Net 装机维护 ClusteredDataONTAP82DataProtectionGuide.docx

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1、NetAppxClusteredDataONTAP8.2DataProtectionGuideNetApp, Inc.495 East Java Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 U.S.Part number: 215-07963_A0May 2013Telephone:+1(408)822-60Fax:+1(408)822-4501Supporttelephone:+1(888)463-8277Web:Feedback:doccommentsContentsIntroductiontodataprotection10Methodsofprotectingdata10Dat

2、abaseprotection11Whatadatalossdisasteris11Toolsforprotectingagainstdata-lossdisasters12DataprotectioninaSANenvironment13Typesofdataprotectionpolicies13Planningyourdataprotectionstrategy15WorkingwithSnapshotcopies15WhataSnapshotcopyis15HowSnapshotcopieswork15BackupandrecoverytasksyoucanperformwithSna

3、pshotcopies16GuidelinesforworkingwithSnapshotcopiesofInfiniteVolumes17HowstorageclassesafleetSnapshotcopiesofInfiniteVolumes18MaximumnumberofSnapshotcopies18UseraccesstoSnapshotcopies19CreationofSnapshotcopyschedules20DeletingSnapshotcopiesautomatically23ViewingsettingsfortheautomaticdeletionofSnaps

4、hotcopies24WhatSnapshotdiskconsumptionis24WhattheSnapshotcopyreserveis26Workingwithmirroringtechnology28Componentsofamirrorrelationship28DataprotectionmirrorrelationshipsforFlexVolvolumes29DataprotectionmirrorrelationshipsforanInfiniteVolume29Whenadestinationvolumegrowsautomatically30Pathnamepattern

5、matching30Languagesettingrequirement30Useraccesstodestinationvolumes31GuidelinesforcreatingrelationshipsbetweenclustersorVservers31Limitationsfordataprotectionmirrorrelationships33WorkingwithFlexVolvolumebackupvaults35WhataFlexVolvolumebackupvaultis35WhichdatagetsbackedupandrestoredfromaFlexVolvolum

6、evault36WhichdatadoesnotgetbackeduptoaFlexVolvolumevault36HowaFlexVolvolumebackupvaultworks37HowFIexVolvolumebackupvaultsworkwithdatacompression38FlexVoIvolumebackupvaultlimitations38DataprotectionforVservernamespaceandrootinformation38GuidelinesforplanningSnapshotcopyscheduleandretentionforbackupva

7、ults39Supporteddataprotectiondeploymentconfigurations40Whatabasicbackupdeploymentis42Whatsource-to-destination-to-tapebackupis42Howamirror-mirrorcascadeworks43Howamirror-vaultcascadeworks43Howavault-mirrorcascadeworks44Howamirror-vaultfanoutworks45Howamultiple-mirrorsfanoutworks46Protectingdatausing

8、Snapshotcopies48ManagingSnapshotcopies48CommandsformanagingSnapshotcopies48ManagingSnapshotpolicies49WhatthedefaultSnapshotpolicyforanInfiniteVolumeis49HowSnapshotpoliciesareassociatedwithvolumes49CommandsformanagingSnapshotpoliciesandschedules50StrategiesforcreatingaSnapshotcopypolicy51Namingconven

9、tionforscheduledSnapshotcopies51Whatprefixesare52UsingprefixestonameautomaticSnapshotcopies52RestoringfilesfromtheSnapshotcopyofaFlexVolvolume53RestoringasinglefilefromaSnapshotcopyofaFlexVolvolume53RestoringpartofafilefromaSnapshotcopyofaFlexVoIvolume54RestoringthecontentsofavolumefromaSnapshotcopy

10、54SnapshotrestorationusingShadowCopyClienttools55ManagingSnapshotcopydiskspace55MonitoringSnapshotcopydiskconsumption55ManagingdataprotectionusingSnapMirrorpolicies57Commandsformanagingmirrorandvaultpolicies57HowSnapMirrorpoliciesworkwithclustersandVservers57ComparisonofwhatclusteradministratorsandV

11、sc,cradministratorscanmanage58Guidelinesfornamingmirrorandvaultpolicies58Exampleofcreatingatieredbackuppolicy59Providingdisasterrecoveryusingmirroringtechnology61ManagingdataprotectionmirrorcopiesforFIexVolvolumes61CreatingadataprotectionmirrorcopyforFlexVolvolumes61Managingmirrorrelationships63Comm

