1、1972 年国际海上避碰规则公约 Convention on the International Regulations for PreventingCollisions at Sea, 1972各缔约国 , 本着保持高度的海上安全的愿望 , 注意到有必要对 1960年国际海上 人命安全会议最终议定书所附的国际海上避碰规则进行修订并使之适应新的情况 , 经就该规则被认可以来的发展情况对之进行了审议 , 现协议如下 :THE PARTIES TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION,DESIRING to maintain a high level of safety at sea,M
2、INDFUL of the need to revise and bring up to date theInternational Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea annexed to the Final Act of the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1960,HAVING CONSIDERED those Regulations in the light of developments since they were approved,HAVE AGREE
3、D as follows:第 I 条一般义务 Article I General obligations本公约各缔约国保证实施构成本公约所附 1972年国际海上避碰规则 ( 以下简 称“本规则” )的各项条款及其他附录。 The Parties to the present Convention undertake to give effect to the Rules and other Annexes constituting the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, (hereinafter
4、 referred to as the Regulations) attached hereto.第 II 条签署、批准、接受、核准和加入 Article II Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval and accession1. 本公约保持开放到 1973年6月1日为止供签署 ,此后继续开放供加入。 1. The present Convention shall remain open for signature until 1 June 1973 and shall thereafter remain open for accessio
5、n.2. 联合国或其任何专门机构或国际原子能机构的会员国 ,或国际法院规约的当 事方, 可按照下列方式参加本公约 :2. States Members of the United Nations, or of any of the Specialized Agencies, or the International Atomic Energy Agency, or Parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may become Parties to this Convention by:(a) 签署并对批准、接受或
6、核准无保留 ;(a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval;(b) 签署而有待批准、接受或核准，随后予以批准、接受或核准；或(b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval followed by ratification, acceptance or approval； or(c) 加入。 (c) accession.3. 批准、接受、核准或加入须向政府间海事协商组织 (以下简称“本组织”) 交存相应的文件 ,
7、方为有效。本组织应将每一上述文件的交存和交存日期通知已签 署或已加入本公约的各国政府。 3. Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (hereinafter referred to as the Organization) which shall inform the Governme
8、nts of States that have signed or acceded to the presentConvention of the deposit of each instrument and of the date of its deposit.第 III 条适用的领土 Article III Territorial application1. 联合国如系某一领土的管理当局 , 或任一缔约国如负责某一领土的国际关系 可随时以书面通知本组织秘书长 ( 以下简称“秘书长” ), 将本公约扩大适用于该领 土。1. The United Nations in cases where
9、they are the administering authority for a territory or any Contracting Party responsible for the international relations of a territory may at any time by notification in writing to the Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter referred to as the Secretary-General), extend the application
10、of this Convention to such a territory.2. 本公约应自接到通知之日或通知中规定的其他日期起 ,扩大适用于通知中所 述领土。 2. The present Convention shall, upon the date of receipt of the notification or from such other date as may be specified in the notification, extend to the territory named therein.3 对根据本条第 1 款所作通知中所述的任何领土 , 均可撤销扩大适用 ,
11、 经一年 后或撤销时规定的更长期限后 , 本公约即不再适用于该领土。 3. Any notification made in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article may be withdrawn in respect of any territory mentioned in that notification and the extension of this Convention to that territory shall cease to apply after one year or such longer period as m
12、ay be specified at the time of the withdrawal.4. 秘书长应将根据本条所递交的任何扩大适用或撤销扩大适用的通 4. The Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties of the notification of any extension or withdrawal of any extension知, 通知所有缔约国communicated under this Article. 第 IV 条生效 Article IV Entry into force1. (a) 本公约应在至少
13、有 15个国家参加本公约之日起 12个月后生效 ,该 15国 的商船总和应不少于全世界 100 总吨及 100 总吨以上船舶的艘数或吨位的 65%。以 先达到者为准。 1. (a) The present Convention shall enter into force twelve months after the date on which at least 15 States, the aggregate of whose merchant fleets constitutes not less than 65 per cent by number or by tonnage of t
14、he world fleet of vessels of 100 gross tons and over have become Parties to it, whichever is achieved first.(b)尽管有本款(a)项的规定,本公约在1976年1月1日之前不应生效。(b) Notwithstanding the provisions in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, the present Convention shall not enter into force before 1 January 1976.2. 对于在达到本
15、条第1款(a)项所规定的条件之后而在本公约生效之前按照第II 条规定批准。接受。核准或加入本公约的国家 , 应自本公约生效之日起生效。 2. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention in accordance with Article II after the conditions prescribed in sub-paragraph 1(a) have been met and before the Convention enters into force,
16、 shall be on the date of entry into force of the Convention.3. 对于在本公约生效之日以后批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的国家 , 应自按 第 II 条规定交存文件之日起生效。 3. Entry into force for States whichratify, accept, approve or accede after the date on which thisConvention enters into force, shall be on the date of deposit of an instrument in ac
