1、EducationSkimmingEducation costs money,Education costs money,but then so does but then so does ignorance.ignorance.2021/8/311LOGOEducationSkimmingEducations purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.Education is what remains after one has forgotten everything he learned in school.-Albert
2、Einstein(1879-1955)2021/8/312ContentsSpeedReadingSpeedTechniquesHowtoSKIMWhentoSKIMWhatisSkimming2021/8/313Reading SpeedSpeed20072008200920101503006008002021/8/314Speed ReadingFactors That Influence Reading RateApassagewithverylongsentencescanmakereadingmoredifficultandwillforceyoutoreadmoreslowlyUn
3、derstanding becomes difficult or impossible and your reading rate is slowComplicated ideas or a sophisticated line of reasoningText Factors Sentence Length Vocab-ulary Ideas and Concept2021/8/315Reader FactorsVocab LevelComprehension AbilityBackground KnowledgeHow many words do you determine to lear
4、n per day?Core parts,topic,main idea and details Schema.To LearnTo KnowTo Practice2021/8/316Techniques for Speed ReadingSeeing more than one word in a single eye fixation.It involves widening your eye span so that you can see several words in one fixation.What is Phrase ReadingPhrase ReadingPhrase r
5、eading is a technique that builds fluency,aids comprehension,and improves oral reading.2021/8/317Techniques for Speed ReadingTo Read efficiently you should try to get rid of bad reading habits and get into good ones Studying economics is difficult because it requires careful attention to facts and f
6、iguresGroup words that naturally go togetherHow to Phrase ReadGroup words together into meaningful unitsPractice phrase reading persistentlyYou may find it takes several weeks of continued practice to develop the habit.2021/8/318Phrase Reading ExamplevActually,thecommoncoldisnotassimpleasitseems.Itc
7、anbecausedbyanyof200differentviruses,anditcanbringmiseryineightways:sorethroat,sneezing,runnynosewateryeyes,achesandpains,mildfever,nasalcongestion,andcoughing.2021/8/319Key Word ReadingTVNewsCaption:AirlineHijackingLosAngeles53hostages.FourHijacker.IdentityandPurposeUnknownv.Keywordreadinginvolvess
8、kippingovernonessentialwordsandreadingonlythosewordsandphraseswhichcarrytheprimaryorcoremeaningofeachsentence.Keywordreadingidsimilartoreadingatelegram,theheadlineinanewspaper,oranewscaptionwhichisrunningacrossthebottomofatelevisionscreenwhileaprogramisinprogress.2021/8/3110ExamplevKeywordreadingisa
9、newtechnique.Althoughitisfasterthanmostofthecarefulreadingtechniques,thereadermustexpectadecreaseinfactualcomprehension.Insomesituations,itisworththeloss,dependingonthereaderspurposeandthetypeofmaterialbeingread.2021/8/3111vKeywordreadingisanewtechnique.Althoughitisfasterthanmostofthecarefulreadingt
10、echniques,thereadermustexpectadecreaseinfactualcomprehension.Insomesituations,itisworththeloss,dependingonthereaderspurposeandthetypeofmaterialbeingread.2021/8/3112Using Using Sentence Sentence StructureStructureUsing Using Grammatical Grammatical StructureStructureUsing Using TypographicTypographic
11、al Aidsal AidsHow to locate key words2021/8/3113Rereading vRereadingestablishedthemechanicalprocessofmorerapideyemovementandgivesyoupreliminarypracticeora“trialrun”withreadingatahigherreadingrate.v1.Selectanarticlereadatyournormalspeed.Timeyourself.v2.Takeabreak,thenrereadthematerial.Pushyourselftor
12、eadfaster.Timeyourself.2021/8/3114vSkimmingisthereadingstyleusedbyflexiblereaderswhentheirpurposeistoquicklyobtainageneralideaaboutthereadingmaterial.TheSkimmingstyleismostusefulwhenyouhavetoreadalargeamountofmaterialinashortamountoftime.WhenusingtheSkimmingstyle,youshouldidentifythemainideasineachp