12、andsformanagingSnapMirrorrelationships63UsingextendedqueriestooperateonmanySnapMirrorrelationships66Whattapeseedingis66PerformingtapeseedingusingSMTape67ScalabilitylimitsforSMTapcbackupandrestoresessions74Listingtheschedulestateofamirrorrelationship74SchedulingSnapMirrortransfers75Changingmirrorrela

13、tionshipschedules75Manuallyupdatingdataprotectionmirrorcopiesondestinationvolumes.76Deletingamirrorcopy77Reversingthedataprotectionmirrorrelationshipwhendisasteroccurs78ConvertingadataprotectionmirrordestinationtoaWriteabIevolume83Testingdatabaseapplications83ProtectingdataonFIexVoIvolumesbyusingbac

14、kupvaults85CreatingbackupvaultsonFlexVolvolumes85GuidelinesforcreatingvaultrelationshipsonFlexVolvolumes85Backupvaultupdatesfailifdestinationaggregateisfull87Prepopulatedbackupvaultdestinationscenarios87CreatingabackupvaultinanemptyFlexVolvolume88Creatingthebackupvaultrelationshipofamirror-vaultcasc

15、ade91PreservingaSnapshotcopyontheprimarysourcevolume92CreatingabackupvaultinaprepopulatedFlexVolvolume93Creatingadestinationbaselineusingatapebackup95Convertingadataprotectiondestinationtoabackupvaultdestination96Managingbackupandrestoreoperationsforbackupvaults97BackingupfromaSnapshotcopythatisolde

16、rthanthebaseSnapshotcopy97BackingupFlexVolvolumesthatcontainthemaximumlimitofSnapshotcopies100Managingthebackupofacopiedsourcevolume100Guidelinesforrestoringtheactivefilesystem101GuidelinesforrestoringLUNsinSANenvironments101Howarestoreoperationfromabackupvaultworks102Restoringavolumefromabackupvaul

17、t102Managingavault-mirrorcascadewhenthebackupvaultisunavailable.103Managingstorageefficiencyforvaultdestinations106Guidelinesformanagingstorageefficiencyforbackupvaults107Enablingstorageefficiencyonavaultdestinationvolume108ProvidingdisasterrecoveryonInfiniteVolumesusingmirroringtechnology109Aggrega

18、terequirementsforInfiniteVolumesinadataprotectionmirrorrelationship109ConstituentsizerequirementsforsettingupdataprotectionmirrorrelationshipsforInfiniteVolumes110CreatingadataprotectionmirrorcopyforanInfiniteVolumewithdedicatedaggregates110IdentifyingthesizeofasourceInfiniteVolumeandaggregatedetail

19、s111Creatingdedicatedaggregatesforadestinationcluster(clusteradministratorsonly)113CreatingaVserverwithInfiniteVolumeinadestinationcluster(clusteradministratorsonly)114AssigningaggregatesforallVserversinacluster(clusteradministratorsonly)115CreatingclusterandVse,erpeerrelationships(clusteradministra

20、torsonly)116CreatingadestinationInfiniteVolume116Creatingandinitializingadataprotectionmirrorrelationship117CreatingadataprotectionmirrorcopyforanInfiniteVolumewithsharedaggregates120IdentifyingthesizeofasourceInfiniteVolumeandconstituentdetails.121Verifyingaggregatespaceinadestinationcluster(cluste

21、radministratorsonly)122CreatingaVservcrwithInfiniteVolumeinadestinationcluster(clusteradministratorsonly)124CreatingclusterandVsen,erpeerrelationships(clusteradministratorsonly)125CreatingadestinationInfiniteVolume126Creatingandinitializingadataprotectionmirrorrelationship126ViewinginformationaboutI

22、nfiniteVolumes129WheninformationisavailableaboutadestinationInfiniteVolume129ViewingconstituentsinanInfiniteVolume130ManagingmirrorrelationshipsforInfiniteVolumes131CommandsformanagingSnapMirrorrelationships131HowcommandsarerunonInfiniteVolumes134ManagingdisasterrecoveryforInfiniteVolumes135Howthesn

23、apmirrorresynccommandworksforInfiniteVolumesandconstituents135RetrievingdatafromInfiniteVolumesduringdisasterrecovery135CreatinganamespacemirrorconstituentonadestinationInfiniteVolume138Recoveringindividualfailedconstituents139ExpandingInfiniteVolumesindataprotectionmirrorrelationships140Addingdisks

24、tosourceanddestinationInfiniteVolumes(clusteradministratorsonly)140AddingdedicatedaggregatestothesourceanddestinationInfiniteVolumes(clusteradministratorsonly)141AddingsharedaggregatestothesourceanddestinationInfiniteVolumes(clusteradministratorsonly)142IncreasingthesizeofsourceanddestinationInfinit