17、cordance with Article II.4. 在本公约修正案按照第 VI 条第 4 款规定生效之日后 , 任何批准、接受、核 准或加入 , 都应适用修正后的公约。 4. After the date of entry into force of an amendment to this Convention in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article VI, any ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall apply to the Convention as amended.5
18、 本公约生效之日 , 本规则即代替并废除 1960年国际海上避碰规则。 5. On the date of entry into force of this Convention, the Regulations replace and abrogate the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960.6. 秘书长应将生效日期通知已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。 6. The Secretary-General shall inform the Governments of States that ha
19、ve signed or acceded to this Convention of the date of its entry into force.第 V 条修订会议 Article V Revision conference1. 本组织可以召开会议修订本公约或本规则 , 或修订二者。 1. A Conference for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both may be convened by the Organization.2. 经不少于三分之一的缔约国请求 , 本组织应召开缔约国会议
20、 , 以修订本公约 或本规则 , 或修订二者。 2. The Organization shall convene a Conference of Contracting Parties for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both at the request of not less than one-third of the Contracting Parties.第 VI 条本规则的修正 Article VI Amendments to the Regulations1. 任一缔约国对本规则所
21、提的任何修正案 ,经其请求后 ,应在本组织中予以审 议。1. Any amendment to the Regulations proposed by a Contracting Party shall be considered in the Organization at the request of that Party.2. 如该修正案经出席本组织海上安全委员会并投票的三分之二多数通过 , 则至 少应在本组织大会对之审议前 6 个月将其通知所有缔约国和本组织会员。在大会审 议该修正案时 , 非本组织会员的任何缔约国均有权参加。 2. If adopted by a two- third
22、s majority of those present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization, such amendment shall be communicated to all Contracting Parties and Members of the Organization at least six months prior to its consideration by the Assembly of the Organization. Any Contracting Party which
23、 is not a Member of the Organization shall be entitled to participate when the amendment is considered by the Assembly.3. 如该修正案经出席大会并投票的三分之二多数通过 ,秘书长应将其通知所有 缔约国以供接受。 3. If adopted by a two-third majority of those present and voting in the Assembly, the amendment shall be communicated by the Secretar
24、y-General to all Contracting Parties for their acceptance.4. 该项修正案应在大会通过时所决定的日期生效 , 除非在大会所同 4. Such an amendment shall enter into force on a date to be determined by the Assembly at the time of its adoption unless, by a prior date determined by the Assembly at the same time, more than时确定的一个较早日期之前 ,
25、有三分之一以上的缔约国通知本组织反对该修正 案。本款所指经大会决定的两个日期 , 应由到会并投票的三分之二多数通过。 one- third of the Contracting Parties notify the Organization of their objection to the amendment. Determination by the Assembly of the dates referred to in this paragraph shall be by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting.5. 任何修正
26、案一经生效后 ,对于未曾对修正案提出反对的所有缔约国 , 即应取 代并废止该修正案所涉及的任何原有的规定。 5. On entry into force any amendment shall, for all Contracting Parties which have not objected to the amendment, replace and supersede any previous provision to which the amendment refers.6. 秘书长应将按本条所作的任何请求和通知以及修正案的生效日期 , 通知所有 缔约国和本组织会员。 6. The
27、Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties and Members of the Organization of any request and communication under this Article and the date on which any amendment enters into force.第 VII 条退出 Article VII Denunciation1. 任何缔约国 , 在本公约对其生效满五年后 ,可随时退出本公约。 1. The present Convention may be denou
28、nced by a Contracting Party at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention entered into force for that Party.2. 退出本公约应向本组织交存相应的文件。秘书长应将所收到的退出文件及 该文件的交存日期通知所有其他缔约国。 2. Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument with the Organization. The Secretary
29、General shall inform all other Contracting Parties of the receipt of the instrument of denunciation and of the date of its deposit.3. A3. 退出应在交存文件一年后或该文件中规定的更长期限后生效。 denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument, after its deposit.第 VIII 条保管和登记
30、Article VIII Deposit and registration1. 本公约与本规则应交存本组织保管。秘书长应将核证无误的副本分送所有 已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。 1. The present Convention and the Regulations shall be deposited with the Organization, and the SecretaryGeneral shall transmit certified true copies thereof to all Governments of States that have signed this C
31、onvention or acceded to it.2. 当本公约生效时 , 秘书长应按照联合国宪章第 102条的规定 , 将该文本送联 合国秘书处登记并公布。 2. When the present Convention enters into force, the text shall be transmitted by the Secretary-General to the Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 of the C
