复件四级写作讲义.ppt
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1、大学英语四级备考,时间流程表,8:50-9:00试音时间 9:00-9:10播放考场指令,发放作文考卷 9:10 取下耳机,开始作文考试 作文(9:10- 9:40) 9:35 发放含有快速阅读的试题册 快速阅读(9:40- 9:55 ) 9:55-10:00 收答题卡一 10:00-11:20 所有题目在答题卡二上作答 听力(10:00-10:35) 仔细阅读理解(10:35-11:00) 完形填空(11:00-11:15) 翻译(11:15-11:20)收答题卡二,。,注意 (1),改变传统的英语考试先做听力,再做阅读,最后写作文的习惯。一进考场就集中注意力写作文。等试题册发下来后,抓紧时
2、间做快速阅读。交了答题卡1后,准备做听力。 作文在答题纸1上,其他题目在试题册上。 作文和快速阅读在答题纸1上作答,完成后交答题纸1。剩下题目在答卡2上作答。,注意(2),因为答题纸1要提前交,所以一定要抓紧时 间做作文和快速阅读,必须在规定时间内 完成。 做完听力后,剩下45分钟时间,要完成的 题目有:选词填空,两篇阅读文章,完型 填空,翻译。时间短,题量大,一定要注 意时间的分配。,注意(3),听力和阅读占70%。所以四级考试的成绩很大程度上是由听力和阅读能力决定。 选词填空和传统阅读占25%,完型填空占10%。翻译占5%。完型比较难,翻译分值少,如果时间不够的同学,建议不要在这两个题目上
3、花太多时间。,CET-4 作文讲解,写作总论,考试大纲对写作的要求: 详细规定了考试时间、作文长度、题目类型和写作内容: 写作部分考试时间30分钟。要求学生写出一篇不少于120词的短文。试卷上一般给出题目或规定场景、或给出段首句要求续写、或要求看图作文、或给出关键词,要求写成短文。要求能够正确表达思想、意义连贯、无重大语法错误。写作内容包括日常生活和一般常识。,写作总论,写作部分考核的技能是: A.思想表达 1).表达中心思想 2).表达重要或特定信息 3).表达观点、态度等 B.篇章组织 4).围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述,突出重点 5).连贯地组句成段,组段成篇,写作总论,C.语言运用
4、6).运用恰当的词汇 7).运用正确的语法 8).运用合适的句子结构 9).使用正确的标点符号 10).运用衔接手段表达句间关系(如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等) D.写作格式 11).运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式,写作总论,评分标准: 2-4分 条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误,且多数严重错误。 5-7分 基本切题。表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。 8-10分 基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。 11-13分 切题。表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。 14-15分 切题。表达思想清楚,
5、条理清晰,语言通顺,连贯性好。基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错误。,应试技巧,一. 审题构思 二布局谋篇/草拟提纲 三内容写作 四检查修改,Writing steps,1: do preparations for writing (5 minutes) a: understand the topic in detail firstly b: write an outline for the composition c: put key relevant words down according to the outline 2: scratch off the beginning and end
6、ing for a composition (5 minutes) 3: accomplish your writing (15 minutes) 4: check your composition (5 minutes),一、审题, 主题 题型: 文字命题:明确的标题和提纲要点或起始句 图表命题:图表或相应的文字提示信息 应用文 体裁:议论文,说明文,记叙文和应用文 从近些年看,四级作文不是单一的体裁,而是几种体裁的糅合体。,二 布局谋篇,确定文章段落结构,1. 将文章合理分段:通常为3-5段,并且基本上包括开头,主体,结尾三个部分。 2. 确定相应的写作方法。检查文章写作角度是否合理: 是
7、否适合文章主题的体现。 先列出内容的主干,确定每段的主题句内容,再一一增加细节,最终形成完整的内容提纲。 3.条理,二 布局谋篇,确定文章段落结构,3. 条理 保证不跑题是写作当中第一重要任务,第二个重要任务就是条理清楚。 对于议论文来说,正反面论述要清楚。 对于说明文来说,1、2、3条要清楚,对于描述文要来,谁干什么要清楚。 衔接过度及逻辑关系(转折,因果,比较,举例),四级作文题型,现象解释型: 对比(利弊)分析型; 问题解决(途径方法)型; 观点论证型; 图表作文; 应用文。,四级作文现象解释型,这类作文多为提纲式作文或图表式作文,说明文体裁。这类命题要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释,并加
8、以评论。这类作文的基本模式是: 第一段:描述现象,引起话题; 第二段:分析现象,解释或阐述这种现象或存在的原因; 第三段:针对现象做出评论,提出建议或总结观点。,Title: On Job-hopping Outline 1 job hopping is a common phenomenon 2 the reasons for job hopping: low income; great pressure; less likely to be promoted 3 the result of job hopping: lack of experience and training 4 sol
9、utions or advice for settling the problem as to individuals: learn to adapt to jobs as far as companies are concerned, in the long run, it is better to accommodate employees income for the sake of its development,四级作文现象解释型,例:2007.12 Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a sho
10、rt passage entitled What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 120 words following he outline given below: 1. 各大学为学生开设了多种多样的选修课 2. 学生出于各种原因选择不同的选修课 3. 以我自己为例,四级作文现象解释型,范文 What Electives to Choose Nowadays, there exist a wide range of selective courses in college which are ready for the unde
11、rgraduates to choose from. These courses make the students college life more colorful. However, as for the purpose of choosing the selective courses, different students have different opinions. Some students choose more selective courses just to get more knowledge, so that they could be well-prepare
