论英语中的性别歧视分析.pdf
《论英语中的性别歧视分析.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《论英语中的性别歧视分析.pdf(11页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、景德镇陶瓷学院科技 艺术学院 本科生毕业论文(设计) 题目: Sexism in English Vocabulary 学号: 姓名: 院(系): 专业: 完成时间: 指导老师: CONTENTS Acknowledgements Abstract in Chinese. Abstract in English. 1.Definition 2.Sexism in word-formation methods 2.1 Suffixes . 2.2 Sexism in compound words 3.Sxism in Naming and Addressing 3.1 Sexism and Na
2、ming. 3.1.1 Sexism in the first names 3.1.1.1 Derivation of Female Names from Male Names 3.1.1.2 Sexism in Semantic Naming of First Names . 3.1.2 Sexism in the family names 3.1.2.1 Patrilineal System of Family Names 3.1.2.2 Change of Female Family Names upon marriage 3.2 Sexism and Addressing . 3.2.
3、1 Sexism in Addressing Terms 3.2.1.1Female Social Titles upon Relationship with Male 3.2.1.2 Derogation of Female Honorific Titles . 3.2.1.3 Abusive Addressing Patterns 4.Sexism in Proverb and Slang 4.1 Sexism in Proverb 4.2 Sexism in Slang 5. Conclusion 6. Bibliography ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My deepest g
4、ratitude goes first and foremost to Professor Hou Xiaohua,my supervisor,for her constant and inspiring guidance and encouragement.She has walked me through all the stages of writing of the thesis.Without her constant and illuminating instruction,this thesis could not have reached its present form. S
5、econd,i would like to expree my heartfelt gratitude to all the teachers who taught me when i have striving for my Bachelor Degree for their excellent lectures and inspiring ideas. Last, my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through the
6、se years.I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis 摘要 英语不仅是一种语言工具,也是一种意识形态工具。性别歧视这一文化观念 反映在语言的词汇学中。牛津高级字典是这样解释的:“不平等的对待人,尤其 是对女性,因为她们的性别”。本篇论文
7、将从英语词汇构词法、词义、称谓语及 谚语和俚语分析英语词汇中的性别歧视。所以对性别歧视了解的越多, 避免的困 难也就越多。这是很有实际意义的。 关键词 :语言;英语词汇;性别歧视 ABSTRACT English is not only a language tool, but also an ideological tool. Vocabulary of the language can faithfully reflect the culture it serves such as sexism.The oxford advanced learners dictionary explain
8、s it as below: the unfair treatment of people, especially women, because of their sex.This article will discuss sexism that exists in English lexicon in terms of word formation ,word meaning ,naming and addressing terms ,as well as proverb and slang terms.So the more you know it, the better you will
9、 avoid trouble. Therefore, the present research has important practical significances. Key words: language ;English word;sexism; 1.Definition Sexism,according to Oxford Advanced Learners English -Chinese Dictionary is defined as prejudice or discrimination against people (esp.woman)because of their
10、sex ;and according to Longman Dictionary of Comtenporary English ,sexism is defined as ideas and believe that menbers of one(usually man) sex are more able and clever than theode of the other sex .It is manifest in all forms of behavior from subtle gestures and especially language to exploitation an
11、d oppression ,and in all human institutions from the family to the multinational corporation(Paula S Rothenberg 1988 :21) It affirms the dominance of men over women, jnst as Rosemary Radford Ruether(1993 :165)holds that“sexism is gender privilege of males over females It is males primarily who have
12、originated this form of oppression,benefited from it,and perpetuated it ,legally and ideologically ”In this sense, it keeps women in second classstatus , denies them their rights to control their own bodies,and denies personal ,mental,and physical safety ; it reinforces the false notion that any man
13、 who is gentle ,flexible,compassionateor gay becomes “feminine ”and thereby loses status and respect 2.Sexism in word formation Word formation is one of the elements in language from which we can find many examples of sexism.The most obvious one is the word “history”,which it combines words “his ”an
14、d “story ”.It claimed that the history belonged to man not the woman.In general,it is divided in to two categories,adding suffixes and compounding. 2.1 Adding suffixes Adding -tress is common among words like ,actress,authoress,sculptress and waitress.Although it sometimes awarded some outlanding ac
15、hievements of women,the importance of its role isnt the same as man.For instance,we usually call a man of a general manager,rather than a general manageress.The highest rank of poet in British is Poet Laureate,which it award to every distinguished poet including both males and females.Howerever,rarl
16、y had it probably honored a poet of Poetess Laureate. Word like hostess is widely accepted by people in bar ,which its meaning had been degraded.The same as in the terms of JewessNegrss and Quakeress The suffix of -ette includes three meanings .The first one aims at small size,such as “cigarette(香烟)
17、 ” and “kitchenette(小厨房) ”.The second level is artifical ,such as “Leatherette(人造皮) ”.The third level derives from the last two meanings which discloses the oweakness of woman and subordinates to man.As a result ,it discininates against woman obviously.Woman are unfairly treated.Duing the turn of 19
18、 century and 20 century , “Suffragette”was frequently used by women who wanted to strive rights for women.However,the public and media used it with derogation. Words like aviatrix( 女飞行员),executrix(女执行官) and dominatrix(母夜叉 ) added the suffix of -trix,which all present an insular prejudice towards wom
19、en.Women are so weak and fragile that they need obey to men. 2.2 Sexism in compound words In addition to sex discrimination in suffixes,compounding is a good example too.Take word-formationof common words made by “man ” and “woman ”for example .on one hand,there are a great many words with “man ”,li
20、ke human,policeman,chairman,businessman,sportsman,superman,mankind,postman,Engl ishman,airman,salesman,clergyman,kinsman,countryman,etc.Even the word “woman ”is made up of “man. All these words should refer only to the male,while in fact,the meanings of these words also cover woman,which is obviousl
21、y unfair to the female.Actually,this kind of words are regarded as masculine words in grammar.According to the point of view in English history,it inherits word-formation principle of Latin and old English in grammar gender.So such kinds of words empasize masculine in word structure.At the sametime,
22、it also stresses that all things are done by the mmale, not the female in practical use. That is quite unfair to the female.On the other hand,in social life,pepole always regard women with discrimination.If a woman is engaged in noble cases,she will face much more difficulties than men.And the follo
23、wing meaning of words also show that the words made up of”woman ”mainly emphasize the characteristics of women who are engaged in some kind of profession or belong to a certain of sector.For example, (1)Womankind: female human beings (2)Chairwoman: a woman presiding officer of an assembly meeting,co
24、mmittee or board (3)Womanpower:the power of woman physcial strength (4)Policewoman: a woman who is in a member of a police force (5)Womanhood:the state of being a woman;woman (6)Horsewoman:a woman horseback rider 3.Sexim in Naming and Addressing Spender(1985:24) notes: one of the features of English
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语 中的 性别 歧视 分析
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-4748569.html