新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详细讲解.docx

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1、SectionATextATowardabrighterfutureforall1.Goodafternoon!Aspresidentoftheuniversity,Iamproudtowelcomeyoutothisuniversity.Yourachievementisthetriumphofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers.Hereattheuniversity,wepledgetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.下午好！作为校长，我非常自

2、豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。Wordsandphrase1. achievementnsomethingverygoodanddifficultthatyouhavesucceededindoing:.AnOlympicsilvermedalisaremarkableachievementforonesoyoung.2. triumphnbeingsuccessfulorvictorious成功,胜禾shoutsoftriumphgreatachievementorsucces

3、s成功oneofthetriumphsofmodernsciencev.(oversb/sth)besuccessfulorvictorioustriumphoveronesdifficulties战胜困难.3. pledgevsth(tosb/sth)(fml)promisesolemnlytogive(support,etc);give(onesword,honour,etc)asapledge保证给予(支持等)；以(誓言、名誉等)作担保：pledgeloyaltytotheking发誓效忠国王bepledgedtokeepingasecret誓守秘密.sb/oneself(tosth/t

4、odosth)promisesolemnlythatsb/onewilldosthorsupportacause,etc保证某人自己做某事或支持某事业等TheGovernmenthaspledgeditselftosendaidtothefaminevictims.政府已承诺赈济饥民.典当（某物）Tnleave（sth）withsbasapledgeHespledgedhismothersweddingring.Tn（fml）drinktothehealthof（sb）;toast（sb）为（某人）的健康祝酒；向（某人）祝酒：pledgethebride（新娘）andbridegroom（新郎

5、4. rewardingadjgivingyousatisfaction,pleasure,orprofit值得的;有意义的；有回报的Ourjourneytotheorphanage（孤儿院）wasaveryrewardingexperience.Antonym:unrewardingSynonym:satisfying5. as.aspossibleas+adj/adv+as;as+adj+n+as尽力做某事的意思Wehavetorunasfastaspossible.CanyousayitasloudlyaspossibleIhopeyoullstayaslongaspossible.W

6、eneedasmanyapplesaspossible.Youmustcomebackassoonaspossible.Wordformationnote:adjsuffix-ing1. -ing加在某些transitiveverb后，构成adj,主要用于表示事物的性质或特征,或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。这类词包括welcoming,charming,discouraging,disgusting,frightening,alarming,surprising等。例如：awelcomingsmile热情的微笑acharminghouseontheoutskirtsofthetown在

7、城镇交B外的栋漂亮的房子analarmingincreaseinhousingprice房价的惊人增长Asurprisingnumberofmenstaybachelors.有相当多的男子仍然是单身。2. -ing加在intransitiveverb之后，构成adj,表示某事或某人仍然处于某种状v1.0可编辑可修改态。例如：arecurringproblem反复出现的问题hisagingmother他那日渐苍老的母亲Heworehishairintheprevailingfashion.他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。Paraphrase1 Yourachievementisthetriumph

8、ofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers.Meaning:Yourenteringthisuniversityisanimportantsuccess.Thissuccessisduetomanyyearsofyourhardwork,andmanyyearsofyourparentsandteachershardwork.2 Hereattheuniversity,wepledgetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.Meaning:Hereatth

9、euniversity,wepromisetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasworthwhileaspossible.3 .Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymonlookofmydadandme.Posenaturally,Mominstructedus.Wait!saidDad,Letstakeapictureofmehandinghimanalarmclock.Theclockwokemeupeverymorningin

10、college.Itisstillonmyofficedesk.在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。”“等一等，”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。”在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。Wordsandphrase1. remindvinform(sb)ofafactortell(sb)todosthhemayhaveforgotten提醒:DoIhavetoremindyouyetagainRemindmetoanswerthatletter.sbofsb/sthcausesbtorem

11、emberorbenewlyawareofsb/sth使某人回想起或意识到某人某事物:Heremindsmeofhisbrother.ThissongremindsmeofFrance.remindernsth.thatmakesyounotice,remember,orthinkaboutsth.起提醒作用的东西Thecoldservedasareminderthatwinterwasntquitefinished.Thewaiterswereclearingthetables,whichservedasareminderthatitwastimetoleave.2. posev（a） I,

12、Ipr（forsb）sitorstandinaparticularpositioninordertobepainted,drawnorphotographed摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）：Hehadtoposewearingalaurelwreath.他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势.*（b） Tnput（sb）inaparticularpositioninordertopaint,draworphotographhim使（某人）摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）：Theartistposedhismodelcarefully.那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势.1 （derog贬）behaveinanunnatu