25、eVolumes143RcenablingSnapDiffafterexpandingadestinationInfiniteVolumeontonewnodes145HownamespacemirrorconstituentsaffectsourceanddestinationInfiniteVolumes146Whatanamespacemirrorconstituentis146Whennamespacemirrorconstituentsarecreated146HowmodifyinganInfiniteVolumeaffectsnamespacemirrorconstituents

26、147HownamespacemirrorconstituentsaffectthestateofanInfiniteVolume148HowDataONTAPcalculatestheInfiniteVolumesizebeforethetransferofamirrorcopy149HowDataONTAPselectsaggregatesfordataprotectionofInfiniteVolumes.150WhenDataONTAPselectsaggregatesfordestinationInfiniteVolumes.150HowDataONTAPautomaticallys

27、electsaggregatesfordestinationInfiniteVolumes151ExamplesofautomaticaggregateselectionfordestinationInfiniteVolumes155Howdataprotectionmirrorupdatesaffectaggregateselection157ErrormessagesandsolutionsforfailedaggregateselectionfordestinationInfiniteVolumes157InsufficientspaceondestinationforSnapMirro

28、rsourceInfiniteVolumenamespaceconstituent158Sizeexceedsmaximum(namespaceconstituent)158InsufficientspaceforthefollowingsourcedataconstituentsondestinationVserver159InsufficientspaceonSnapMirrordestinationforsourceInfiniteVolumedataconstituents159Sizeexceedsmaximum(dataconstituents)159Providingdisast

29、errecoveryonInfiniteVolumeswithstorageclassesusingmirroringtechnology161Whatastorageclassis161HowstorageclassesaffectdataprotectionmirrorrelationshipsforInfiniteVolumes161HowstorageclassesaffectwhichaggregatescanbeassociatedwithInfiniteVolumes162TasksandtoolsformanagingdataprotectionmirrorcopiesforI

30、nfiniteVolumeswithstorageclasses162CreatingadataprotectionmirrorcopyforanInfiniteVolumewithstorageclasses163ExportingadatapolicytoadestinationVserverwithInfiniteVolume164RetrievingdatafromInfiniteVolumeswithstorageclassesduringdisasterrecovery164IncreasingthesizeofsourceanddestinationInfiniteVolumes

31、withstorageclasses165ProcessesusedtoselectaggregatesfordestinationInfiniteVolumeswithandwithoutstorageclasses165Copyrightinformation166Trademarkinformation167Howtosendyourcomments168Index169IntrOdUCtiOntodataPrOteCtiOnDataprotectionmeansbackingupdataandbeingabletorecoverit.Youprotectthedatabymakingc

32、opiesofitsothatitisavailableforrestorationeveniftheoriginalisnolongeravailable.Businessesneeddatabackupandprotectionforthefollowingreasons:,Toprotectdatafromaccidentallydeletedfiles,applicationcrashes,datacorruption,andviruses,ToarchivedataforfutureuseTorecoverfromadisasterMethodsofprotectingdataDep

33、endingonyourdataprotectionandbackupneeds,DataONTAPoffersavarietyoffeaturesandmethodsthatenableyoutoprotectdataagainstaccidental,malicious,ordisaster-inducedlossofdata.SnapshotEnableyoutomanuallyorautomaticallycreate,schedule,andmaintainmultiplecopiesbackups(alsocalledSnapshotcopies)ofdataonavolume.S

34、napshotcopiesuseonlyaminimalamountofadditionalvolumespace,anddonothaveaperformancecost.IfauseraccidentallymodifiesordeletescrucialdataonavolumewithSnapshottechnologyenabled,thatdatacanbeeasilyandquicklyrestoredfromoneofthelatestSnapshotcopiescreated.YoucanalsocreateclonesofFlexVolvolumesusingSnapsho

35、tcopies.ThismethodisvalidforFlexVolvolumesandInfiniteVolumes.SnapRestore (license required)Data protection mirror copies (SnapMirror license required)Enablesyoutoperformfast,space-efficient,on-requestSnapshotrecoveryfromSnapshotcopiesonanentirevolume.ThismethodisvalidforFlexVolvolumesandInfiniteVolu

36、mes.Provideasynchronousdisasterrecovery.DataprotectionmirrorrelationshipsenableyoutoperiodicallycreateSnapshotcopiesofdataononevolume;copythoseSnapshotcopiestoapartnervolume(thedestinationvolume),usuallyonanothercluster;andretainthoseSnapshotcopies.Themirrorcopyonthedestinationvolumeensuresquickavai

