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1、AS/NZS 5033:2005 Australian/New Zealand Standard Installation of photovoltaic (PV) arrays AS/NZS 5033:2005 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 AS/NZS 5033:2005 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee EL-042, Renewable Energy Power Sup
2、ply Systems and Equipments. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 8 April 2005 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 15 April 2005. This Standard was published on 19 May 2005. The following are represented on Committee EL-042: Alternative Technology As
3、sociation Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association Business Council for Sustainable Energy Electrocomm and Energy Utilities Qualifications Standards Energy Network Association Institution of Professional Engineers, New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development, New Zealand Natio
4、nal Electrical and Communications Association New Zealand Electrical Institute Research Institute for Sustainable Energy Sustainable Energy Authority, Victoria University of New South Wales Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and
5、systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendm
6、ents which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Web Shop at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line c
7、atalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For informa
8、tion about these services, users should contact their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to the C
9、hief Executive of either Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 03389. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 AS/NZS 5033:2005 Australian/New Zealand Standard Installation of phot
10、ovoltaic (PV) arrays First published as AS/NZS 5033:2005. COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the
11、 publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 6699 4 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 AS/NZS 5033:2005 2 PREFACE This Standard was produced by Joint Standards Austr
12、alia/Standards New Zealand Committee EL-042, Renewable Energy Power Supply Systems and Equipment with the assistance of the Australian Greenhouse Office (AGO) and the University of NSW. The objective of this Standard is to provide guidance for installers of photovoltaic arrays. The term informative
13、has been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which it applies. The informative appendixes are provided for information and guidance. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 3AS/NZS 5033:2005 CONTENTS Page SECTION 1SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1SCOPE 5 1.2OBJECT
14、IVE5 1.3NORMATIVE REFERENCES5 1.4 DEFINITIONS 6 SECTION 2 PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 2.1 GENERAL 14 2.2 BYPASS DIODES. 14 2.3 BLOCKING DIODES . 14 2.4 FAULT CURRENT PROTECTION 14 2.5 DISCONNECTING MEANS. 16 2.6 EARTH FAULT PROTECTION. 17 2.7 ALARMS 19 2.8 LIGHTNING AND OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION. 19 SECTIO
15、N 3 WIRING REQUIREMENTS 3.1 COMPLIANCE WITH AS/NZS 3000. 20 3.2 SYSTEM VOLTAGE 20 3.3 INSTALLATION WIRING. 20 3.4 CABLE SELECTION 21 3.5 WIRING IDENTIFICATION 22 SECTION 4 COMPONENT REQUIREMENTS 4.1 PV MODULES 23 4.2 PV ARRAY AND PV SUB-ARRAY JUNCTION BOXES. 23 4.3 SWITCHING DEVICES . 23 4.4 PLUGS,
16、SOCKET-OUTLETS AND COUPLERS 23 4.5 FUSES. 24 SECTION 5 EARTHING 5.1 GENERAL 25 5.2 PV ARRAY SYSTEM EARTHING 25 5.3 EARTHING OF EXPOSED CONDUCTIVE PARTS AND EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING (SYSTEM BONDING). 29 5.4 EQUIPMENT EARTHING . 29 SECTION 6 MARKING AND SIGNS 6.1 GENERAL 31 6.2 PV ARRAY AND PV SUB-ARRAY
17、JUNCTION BOXES. 31 6.3 DISCONNECTION DEVICES 31 6.4 FIRE EMERGENCY INFORMATION. 31 SECTION 7 DOCUMENTATION 7.1 DESIGN INFORMATION 32 7.2 COMMISSIONING INFORMATION. 32 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 AS/NZS 5033:2005 4 SECTION 8 COMMISSIONING TESTS 8.1 GENERAL 33 8.2 OPEN CIR
18、CUIT VOLTAGE. 33 8.3 SOLAR ISOLATION DEVICE TEST. 33 SECTION 9 CASE STUDIES 9.1 GENERAL 34 9.2 EXAMPLES 34 APPENDICES A CHARACTERISTICS OF PV ARRAYS AND SYSTEMS. 35 B MECHANICAL SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS. 38 C FAULT CURRENT ANALYSIS. 39 D EARTHING ISSUES. 43 E SUGGESTED METHODS OF DETECTION AND AUTOMAT
19、IC DISCONNECTION FOR EARTH FAULT PROTECTION 49 F LIGHTNING/OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION 50 G EXAMPLES OF SIGNS 53 H MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS. 55 I ADDITIONAL COMMISSIONING TESTS . 58 J CASE STUDIES DIAGRAMS 61 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 5 AS/NZS 5033:2005 COPYRIGHT STANDARDS
20、AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Installation of photovoltaic (PV) arrays S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard sets out the general installation requirements for photovoltaic (PV) arrays with d.c. open circuit voltages up to 600 V betwe