13、raloraffectedwayinordertoimpresspeople装月空作势:Stopposingandtelluswhatyoureallythink.另装蒜啦,告诉我们你的真实想法吧.posen1 positioninwhichapersonposesorisposed（pose1b）（为画像或拍照而摆的）姿势，姿态：Sheadoptedanelegantpose.她摆了一个优美的姿势.2 （derog贬）unnaturaloraffectedwayofbehaving,intendedtoimpresspeople装腔作势的举动：Hisconcernforthepoorison

14、lyapose.他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了.Paraphrase1Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.(Para.2)Meaning:WhenIamwelcomingyoutothisuniversity,somethingIrememberismyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotomymomtookofmydadandme.3Letmesharewithyousomething

15、thatyoumaynotexpect.Youwillmissyouroldroutinesandyourparentsreminderstoworkhardandattainyourbest.Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithdoingyourlaundry!Butknowthis:Thefutureisbuiltonastrongfoundationofthepast.让我来告诉你们一些你们

16、未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。Wordsandphrase1. routinenC,Ufixedandregularwayofdoingthings程序；公事；常规：Shefounditdifficulttoestablishanewroutineafterretirement.dosthasamatterofroutine按常规办事attrib作定语routinetasks,chores,duti

17、es,etc日常工作、日常事务、例行职责.Csetsequenceofmovementsinadanceorsomeotherperformance舞蹈等表演的成套动作：gothroughadanceroutine做一套舞蹈动作.routineadjusual;habitual;regular通常的；惯例的；例行的：theroutineprocedure例行手续*routinemaintenance定期的保养*routinelyadv.5学习指导参考资料2. attainvTnsucceedingetting(sth);achieveattainapositionofpower获得权位atta

18、inonesgoal,objective,ambition,etcattainourtargetof50000达至U我们的50000英镑的目标.attainableadjthatcanbeattainedTheseobjectivesarecertainlyattainable.attainmentnUsuccessinreaching达至U;至U达:Theattainmentofherambitionswasstilladream.她要实现抱负仍是种梦想.Cusuplthingattained,espskillorknowledge成就;造t旨：ascholarofthehighestatt

19、ainments造诣极高的学者.adjpred(notbeforenoun)nolongerdoing,dealingwith,orusingsth.(withsb/sth)(infml口)Iwontbefinishedforanotherhour.我还有一个小时才能完事.Areyoufinishedwithmytoolsyet我的工具你用完了吗Shedecidedshewasfinishedwithworkingforothers.她决定不再为别人做事.4.mayhavedonesth.:usedfortalkingaboutpastpossibilitiesShemighthavechan

20、gedhermindanddecidednottocome.5.foundationnUactoffounding(aninstitution,organization,etc)建立，仓立，创办:thefoundationoftheuniversityC(a)(organizationsetuptoprovide)sumsofmoneyforresearch,charity,etc(为研究、慈善事业等提供的)基金，基金会：Youmaybeabletogetsupportfromanartsfoundation.Cusupllayerofbricks,concrete,etcformingthe

21、solidbaseofabuildingunderground地基；房基；基础：laythefoundationsofabuilding给建筑物奠基6学习指导参考资料C,Uprinciple,ideaorfactonwhichsthisbased;basis(作为某事的)基本原则、思想或事实；基础：laythefoundationsofonescareer奠定个人事业的基础*Thatrumorhasnofoundation.那谣言没有事实根据.Grammar一、情态动词用于对现在内容推测的常见句型有：1、Can/maydosth:表示对现在内容的可能性的推测；2、Mustdosth:表示对现在

22、内容的肯定性的推测。二、情态动词用于对过去内容推荐的常见句型：1、can/mayhavedonesth:表示对过去内容的可能性；2、musthavedonesth:表示对过去内容的肯定性的推测。例：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadiswet.Hemayhavegotlost.MrGreenmusthavefailedtoreceivemyletter,otherwisehewouldhavereplied.Ibelievehemusthavehadanaccident,otherwisehewouldhavearrivedontime.Collocati

23、onnote:1. do是最常见的表示“做”的动词。.TodayIhavealotofworktodo.2. do常常和表示锻炼或劳动等方面的名词或动名词连用。.dophysicalexercise/thedishes/onescookingParaphrase1. Youwillmissyouroldroutinesandyourparentsreminderstoworkhardandattainyourbest.(Para.3)Meaning:Youwillmissyourusuallifepatternsandyourparentsremindingwordsthatyoushould

24、workhardandachievethebestyoucan.2. Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,7学习指导参考资料andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithdoingyourlaundry!(Para.3)Meaning:Perhapsyouweresohappythatyoucriedbecauseatlastyoufinishedhighschool,andperhapsyourparentsweresohappythatt