37、labilityandrestorationofdatafromthetimeofthelatestSnapshotcopy,ifthedataonthesourcevolumeiscorruptedorlost.Ifyouconducttapebackupandarchivaloperations,youcanperformthemonthedatathatisalreadybackeduponthedestinationvolume.ThismethodisvalidforFlexVolvolumesandInfiniteVolumes.Backupvaults(SnapVauItlice

38、nserequired)Providestorage-efficientandlong-termretentionofbackups.BackupvaultrelationshipsenableyoutobackupselectedSnapshotcopiesofvolumestoadestinationvolumeandretainthebackups.Ifyouconducttapebackupandarchivaloperations,youcanperformthemonthedatathatisalreadybackeduponthedestinationvaultvolume.Th

39、ismethodisvalidonlyforFlexVolvolumes.volumecopyEnablesyoutoperformfastblock-copyofdatafromonevolumetoanother.ThismethodisvalidonlyforFlexVoIvolumes.nvfailOptiontthevolumemodifycommandProvidesprotectionagainstdatacorruptionbyfailuresofnonvolatileRAM(NVRAM).ThismethodisvalidforFlexVolvolumesandInfinit

40、eVolumes.DatabaseprotectionIfNVRAMproblemsoccurthatcompromisedatabasevalidity,DataONTAPcanwarnyouandautomaticallyrenamethedatabasesothatitdoesnotrestartautomatically.Youcanthenensurethatthedatabaseisvalidbeforerestartingit.DataONTAPprovidesdatabaseprotectionusingthenvfailoptionofthevolumecreateorvol

41、umemodifycommand.ForvaultrelationshipsinSANenvironments,thenvfailattributeoftheLUNonavaultdestinationisalwaysoffForInfiniteVolumes,itisrecommendedtoleavethenvfailoptiondisabled.Note:Youcanusethisfeatureonlywhentherearedatabasesonthestoragesystem.WhatadatalossdisasterisAdatalossdisasterisasituationin

42、whichservicefromonephysicalsite(forexample,abuildingoracorporatecampus)onthenetworkislostforanextendedperiodoftime.Thefollowingareexamplesofdisasters:FireEarthquakeProlongedpoweroutagesatasiteProlongedlossofconnectivityfromclientstothestoragesystematasiteWhenadisasteroccurs,itcanaffectallthecomputin

43、ginfrastructureincludingstoragesystems,applicationservers,networkingconnectivity,andclientconnectivity.Whenyoucreateadisasterplan,youshouldtakeyourcomputinginfrastructureintoconsideration.Toolsforprotectingagainstdata-lossdisastersDataONTAPprovidestoolsthatenableyoutobackuporreplicatedatastoredatapr

44、imarydatastoragesitetoanoff-sitenetworklocation.Thisensuresthatyoucanrestoredataifdatalossiscausedbydisasterataprimarydatastoragesite.BackupvaultforFIexVoIvolumesSnapVaultisaSnapshotcopybackupandrestorabilitytoolonFlexVolvolumes.Youcanlocateabackupvaultdestinationonthesameclusteroronadifferentcluste

45、r.DatarecoverabilityIfadata-lossdisasteroccursatasourcevolume,youcanrestoredatathatisbackeduptoabackupvaultdestinationvolume.Youcanrestorethedatatothesourcevolumeafteritisrunningagain,oryoucanrestoredatatoanalternatevolume.CurrencyofrestoreYoUcanrestoredatafromanySnapshotcopythatwasreplicatedtotheda

46、tadestinationsystem.AdvantageAbackupvaultprovidesinexpensivebackupsolution.DataprotectionmirrorcopyAdataprotectionmirrorcopyisaSnapshotcopyreplication,availability,andrestorabilitytool.Youcanlocateadataprotectionmirrordestinationonthesameclusteroronadifferentcluster.Data availabilityData recoverabil

47、ityCurrency of restore dataAdvantageIfasourcesiteexperiencesadata-lossdisaster,youcanquicklymakeavailabledataatthedataprotectionmirrorcopydestinationsite.Ifadata-lossdisasteroccursatasourcestoragesite,youcanrestoredatafromadataprotectionmirrorcopydestinationvolume.Youcanrestorethedatatothesourcevolumeafteritisrunningagain,oryoucanrestoredatatoanalternatevolume.YoucanrestoredatafromthelastSnapshotcopythatwa