ISO-3451-4-1998.pdf
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1、A Reference number ISO 3451-4:1998(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3451-4 Second edition 1998-12-15 Plastics Determination of ash Part 4: Polyamides Plastiques Dtermination du taux de cendres Partie 4: Polyamides ISO 3451-4:1998(E) ISO 1998 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of t
2、his publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 Switzerland Internetisoiso.ch P
3、rinted in Switzerland ii Contents 1 Scope1 2 Normative reference1 3 Principle1 3.1 Unfilled materials1 3.2 Filled and glass-fibre reinforced materials 1 3.3 Flame-retardant materials reinforced with glass fibre2 4 Reagents (method C or method A in the presence of DBB).2 5 Apparatus.2 6 Procedure.2 6
4、.1 Test portion.2 6.2 Unfilled materials3 6.3 Filled and glass-fibre reinforced materials 3 6.4 Materials reinforced with glass fibre containing flame-retardant antimony trioxide and/or other volatilizable additives.3 7 Expression of results 4 8 Precision.4 9 Test report4 ISOISO 3451-4:1998(E) iii F
5、oreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a te
6、chnical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters
7、of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 3451-4 wa
8、s prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3451-4:1986), which has been technically revised. ISO 3451 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Determi
9、nation of ash: Part 1: General methods Part 2: Poly(alkylene terephthalate) materials Part 3: Unplasticized cellulose acetate Part 4: Polyamides Part 5: Poly(vinyl chloride) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISOISO 3451-4:1998(E) 1 Plastics Determination of ash Part 4: Polyamides WARNING This part of ISO 3451
10、may involve hazardous chemicals, materials and operations. This part of ISO 3451 does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish proper safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations pri
11、or to use. 1 Scope This part of ISO 3451 specifies methods for determination of the ash of polyamides, both filled and unfilled. The general procedures given in ISO 3451-1 are followed. For unfilled materials method A or method C of ISO 3451-1:1997 is used. For filled and glass-fibre reinforced mate
12、rials method A of ISO 3451-1:1997 is used. For glass-fibre filled materials containing flame retardant, antimony trioxide, and/or other, volatilizable, additives such as pigment zinc sulfide, a modification is incorporated to remove these as volatile bromine component(s). 2 Normative reference The f
13、ollowing standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 3451. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 3451 are encouraged to
14、investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 3451-1:1997, Plastics Determination of ash Part 1: General methods. 3 Principle 3.1 Unfilled materials Direct cal
15、cination by burning the organic matter and treating the residue at a high temperature until constant mass is reached (ISO 3451-1:1997, method A). If the material contains metal halides and/or metals (especially in the presence of halogenated material) which are liable to evaporate during burning of
16、the organic matter, calcination after sulfation can be applied (ISO 3451-1:1997, method C). This procedure is carried out by heating the organic matter together with concentrated sulfuric acid up to a temperature where fuming and subsequent burning of the organic matter occurs, and finally treating
17、the residue at a high temperature until constant mass is reached. 3.2 Filled and glass-fibre reinforced materials Direct calcination, by burning the organic matter and treating the residue at a high temperature until constant mass is reached (ISO 3451-1:1997, method A) (see note 1 in 3.3). ISO 3451-
18、4:1998(E) ISO 2 3.3 Flame-retardant materials reinforced with glass fibre Calcination by burning the organic matter in the presence of decabromobiphenyl (DBB) and finally treating the residue at a high temperature until constant mass is reached (ISO 3451-1:1997, method A). NOTE 1Some additives, for
19、instance zinc sulfide, are also completely volatilized as bromides by burning the organic matter in contact with decabromobiphenyl (DBB). Information with respect to the additive(s) present in the material and the potential to evaporate during burning in contact with DBB should be requested from the
20、 supplier or obtained by testing on the pure chemical. NOTE 2Flame retardants with a high bromine content, for instance ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) or brominated polystyrene may also be used. The applicability and amount of chemical to be used can be determined by carrying out ash determinat
21、ions in accordance with 6.4 with increasing amounts of flame retardant until a constant result is obtained. The chemical should be applied as a powder. 4 Reagents (method C or method A in the presence of DBB) During the analysis, use only reagents of analytical grade or specified grade and only dist
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