at the front window and looked blankly out into the darkness, lost in thought. blankly: ad. 茫然地,毫无表情地 e.g.The tea forgotten, she gazed blankly thr
49、ough the window. 她茫然地看着窗外,茶 水一点都没喝。 blankly的形容词形式是blank,意为“no emotion, understanding, or interest 茫然的, 无表情的;空白的,空着的”。 e.g. (1) My heart began to race and my mind went blank. 我的心跳加快,脑子一片空白。 (2) The last three boxes should be left blank. 最后三个箱子一定要空着。 blank还可用作名词,意为“an empty space on a piece of paper, where you are supposed to write a word or letter 空白;空白表格,空白 处”。 e.g. (1) Leave a blank if you dont know the answer. 如果你不知道答案就空着。 (2) Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 在 空白处填写适当的词。 Intensive R
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