21、en positive and negative conductors or up to 600 V with respect to earth and a maximum power of 30 kW. NOTES: 1 This includes the following PV array configurations (refer to Figures 1.1 and 1.2) (a) Single string of modules. (b) Multi-string PV array. (c) PV array divided into several sub-arrays. 2
22、Direct current systems, and photovoltaic systems in particular, pose some hazards in addition to those derived from conventional a.c. power systems, including the ability to produce and sustain electrical arcs with currents that are not much greater than normal operating currents. This Standard addr
23、esses the safety requirements arising from the particular characteristics of photovoltaic systems. A discussion of those characteristics is presented in Appendix A. 3 Although this Standard does not cover PV array systems with a power greater than 30 kW, similar principles can be used for such syste
24、ms. 1.2 OBJECTIVE The objective of this Standard is to provide electrical safety and fire protection requirements for (a) uninformed persons, including owner(s)/occupier(s) and users of the premises where photovoltaic arrays are installed; (b) informed workers (e.g. electricians) working on these sy
25、stems; and (c) emergency workers. NOTE: Mechanical safety recommendations are given in Appendix B. 1.3 NORMATIVE REFERENCES AS 1319 Safety signs for the occupational environment 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) 4509 Stand-alone power systems 4509.1 Part 1: Safety requirem
26、ents 4509.2 Part 2: System design guidelines AS/NZS 1170 Structural design actions 1170.2 Part 2: Wind actions 1768 Lightning protection 3000 Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules) Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 AS/NZS 5033:2005 6 COPYRI
27、GHT 3008 Electrical installationsSelection of cables 3008.1.1 Part 1.1: Cables for alternating voltages up to and including 0.6/1 kVTypical Australian installation conditions 3008.1.2 Part 1.2: Cables for alternating voltages up to and including 0.6/1 kVTypical New Zealand installation conditions 31
28、00 Approval and test specificationGeneral requirements for electrical equipment 3112 Approval and test specificationPlugs and socket outlets 3123 Approval and test specificationPlugs, socket-outlets and couplers for general industrial application 3133 Approval and test specificationAir break switche
29、s 3190 Approval and test specificationResidual current devices (current-operated earth-leakage devices) 61008 Residual current-operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCCBs) 61008.1 Part 1: General rules 61009 Residual current operated circui
30、t-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs) 61009.1 Part 1: Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs)General rules IEC 60309 Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purpo
31、ses 60309-2 Part 2: Dimensional interchangeability requirements for pin and contact-tube accessories 61215 Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modulesDesign qualification and type approval 61643 Low voltage surge protective devices 61643-12 Part 12: Surge protective devices connected t
32、o low voltage power distribution systemsSelection and application principles 61646 Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modulesDesign qualification and type approval 61730 Photovoltaic module safety qualification 61730-1 Part 1: Requirements for construction 61829 Crystalline silicon photovoltaic
33、 (PV) arrayOn-site measurement of I-V characteristics 1.4 DEFINITIONS 1.4.1 Accessible, readily Capable of being reached quickly and without climbing over or removing obstructions, standing on a chair, or using a movable ladder, and in any case not more than 2.0 m above the ground, floor or platform
34、. 1.4.2 Active (or active conductor) Any conductor which is maintained at a difference of potential from the neutral or earthed conductor. In a system which does not include a neutral or earthed conductor, all conductors shall be considered to be active conductors. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AU
35、STRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 7 AS/NZS 5033:2005 COPYRIGHT 1.4.3 Available, readily Capable of being reached for inspection, maintenance or repairs without necessitating the dismantling of structural parts, cupboards, benches or the like. 1.4.4 Bypass diode A diode that is connected in parallel with a PV m
36、odule, or a group of PV cells within a PV module, and prevents the PV module or group of cells from being reverse biased (see Figures 1.1 and 1.2). 1.4.5 Cable A single cable core, or two or more cable cores laid up together, either with or without fillings, reinforcements, or protective coverings.