25、heycriedbecauseeventuallytheywouldnthavetodoyourlaundryanymore!Note:Payattentiontothehumorthepresidentcreatesbycontrastingthedifferentresponsesfromchildrenandtheirparentstheyallcried,butfordifferentreasons!knowthis:Thefutureisbuiltonastrongfoundationofthepast.(Para.3 )Meaning:Butyoushouldknowthatyou

26、rfuturecanonlybeattainedwhenitisbuiltonasolidpast.4 Foryou,thesenextfouryearswillbeatimeunlikeanyother.Hereyouaresurroundedbygreatresources:interestingstudentsfromalloverthecountry,alearnedandcaringfaculty,acomprehensivelibrary,greatsportsfacilities,andstudentorganizationscoveringeverypossibleintere

27、stfromtheartstoscience,tocommunityserviceandsoon.Youwillhavethefreedomtoexploreandlearnaboutnewsubjects.Youwilllearntogetbyonverylittlesleep,meetfascinatingpeople,andpursuenewpassions.Iwanttoencourageyoutomakethemostofthisuniqueexperience,andtouseyourenergyandenthusiasmtoreapthebenefitsofthisopportu

28、nity.对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团一一从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。Wordsandphrase1. unlikeadjpred作表语dissimilar;differentTheyaresounlikenobodywouldbeliev

29、etheyweresisters.prepdifferentfrom(sth);notlike与(某事物)不同；不像.：Herlatestnovelisquiteunlikeherearlierwork.2. resourcenCusuplsupplyofrawmaterials,etcwhichbringacountry,person,etcwealth资源：richinnatural,mineral,agricultural,etcresources自然的、矿产的、农业的.资源丰富(fml)ingenuityorquickwit;initiative才智;机敏;仓造精神：amanofgre

30、atresource足智多谋的男子.3. learned:a.(fml.)learnedpeoplehavealotofknowledgebecausetheyhavereadandstudiedalot有学问的；博学的MyadvisorisaverylearnedpersonandshecouldansweranyquestionIasked.4. caring:a.thinkingaboutwhatotherpeopleneedorwantandtryingtohelpthem关心他人的；乐于助人的Theschoolprovidesacaringenvironmentforstudents

31、学校为学生提供了充满关怀的环境。5. facultyCusuallypluralanaturalabilitytohear,see,think,move,etc:thefacultyofsight视力thementalfaculties智力Cof/fordoingsthaspecialabilitytodoaparticularthing做某事物的特殊才能：haveagreatfacultyforlearninglanguages有学习语言的才能.Shehasafacultyforinspiringconfidenceinpeople.9学习指导参考资料大学的全体教(AmE)allthete

32、achersofaparticularuniversityorcollege员.facultymembers容易学好或做好事物的能力 有（学习）语言的天才 他弹奏钢琴神乎其技.6. facilitynU,singabilitytolearnordothingseasilyhave(a)greatfacilityfor(learning)languagesHeplaysthepianowithsurprisingfacility.facilitiesplcircumstances,equipment,etcthatmakeitpossible,oreasier,todosth;aids能够或易於

33、做某事的环境、设备等；辅助物：sportsfacilities运动设施facilitiesforstudy有助学习的设施medicalfacilities7. communityn.singthepeoplelivinginoneplace,districtorcountry,consideredasawhole社区；团体；集体；社会：workforthegoodofthecommunity为集体禾益务communityservice社会服务工作n.groupofpeopleofthesamereligion,race,occupation,etc,orwithsharedinterests宗

34、教信仰、种族、职业等方面相同的人构成的集体：theChinesecommunityinParis在巴黎的华侨团体acommunityofmonks僧侣团体.8. getby(onsth)managetolive,survive,etc(usingthespecifiedresources);manage;cope(靠某物)勉强维生；设法维持；对付：HowdoesshegetbyonsuchasmallsalaryHegetsbyonverylittlemoney.9. on:prep.1) eatingordrinkingaparticulartypeoffoodordrinkinordert

35、ostayalive靠一生存Usingacaveasshelter,themansurvivedonwildberriesandrawfish.io学习指导参考资料个人以山洞为住所，靠吃野果和生鱼活了下来。2) usingaparticulartypeoffuelorelectricalpowerinordertooperate靠运行Whycantwemakeacarthatrunsonwater我们为什么不能制造出靠水力行驶的汽车呢10. fascinatingadjextremelyinteresting:Thebookoffersafascinatingglimpseofthelives

36、oftherichandfamous.11. pursuevTn(fml)follow(sb/sth),espinordertocatchorkill;chasepursueawildanimal,athief(continueto)beoccupiedorbusywith(sth);goonwith进行Shedecidedtopursueherstudiesafterobtainingherfirstdegree.Ihavedecidednottopursue(ieinvestigate)thematteranyfurther.12. reapvtocutandcollectacrop,es