13、aragraphandignorethedetailsinsupportivesentences.Becauseyouareonlylookingforthemainideaineachparagraphyouread,alowerlevelofcomprehensionistobeexpectedthanwhenusingtheStudyReadingstyle2021/8/3115When to Skim?2021/8/3116How to SkimvRules:Eyesfloatdownoverthecontentforkeywords.Payattentiontodirectionwo
14、rds,too.vSteps:1.readthetitle.v2.readthefirstparagraphcompletely.v3.Readsubheadingsandfirstsentencesofremainingparagraphs.v4.Alternatelyreadthebodyofthematerial.v5.Ifthefinalparagraphappearstobeasummary,readitcompletely.2021/8/3117Demonstration of Skimming Usuallythefirstparagraphwillbereadataverage
15、speedallthewaythrough.Itoftencontainsanintroductionoroverviewofwhatwillbetalkedabout.Sometimes,however,thesecondparagraphcontainstheintroductionoroverview.Inthefirstparagraphtheauthormightjustbe“warmingup”orsayingsthclevertoattractattention.Readingathirdparagraphmaybeunnecessarybut.themainideaisusua
16、llycontainedintheopeningsentence.topicsentence.Besidesthefirstsentencethereadershouldgetsomebutnotallthedetailfromtherestoftheparagraphnames.datesThistellsyounothinghencesometimesthemainideaisinthemiddleorattheendoftheparagraph.Someparagraphsmerelyrepeatideas.Occasionallythemainideacantbefoundintheo
17、peningsentence.Thewholeparagraphmustthenberead.ThenleaveoutalotofthenextparagraphtomakeuptimeRemembertokeepaveryfastrate.400w.p.m.DontbeafraidtoleaveouthalformoreofeachparagraphDontgetinterestedandstarttoreadeverything.Loweredcomprehensionisexpected.50%.nottoolow.Skimmingpracticemakesiteasier.gainco
18、nfidence.Perhapsyouwontgetanythingatallfromafewparagraphs.dontworrySkimminghasmanyuses.reportsnewspaperstext.examTheendingparagraphsmightbereadmorefullyasoftentheycontainasummary.Rememberthattheimportanceofskimmingistogetonlytheauthorsmainideaataveryfastspeed.2021/8/3118Pulp Friction vEverysecond,1h
19、ectareoftheworldsrainforestisdestroyed.Thatsequivalenttotwofootballfields.AnareathesizeofNewYorkCityislosteveryday.Inayear,thataddsupto31millionhectares-morethanthelandareaofPoland.Thisalarmingrateofdestructionhasseriousconsequencesfortheenvironment;scientistsestimate,forexample,that137speciesofplan
20、t,insectoranimalbecomeextincteverydayduetologging.InBritishColumbia,where,since1990,thirteenrainforestvalleyshavebeenclearcut,142speciesofsalmonhavealreadybecomeextinct,andthehabitatsofgrizzlybears,wolvesandmanyothercreaturesarethreatened.Logging,however,providesjobs,profits,taxesforthegovernmentand
21、cheapproductsofallkindsforconsumers,sothegovernmentisreluctanttorestrictorcontrolit.2021/8/3119vMuchofCanadasforestryproductiongoestowardsmakingpulpandpaper.AccordingtotheCanadianPulpandPaperAssociation,Canadasupplies34%oftheworldswoodpulpand49%ofitsnewsprintpaper.Ifthesepaperproductscouldbeproduced
22、insomeotherway,Canadianforestscouldbepreserved.Recently,apossiblealternativewayofproducingpaperhasbeensuggestedbyagriculturalistsandenvironmentalists:aplantcalledhemp.2021/8/3120vHemphasbeencultivatedbymanyculturesforthousandsofyears.Itproducesfibrewhichcanbemadeintopaper,fuel,oils,textiles,food,and
23、rope.Forcenturies,itwasessentialtotheeconomiesofmanycountriesbecauseitwasusedtomaketheropesandcablesusedonsailingships;colonialexpansionandtheestablishmentofaworld-widetradingnetworkwouldnothavebeenfeasiblewithouthemp.Nowadays,shipscablesareusuallymadefromwireorsyntheticfibres,butscientistsarenowsug
24、gestingthatthecultivationofhempshouldberevivedfortheproductionofpaperandpulp.Accordingtoitsproponents,fourtimesasmuchpapercanbeproducedfromlandusinghempratherthantrees,andmanyenvironmentalistsbelievethatthelarge-scalecultivationofhempcouldreducethepressureonCanadasforests.2021/8/3121vHowever,thereis