37、1.4.6 Cable, armoured A cable provided with a wrapping of metal, usually tapes or wires, primarily for the purpose of mechanical protection. 1.4.7 Cable core The conductor with its insulation but not including any mechanical protective covering. 1.4.8 Class II equipment Equipment in which protection
38、 against electric shock does not rely on basic insulation only, but in which additional safety precautions such as double insulation or reinforced insulation are provided, there being no provision for protective earthing or reliance upon installation conditions. Such equipment may be one of the foll
39、owing types: (a) Equipment having durable and substantially continuous enclosures of insulating material which envelops all metal parts, with the exception of small parts, such as nameplates, screws and rivets, which are isolated from live parts by insulation at least equivalent to reinforced insula
40、tion; such equipment is called insulation-encased Class II equipment. (b) Equipment having a substantially continuous metal enclosure, in which double insulation is used throughout, except for those parts where reinforced insulation is used, because the application of double insulation is manifestly
41、 impracticable; such equipment is called metal-encased Class II equipment. (c) Equipment that is a combination of the types described in Items (a) and (b). NOTES: 1 The enclosure of insulation-encased Class II equipment may form part of the whole of the supplementary insulation or of the reinforced
42、insulation. 2 If the equipment with double insulation or reinforced insulation throughout has an earthing terminal or earthing contact, it is considered to be of Class I construction. 3 Class II equipment may be provided with means for maintaining the continuity of protective circuits, insulated fro
43、m accessible conductive parts by double insulation or reinforced insulation. 4 Class II equipment may have parts operating at SELV. 1.4.9 Insulation monitor A device that periodically measures the resistance to earth of each pole of the PV array output circuit, and produces an alarm signal when the
44、resistance values fall under a specified limit. 1.4.10 Installation earth When a PV array is installed on a building, the installation earth is the earthing bar or earthing rod of the building. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 10 Jul 2008 AS/NZS 5033:2005 8 COPYRIGHT For freestanding PV
45、arrays, the installation earth is the earthing bar or earthing rod of the PV system. 1.4.11 ISC ARRAY The short circuit current of the PV array at standard test conditions, and is equal to: ISC ARRAY = ISC MOD SA where SA is the total number of parallel-connected PV strings in the PV array 1.4.12 IS
46、C MOD The short circuit current of a PV module or PV string at standard test conditions, as specified by the manufacturer on the product specification plate. NOTE: As PV strings are a group of PV modules connected in series, the short circuit current of a string is equal to ISC MOD. 1.4.13 I MOD REV
47、ERSE The current a module can withstand in the reverse direction to normal without damage to the module. This rating shall be obtained from the manufacturer at expected operating conditions. NOTES: 1 This current rating does not relate to bypass diode rating. The module reverse current is the curren
48、t flowing through the PV cells in the reverse direction to normal current. 2 A typical figure for crystalline silicon modules is between 2 and 2.6 times the normal short circuit current rating ISC MOD. 1.4.14 ISC S-ARRAY The short circuit current of a PV sub-array at standard test conditions, and is
49、 equal to: ISC S-ARRAY = ISC MOD SSA where SSA is the number of parallel-connected PV strings in the PV sub-array 1.4.15 Junction box An enclosure where cables are joined, terminated or connected to electrical equipment and/or protective devices. 1.4.16 Live part A conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal use. 1.4.17 PARRAY The nominal power of the PV array calculated as the sum of the nameplate power ratings of all the PV modules that constitute the array. 1.4.18 PELV (protected extra-low voltag
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