ACI-215R-1992-R1997.pdf
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1、ACI 215R-74 (Revised 1992/Reapproved 1997) Considerations for Design of Concrete Structures Subjected to Fatigue Loading Reported by ACI Committee 215 John M. Hanson Chairman Paul W. Abeles John D. Antrim Earl I. Brown, II John N. Cernica Carl E. Ekberg, Jr.* Neil M. Hawkins Hubert K. Hiisdorf Craig
2、 A. Ballinger Secretary Cornie L. Hulsbos Don A. Linger Edmund P. Segner, Jr. Surendra P. Shah Laurence E. Svab William J. Venuti * Chairman of ACI Committee 215 at the time preparation of this report was begun. Committee members voting on the 1992 revisions: David W. Johnston Chairman M. Arockiasam
3、y P.N. Balaguru Mark D. Bowman John N. Cernica Luis F. Estenssoro John M. Hanson Neil M. Hawkins Thomas T.C. Hsu Craig A. Ballinger Secretary Ti Huang Lambit Kald Michael E. Kreger Basile G. Rabbat Raymond S. Rollings Surendra P. Shah Luc R. Taerwe William J. Venuti This report presents information
4、that is intended to aid the practicing engineer confronted with consideration of repeated loading on concrete structures. Investi- 1.1-Objective and scope gations of the fatigue properties of component materiak+oncrete, reinforcing l.2-Definitions bars, welded reinforcing mats, and prestressing tend
5、ons-are reviewed. Applica- 1.3-Standards cited in this report tion of this information to predicting the fatigue life of beams and pavements is discussed. A significant change in Section 3.1.2 of the 1992 revisions is the Chapter 2-Fatigue properties of component materials, pg. increase in the allow
6、able stress range for prestressing steel from 0.04 fpu to 215R-2 0.06 I;,. 2.1-Plain concrete Keywords: beams (supports); compressive strength; concrete pavements: cracking (frac- 2.2-Reinforcing bars turing); dynamic loads; fatigue (materials); impact; loads (Forces); microcracking; plain 2.3-Welde
7、d wire fabric and bar mats concrete; prestressed concrete; prestressing steel; reinforcedconcrete: reinforcingsteels; 2.4-Prestressing tendons specifications; static loads: strains; stresses; structural design; tensile strength; welded wire fabric; welding; yield strength. CONTENTS Chapter 3-Fatigue
8、 of beams and pavements, pg. 215R-15 3.1-Beams 3.2-Pavements Chapter l-Introduction, pg. 215R-2 ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Standard Practices, and Commentaries are intended for guidance in designing, plan- ning, executing, or inspecting construction and in preparing specifications. Reference to
9、these documents shall not be made in the Project Documents. If items found in these doc- uments are desired to be part of the Project Documents they should be phrased in mandatory language and incorporated into the Project Documents. 21 5R-1 Notation, pg. 215R-19 References, pg. 215R-19 Appendix, pg
10、. 215R-23 ACI 215R-74 (Revised 1992) became effective Nov. 1, 1992. Copyright 0 1992, American Concrete Institute. All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by any electronic or mechanical device,
11、 printed or written or oral, or recording for sound or visual repro- duction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=IHS E
12、mployees/1111111001, User=listmgr, listmgr Not for Resale, 03/05/2007 01:27:37 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 215R-2 ACI COMMITTEE REPORT CHAPTER l-INTRODUCTION In recent years, considerable interest has developed in the fatigue strength of concrete members
13、. There are several rea- sons for this interest. First, the widespread adoption of ulti- mate strength design procedures and the use of higher strength materials require that structural concrete members perform satisfactorily under high stress levels. Hence there is concern about the effects of repe
14、ated loads on, for example, crane beams and bridge slabs. Second, new or different uses are being made of concrete fatigue; however, this report does not specifically deal with these types of loadings. 1.3-Standards cited in this report The standards and specifications referred to in this docu- ment
15、 are listed below with their serial designation, including year of adoption or revision. These standards are the latest effort at the time this document was revised. Since some of the standards are revised frequently, although generally only in minor details, the user of this document may wish to ch
16、eck directly with the committee if it is correct to refer to the members or systems, such as prestressed concrete railroad latest revision. ties and continuously reinforced concrete pavements. These uses of concrete demand a high performance product with an ACI 301-89 assured fatigue strength. Third
17、, there is new recognition of the effects of repeated ACI 318-89 loading on a member, even if repeated loading does not cause a fatigue failure. Repeated loading may lead to inclined ASTM A 416-90 cracking in prestressed beams at lower than expected loads, or repeated loading may cause cracking in c
18、omponent mater- ials of a member that alters the static load carrying char- ASTM A 421-90 acteristics. l.l-Objective and scope ASTM A 615-90 This report is intended to provide information that will serve as a guide for design for concrete structures subjected to fatigue loading. ASTM 722-90 However,
19、 this report does not contain the type of detailed design procedures sometimes found in guides. Chapter 2 presents information on the fatigue strength of AWS Dl.4-79 concrete and reinforcing materials. This information has been obtained from reviews of experimental investigations reported in technic
20、al literature or from unpublished data made avail- able to the committee. The principal aim has been to sum- marize information on factors influencing fatigue strength that are of concern to practicing engineers. Chapter 3 considers the application of information on concrete and reinforcing material
21、s to beams and pavements. Provisions suitable for inclusion in a design specification are recommended. An Appendix to this report contains extracts from current specifications that are concerned with fatigue. 1.2-Definitions It is important to carefully distinguish between static, dynamic, fatigue,
22、and impact loadings. Truly static loading, or sustained loading, remains constant with time. Nevertheless, a load which increases slowly is often called static loading; the maximum load capacity under such conditions is referred to as static strength. Dynamic loading varies with time in any arbitrar
23、y manner. Fatigue and impact loadings are special cases of dynamic loading. A fatigue loading consists of a sequence of load repetitions that may cause a fatigue failure in about 100 or more cycles. Very high level repeated loadings due to earthquakes or other catastrophic events may cause failures
24、in less than 100 cycles. These failures are sometimes referred to as low-cycle Specifications for Structural Concrete for Buildings Building Code Requirements for Rein- forced Concrete Standard Specification for Uncoated Seven Wire Stress Relieved Steel Strand for Pre- stressed Concrete Standard Spe
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