动词的非谓语形式NonfiniteVerb教学课件.ppt
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1、动词的 非谓语形式 Non-finite Verb,非谓语动词 分类,不定式 to do,现在分词 doing,过去分词 done,2010 高考真题,Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _ from the library. A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing,2. With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad. A
2、. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought,3. I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed,4. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid 5
3、. It rained heavily in the south, _ serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 6. I had great difficulty _ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A. find B. found C. to find D. finding 7. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her c
4、olleagues _ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused,8. _ the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 9. That is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms
5、. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 10. _ at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked,一. 不定式 to do 的用法,What are their functions?,To finish the work in ten minutes is difficult. 2. He wants to go abroad. 3. My dream is to becom
6、e a singer. 4. Mother got me to go to the shop and buy some salt. 5. I have some clothes to wash. 6.He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.,(主语),(宾语),(表语),(宾补),(定语),(状语),Summary: to do在句中所作的成份_,主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语,I 不定式做主语: To be here with you is a pleasure for me.=It is a plea
7、sure for me to be here with you.,不定式做主语可直接放于句首,但很多情况下,用it做形式主语(尤其在疑问句和感叹句中),基本句式:,(1)It is + adj. +to do sth. Adj.: right, wrong, necessary, good, easy, hard, impossible. It is necessary to work hard at English.,(2)It is + n + to do sth. N. a pleasure/ a good idea/ my advice/ bad (good) manners/a mi
8、stake/ a great honor/a pity/ones duty/ashame. It is my duty to teach you how to be a good student.,(3) It + be + adj + of sb + to do sth. It+ be + adj +for sb + to do sth.,常用 careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。,(4) It ta
9、kes/needs/requires+ sometime/sth. +to do It requires patience to be a good teacher.,(2005天津卷) I dont want _like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the manager s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 2. (2006北京卷) I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just
10、 refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop,They wanted _( get ) on the bus, didnt they? He said he wished_(be )a professor. I agreed_ (go ) there with the doctor. My daughter preferred _( dance ) when she was in her twenties.
11、 He had promised _(give) me a hand.,to get,to be,to go,to dance,to give,2. 不定式做宾语:,A. 有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常见的动词有: determine/ decide, learn, want, expect/ hope / wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/ beg, help, afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten, fail, demand,
12、like, hate, begin, seem, forget, remember, prepare, prefer, intend, etc.,口诀: 决心学会想希望, 拒绝设法愿假装 主动答应选计划, 同意请求帮一帮, have no choice but to do= have nothing to do but do=can do nothing but do(有do无to),B. 常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词: tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain tell sb what to d
13、o,C. 用it作形式宾语 如: S + think / feel / believe/ consider 等 + it + adj + to do,1. (2007北京卷) Excuse me sir, where is Room 301? Just a minute. Ill have Bob _you to your room. A. show B. shows C. to show D. showing 2. (2008上海卷) Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced _their
14、homes. A. leaving B. to leave C. to be left D. being left,3.不定式作宾语补足语:,1).带to做宾补的动词:即 动词/ 动词词组 + sb + to do: ask, tell, advise, allow, enable, expect, force, get, cause, encourage, forbid, intend, prefer, require, remind, like, order, teach, want, invite, wish, beg, persuade, call on, depend on,2) 不
15、带to的不定式:(主动不带to,被动还原to),look at, see, watch, notice, observe, make, let, have, listen to, hear, feel,口诀: 吾看三室两厅一感觉,译:号召全世界的劳动人民团结起来。 The laboring people of the world are called on to unite.,4. 不定式作表语:,A.表示按计划和安排将要发生的事情。 He is to marry Rose. B.表示主语的内容,但侧重于目的性。 Her wish was to become an artist. C. 表示情
16、态意义(应该, 必须)。 The form is to be filled in and returned within a week. She is to blame.,What he wants to do is _ ( buy ) a car.,buy/ to buy,1. (2008上海卷) If theres a lot of work _, I am happy to just keep on until it is finished. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing 2. (2007 全国卷I)The last one _ pay
17、s the meal. Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving,He has got lots of questions_.,to ask,Charles Lindbergh is the first man _the Atlantic alone.,to fly,She has a good chance _to college.,to go,There is nothing to_ (worry).,worry about,I need a pen to_ (write). He is looking for a roo
18、m to_ (live) .,write with,live in,5.不定式做定语:,A.一般表示将发生的情况,放在名词后与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系。,The future to greet us will be bright.,On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write.,We students should have the courage to face any difficulty.,注意:1.如不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系,而这个不定式又是不及物动词, 它后面应有必要的介词。,2.不
19、定式所修饰的名词是不定式的动作所发生的地点或所使用的工具时, 它后面要带上必要的介词。,B. 用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定的中心词,且与中心词为主动关系。,The next train to arrive was from New York. (主谓关系),C.被修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式,常见的有:ability, chance, idea, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等,Do you have the ability to read an
20、d write in English? (同位关系),The best time to visit Rio de Janeiro is in June and July,1. (2008北京卷)Did the book give the information you needed? Yes. But _ it, I had to read the entire book. A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding 2. (2007 上海春) _the safety of gas, the government has checked the ci
21、tys gas supply system thoroughly. ATo ensure BEnsuring CHaving ensured. DTo have ensured 3. (2006广东卷)_ this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making 4. (2006陕西卷) He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. A
22、. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told,1)不定式作目的状语 Tim sat near the fire to get warm. The athletes practised hard to win the match. 强调作目的状语的不定式, 常用in order (not) to,so as (not) to短语.前者可放在句首,也可放在句中;后者只能放在句中。,6. 不定式作状语,2).不定式作结果状语 作结果状语的不定式常用于一些固定搭配中。如:too to, enough to,sufficient to,only to,never
23、to,so + 形容词/副词 + as to, such + 名词+ as to do引导。 Would you be so kind as to step this way, please? I tried the door, only to find it locked inside. 3)某些形容词作表语,表示喜怒哀乐,后跟不定式做原因状语 I am sorry to hear about your failure in business.,7. 用作独立成分的不定式,To be honest, we are not sure to find the girl in the forest
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