12、d for the future job hunting, and find a satisfactory job. Some students just want to extend their interests. Some students believe that the knowledge in the text book is limited, thus they should choose more courses in order that they can enjoy,四级作文现象解释型,a more colorful college life. And the others
13、 have no definite aim but to finish their studies. As far as I am concerned, I just want to learn more knowledge for my future life and job. And I dont care about the scores or the grade I would have got. I just want to be a man with sharp, vivid and imaginative mind with different knowledge which i
14、s not limited to my major. So I think more knowledge can make my future life easier and more interesting.,四级作文现象解释型写作模板, Recently, . 描述现象,引起话题 What amazes us most is 表现较为典型的一个方面 It is true that . 对于现象做出的评论 There are many reasons explaining 承上启下,解释这一现象的原因 The main reason is 说明原因一 What is more, 原因二,四级
15、作文现象解释型写作模板,Thirdly, 原因三 As a result, . 讲述导致的结果 Considering all these, . 作者的态度 For one thing, . 观点一 11For another, . 11观点二 12In conclusion, . 12总结全文,四级作文现象解释型,Writing Exercise: Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short passage entitled On Self-employment of College Gradua
16、tes. You should write at least 120 words following he outline given below: 1. 政府鼓励大学毕业生自主创业,对具有创新意识的开发项目给予一定的经济支持。 2. 产生这一现象的原因。 3. 我的观点。,四级作文对比选择型,这类作文多为提纲式作文,议论文体裁。通常首先论述相反的两个观点,或分析评论某一社会现象的优缺点,然后给出自己的见解和看法,是四级考试中最常见的一种作文形式。这类作文的基本模式是:分四个自然段来论述。 第一段:概述现状,引起话题 第二段:论述一些人对某一事物或现象的看法,或某一事物的优点; 第三段:论述另
17、一些人对此事物或现象的看法,或某一事物的缺点; 第四段:表明自己的观点,结束全文。 在写这类作文时,特别要注意在对比的段落之间使用一些表示转折关系的词汇或句子,如:however,on the other hand,in contrast with/to等,使文章看起来流畅自然。,四级作文对比选择型,例:2006.12 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay entitled Spring Festival Gala on CCTV. You should write at leas
18、t 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 许多人喜欢在除夕观看春节联欢晚会 2. 有些人却提出取消春节联欢晚会 3. 在我看来,四级作文对比选择型,范文: The Spring Festival Gala performed on CCTV on New Years Eve, as a form of celebration of Chinese lunar New Year, has been considered indispensable by all Chinese people for over two decades. P
19、eople are accustomed to enjoying the grand sight and sound it presents as a brilliant feast. However, there are more and more people claiming to cancel it in recent years. With the roaring development of economy, various mass media come out like the bamboo shoots after spring rain. As a result, more
20、 fascinating programs are available in the daily life. Moreover, the program at Spring Festival Gala has remained nearly the same from since it was born.,四级作文对比选择型,As far as I am concerned, I prefer the program to stay. Because it serves not only as entertainment but an occasion for the families to
21、gather, chat and laugh. Of course it is supposed to be improved to draw attention, with more diverse forms. In a word, the Spring Festival Gala is a tradition and treasure of the Chinese people, and we still need it, maybe a better one.,四级作文对比选择型作文模板,Topic: 1.When it comes to , different people hold
22、 different views . 两种观点的争论焦点 2.Some contend that . 观点一 3.For one thing, . 观点一的理由1 4.For another, . 观点二的理由2 5.In spite of all these claims, others maintain that 与观点一对立的观点二,四级作文对比选择型作文模板,6. They point out that . 观点二的理由1 7.Another instance often cited is that . 观点二的理由2 8.Its no easy task to find a sati
23、sfactory answer to the issue. 小结论 9.As for me, theres some truth to both arguments . 引入自己的观点 10.Its advisable to . 个人的结论,四级作文对比选择型,Writing Exercise: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short passage entitled Recreational Activities. You should write at least 120 words following the
24、outline given below: 1.娱乐活动多种多样 2.娱乐活动可以使人们受益,也可能带来危害 3.作为大学生,我认为,四级作文对比选择型,It goes without saying that there are a wide variety of recreational activities nowadays, which may cater to the needs of different people. Those who love sports can play football, basketball or tennis as they like; meanwhil
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