32、harter of the United Nations.第 LX 条文字 Article IX Languages本公约连同本规则用英文和法文写成单一文本 , 两种文本具有同等效力。应备 有俄文和西班牙文的正式译本 , 与签署的原本一并存放。下列具名的经各国政府正 式授权的代表 ,特签署本公约 ,以昭信守。 1972年10月20日订于伦敦。 The present Convention is established, together with the Regulations, in a single copy in the English and French languages, bot
33、h texts being equally authentic. Official translations in the Russian and Spanish languages shall be prepared and deposited with the signed original.IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned being duly authorized by their respective Governments for that purpose have signed the present Convention.DONE AT LO
34、NDON this twentieth day of October one thousand nine hundred and seventy-two.一九七二年国际海上避碰规则 INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA, 1972第一章总则PART A GENERA第一条适用范围 Rule lApplication1. 本规则各条适用于在公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。 (a) These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas
35、and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.2. 本规则各条不妨碍有关主管机关为连接公海而可供海船航行的 (b) Nothingin these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules madeby an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas an
36、d任何港外锚地、港口、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。这 种特殊规定 , 应尽可能符合本规则各条。 navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules.3. 本规则各条,不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的关于额外的队 形灯、信号灯或笛号 , 或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯或信 号灯的任何特殊规定的实施。这些额外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号 , 应尽可能不致被 误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯或信号。 (c)
37、Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made by the Government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect to additional station or signal lights for f
38、ishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal lights or whistle signals shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules.4. 为实施本规则 , 本组织可以采纳分道通航制。 (d) Traffic separation schemes may be ad
39、opted by the Organization for the purpose of these Rules.5. 凡经有关政府确定 , 某种特殊构造或用途的船舶 , 如须完全遵守本规则任何 一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位臵、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配臵和特性的 规定, 就不能影响其特殊功能时 , 则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位臵、能见 距离或弧度以及声号设备的配臵和特性方面为之另行确定的尽可能符合本规则所要 求的规定。 (e) Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of spec
40、ial construction or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, without interfering with the special funct
41、ion of the vessel, such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the closest possib
42、le compliance with these Rules in respect to that vessel.第二条责任 Rule 2Responsibility1. 本规则各条不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船长或船员由于对遵 (a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to守本规则各条的任何疏忽 , 或者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可能要求的任 何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责
43、任。 comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case.2. 在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时 ,应适当考虑到 ,为避免紧迫危险而须背离 本规则各条规定的一切航行和碰撞的危险 , 以及任何特殊情况 , 其中包括当事船舶条 件限制在内。 (b) In construing and complying with these Rule
44、s due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.第三条一般定义 Rule 3 General definitions除其他条文另有解释外 , 在本规则中 :For the purp
45、ose of these Rules, except where the context otherwise requires:1. “船舶”一词 , 指用作或者能够用作水上运输工具的各类水船筏 , 包括非排 水船舶和水上飞机。 (a) The word vessel includes every description of water craft, including non-displacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water.2. “机动
46、船”一词 , 指用机器推进的任何船舶。 (b) The term power-driven vessel means any vessel propelled by machinery.3. “帆船”一词 , 指任何驶帆的船舶 , 包括装有推进机器而不在使用者。 (c)The term sailing vessel means any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used.4. “从事捕鱼的船舶”一词 , 指使用网具、绳钓、拖网或其他使其操纵性能受 到限制的渔具捕鱼的
47、任何船舶 , 但不包括使用曳绳钓或其他并不使其操纵性能受到 限制的渔具捕鱼的船舶。 (d) The term vessel engaged in fishing means any vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls or other fishing apparatus which restrict manoeuvrability, but does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict man
48、oeuvrability.5. “水上飞机”一词 , 包括为能在水面操纵而设计的任何航空器。 (e) The word seaplane includes any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water.6. “失去控制的船舶”一词 , 指由于某种异常的情况 , 不能按本规则各条的要 求进行操纵 , 因而不能给他船让路的船舶。 (f) The term vessel not under command means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to m
49、anoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.7. “操纵能力受到限制的船舶”一词 , 指由于工作性质 , 使其按本规则要求进 行操纵的能力受到限制 , 因而不能给他船让路的船舶。下列船舶应作为操纵能力受 到限制的船舶 :(g) The term vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre means a vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way