37、peciallycorn,fromafieldSowthewindand,reapthewhirlwind(saying)播种的是风，收割的是暴风startsththatseemsfairlyharmlessandhavetosufferunforeseenconsequencesthatareseriousordisastrous原无大害的事,彼果去口不堪设想.(fig)receive(sth)asaresultofonesownorothersactions获得reaptherewardofyearsofstudy从多年研究中获得报偿Paraphrase1. Foryou,thesenex

38、tfouryearswillbeatimeunlikeanyother.(Para.4)Meaning:Foryou,thenextfouryearsinuniversitywillbedifferentfromanyotherperiodoftimeinyourlife.2. Hereyouaresurroundedbygreatresources:interestingstudentsfromalloverthecountry,alearnedandcaringfaculty,acomprehensivelibrary,greatsportsfacilities,andstudentorg

39、anizationscoveringeverypossibleinterestfromtheartstoscience,tocommunityserviceandsoon.(Para.11学习指导参考资料v1.0可编辑可修改4)Meaningbeyondwords:Herethepresidentisintroducingtostudentsthemanyresourcesavailableoncampus:interestingschoolmates,knowledgeableandhelpfulteachers,abiglibrary,greatsportsequipment,variou

40、sstudentorganizations,etc.Allthesewillhelpmakestudentscampuslifecolorfulandfulfilling.3. Youwillhavethefreedomtoexploreandlearnaboutnewsubjects.(Para.4)Meaning:Youwillhavethefreedomtoexamineandlearnaboutnewsubjects.4. Youwilllearntogetbyonverylittlesleep,meetfascinatingpeople,andpursuenewpassions.(P

41、ara.4)Meaning:Youwilllearntomanagewithverylittlesleep,meetveryinterestingpeople,andfindnewinterests.5. Iwanttoencourageyoutomakethemostofthisuniqueexperience,andtouseyourenergyandenthusiasmtoreapthebenefitsofthisopportunity.(Para.4)Meaning:Iwanttoencourageyoutodoallyoucantotakeadvantageofthisspecial

42、experience,andtouseyourenergyandpassiontobenefitfromthischance.5Youmayfeeloverwhelmedbythewealthofcoursesavailabletoyou.Youwillnotbeabletoexperiencethemall,butsamplethemwidely!Collegeoffersmanythingstodoandtolearn,andeachofthemoffersadifferentwaytoseetheworld.IfIcouldgiveyouonlyonepieceofadviceabout

43、selectingcourses,itwouldbethis:Challengeyourself!Dontassumethatyouknowinadvancewhatfieldswillinterestyouthemost.Takesomecoursesinfieldsyouvenevertriedbefore.Youwillnotonlyemergeasamorebroadlyeducatedperson,butyouwillalsostandabetterchanceofdiscoveringanunsuspectedpassionthatwillhelptoshapeyourfuture

44、Awonderfulexampleofthisisthefashiondesigner,VeraWang,whooriginallystudiedarthistory.Overtime,Wangpairedherstudiesinarthistorywithherloveoffashionandturneditintoapassionfordesign,whichmadeherafamousdesigneraroundtheworld.有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世界。

45、如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。overwhelmvTnusupassivecover(sth/sb)completelybyflowingoverorpouringdownonit/him(以浇或灌的方式)淹没Agreatmassofwatero

46、verwhelmedthevillage.大水淹没了村庄.(fig)beoverwhelmedwithgrief,sorrow,despair,etc陷入悲哀、悲痛、绝望等之中(fig)Overwhelmedwithgratitude感激万分(b)overpower(sb/sth),espbyforceofnumbers;defeat压倒,制(以数量胜)；击败：beoverwhelmedbytheenemyoverwhelmingadjattribtoogreattoresistorovercome;verygreat压倒一切的无法抗拒的；巨大的：anoverwhelmingurgetosmo

47、ke不可遏止的吸烟冲动anoverwhelmingvictory极大的胜禾theoverwhelmingmajorityofpeople压倒性多数.wealthnU(possessionofa)largeamountofmoney,property,etc;riches贝才富Wealthhadnotbroughtthemhappiness.singofsthlargeamountornumberofsth;abundanceofsth大量,众多，abookwithawealthofillustrations有大量插图的书awealthofopportunitywealthyadj(-ier,-iest)richwealthilyadv.availableadjnotusuallybeforenoun(ofthings)thatcanbeusedorobtainedYouwillbeinformedwhenthebookbecomesavailable.这本书有货时就通知你.Thereisnomoneyavailableforthisproject.(ofpeople)freetobeseen,talkedto,etcImavailableintheaftern