25、aproblem:hempisillegalinmanycountriesoftheworld.Thisplant,sousefulforfibre,rope,oil,fuelandtextiles,isaspeciesofcannabis,relatedtotheplantfromwhichmarijuanaisproduced.Inthelate1930s,amovementtobanthedrugmarijuanabegantogatherforce,resultingintheeventualbanningofthecultivationnotonlyoftheplantusedtop
26、roducethedrug,butalsoofthecommercialfibre-producinghempplant.AlthoughbothGeorgeWashingtonandThomasJeffersongrewhempinlargequantitiesontheirownland,anyAmericangrowingtheplanttodaywouldsoonfindhimselfinprison-despitethefactthatmarijuanacannotbeproducedfromthehempplant,sinceitcontainsalmostnoTHC(theact
27、iveingredientinthedrug).2021/8/3122vInrecentyears,twomajormovementsforlegalizationhavebeengatheringstrength.OnegroupofactivistsbelievesthatALLcannabisshouldbelegal-boththehempplantandthemarijuanaplant-andthattheuseofthedrugmarijuanashouldnotbeanoffense.Theyarguethatmarijuanaisnotdangerousoraddictive
28、andthatitisusedbylargenumbersofpeoplewhoarenotcriminalsbutproductivemembersofsociety.Theyalsopointoutthatmarijuanaislesstoxicthanalcoholortobacco.Theotherlegalizationmovementisconcernedonlywiththehempplantusedtoproducefibre;thisgroupwantstomakeitlegaltocultivatetheplantandsellthefibreforpaperandpul
29、pproduction.Thissecondgrouphashadamajortriumphrecently:in1997,Canadalegalizedthefarmingofhempforfibre.Forthefirsttimesince1938,hundredsoffarmersareplantingthiscrop,andsoonwecanexpecttoseepulpandpaperproducedfromthisnewsource.2021/8/3123Word Pretestv1.A2.B.3.A4.C5.Cv6.A7.B8.A9.B10.C11.CReadinReading
30、Skillg Skillv4.C5.B6.Bv1.F2.T.3.Fv4.F5.T6.T2021/8/3124William William FaulknerFaulkner vThe Sound and the FuryvAs I Lay DyingvLight in AugustvAbsalom,Absalom!2021/8/3125v“Memorybelievesbeforeknowingremembers.Believeslongerthanrecollects,longerthanknowingevenwonders.”v“Alwaysdreamandshoothigherthanyo
31、uknowyoucando.Dontbotherjusttobebetterthanyourcontemporariesorpredecessors.Trytobebetterthanyourself.”vAmulewilllabortenyearswillinglyandpatientlyforyou,fortheprivilegeofkickingyouonce.2021/8/3126v“IfIwerereincarnated,Idwanttocomebackabuzzard.Nothinghateshimorenvieshimorwantshimorneedshim.Heisneverb
32、otheredorindanger,andhecaneatanything.”v“Read,read,read.Readeverything-trash,classics,goodandbad,andseehowtheydoit.Justlikeacarpenterwhoworksasanapprenticeandstudiesthemaster.Read!Youllabsorbit.Thenwrite.Ifitisgood,youllfindout.Ifitsnot,throwitoutthewindow.”2021/8/3127Vocabulary BuildingI.1.mess2.pr
33、eference 3.aimlessly4remarkable/marked5.decisive6shipment7.fiery8.physically9action10.housingII.1.a.aptitudeb.attitude2.a.accountb.countedc.counted3.a.talentb.intelligence2021/8/3128Clozevotherjust/onlyhassome/anythanrefusesee/know/understandthatwithoutifready/willing/educated/taughtwrong/incorrect/
34、erroneous2021/8/3129Section Bv1.A2.C3.C 4.C5.Cv6.C7.C8.C 9.A10.Cv11.B12.A13.B14.ASection Cv1.C2.C3.Dv4.D5.A6.C2021/8/3130Benjamin Franklin vWelldoneisbetterthanwellsaid.Ifyouknowhowtospendlessthanyouget,youhavethephilosophersstone.At20yearsofagethewillreigns;at30thewit;andat40thejudgment.Employthyti
35、mewell,ifthoumeanesttogetleisure.Hethatisoftheopinionmoneywilldoeverythingmaywellbesuspectedofdoingeverythingformoney.Hethatisgoodformakingexcusesisseldomgoodforanythingelse.Hidenotyourtalents,theyforuseweremade.Whatsasun-dialintheshade?Ifyouwouldbewealthy,thinkofsavingaswellasgetting.Youmaydelay,buttimewillnot.Geniuswithouteducationislikesilverinthemine.2021/8/3131LOGOAdd your company slogan2021/8/3132LOGO部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！
