泛读教程2Unit4work.ppt

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1、Unit 4Why People Work?Warm-up QuestionsWarm-up Questions1.What job do you want to do after graduation?2.How do you define“a good job”?What are the things you will consider in choosing a career?3.Why do we need to work?Is MONEY the NUMBER ONE reason for working!?Whats your opinion?文库专用4The authors op

2、inion on work Go over the first five paragraphs of the text and find the topic sentence of each paragraph.文库专用5A.Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.B.Work is more than a necessity for most human beings;it is the focus of their lives,the source of

3、their identity and creativity.文库专用6C.Rather than a punishment or a burden,work is the opportunity to realize ones potential.D.For large numbers of people,the absence of work is harmful to their health.E.Why should work be such a significant source of human satisfaction?Jobs and work do much more tha

4、n most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.And work is more than a necessity for most human beings;it is the focus of their lives,the source of their identity and creativity。Now lets see how some epals view this issue No money，no honey!But if you only work for money,it would be quite

5、boring.For me work is something I must do to get accepted by the society.I am always awarded by accomplishment which really worth the effort.I think the most important thing is that do you live for work or work for life.I think everyone should work for himself or for anyone he loves.The human must g

6、ives the best that he has to help his family or his friend and make him happy.Yeah,live in this society is very tired and hard.Sometimes,I dont want to work and find a secluded places to live until die.But thats unrealistic,we have parents and they need us to look after in their old age.So life must

7、 continue and work need continue too.I think one purpose for people to make money,another purpose is to join the society to communicate with people.Sometimes money decides the kind of job.If we work not for money we can do many things we want to do.But for money we have to do the job we dont like.So

8、 one of my dream is to do what I want to do someday.Surely work gives us other things as well as money let us use our special abilities,skills and knowledge and makes us feel that were doing something usefulallows us to meet a lot of people and provides opportunities to make friendslets us experienc

9、e new things and lets us be creativeallows us to be responsible and contribute to the communityI do not like work-no man does-but I like what is in the work-the chance to find yourself.(Conrad Joseph,British novelist)我不喜我不喜欢欢工作工作没没有人有人会会喜喜欢欢工作。但是我喜工作。但是我喜欢欢在在所所从从事的工作中事的工作中找到找到发现发现自己的机自己的机会会。(英英国国小小说

10、说家家 约约瑟夫瑟夫.C.)It is no use doing what you like;you have got to like what you do.(Winston Churchill,British prime minister)不能不能爱爱哪哪行才干行才干哪哪行，要干行，要干哪哪行行爱爱哪哪行。行。(英英国国首相首相 丘丘吉尔吉尔.W.)To youth I have three words of counsel-work,work and work.(Otto Btismarck,Greman statesman)对对于于青青年，我的忠告只有三年，我的忠告只有三个个词词工作，

11、工作，工作。工作，工作，工作。(德德国国政治家政治家 俾斯俾斯麦麦.O.)My philosophy of life is work.我的人生哲我的人生哲学学就是工作。就是工作。(美美国国发发明明家家 爱爱迪生迪生.T.A.)My philosophy of life is work.Thomas Alva Edison,American我的人生哲学就是工作。我的人生哲学就是工作。美美国国发发明家明家 T A爱爱迪生迪生He that will not work shall not eat.不工作者不得食。不工作者不得食。Proverbs and QuotationsProverbs and

12、QuotationsFive needs by Abraham MaslowAbraham MaslowAbraham Maslow,an American _,believed that human _can be understood as a result of a hierarchy of needs:the most basic physiological needs,safety needs,_needs,esteem needs and self-actualization needs.When the lower-level needs are met,the motivati

13、on to meet the _needs becomes active.Furthermore,as an _progress upward,it becomes more difficult to successfully _the needs of each higher level.For this reason Maslow believed that very few people actually reach the level of self-actualization,and it is a _process for the few who do.psychologistps

14、ychologistmotivationmotivationbelongingbelonginghigher-levelhigher-levelindividualindividualfulfillfulfilllifelonglifelongvUnit5isanargumentationtext.Itisastudyoftheimpactofworkonpeoplespsychologicalwell-being.vTheauthorarguesthatworkprovidesnotonlythematerialthingsoflifebutalsotheprideandsatisfacti

15、onthataresoimportanttopeoplespsychologicalbalanceandhealth.Introductory Remarks Skimming and ScanningvDirections:You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions.vFor questions 1-8,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).(see the textbook on

16、 page 9 Comprehension of the Text)vFor questions 9-11,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.v9)The sense of belonging to an accomplished work group is _ of work.v10)The work group also gently pressures its members to learn _so that the“rough edges”are worked off.v11)Workin

17、g for a company that is thought of as being one of the best in the community can _.v1.bv2.av3.dv4.cv5.av6.bv7.cv8.dv9)The sense of belonging to an accomplished work group is _ of work.v10)The work group also gently pressures its members to learn _so that the“rough edges”are worked off.v11)Working fo

18、r a company that is thought of as being one of the best in the community can _.one of the distinctive satisfactions of the worldhow to adjust to anotherprovide employees with both status and self-confidence1.contentment n.满足，高兴满足，高兴vdiscontentment n.不满，不平不满，不平vcontent a.满足的，满意的满足的，满意的 v.使满意使满意e.g.be

19、 content to do sth.:愿意做某事愿意做某事 be content with:对对 满足满足 content sb.:使某人满意使某人满意 vI.Word Study and Word Building vassociate v.联想；把。和。联系起联想；把。和。联系起来来vassociate with 与。联系与。联系vbe associateed with vhistorical a.历史的，基于史实的历史的，基于史实的 historical data史料史料 historical development 历史发展历史发展vhistoric a.有历史意义的，历史上著名的有

20、历史意义的，历史上著名的 historic site 古迹；历史遗迹；历史地段古迹；历史遗迹；历史地段 historic city 历史名城历史名城 historian n.历史学家历史学家vsin n.罪恶罪恶 v.犯罪犯罪vsin crime guiltvsin指违反道德原则或宗教戒律的罪指违反道德原则或宗教戒律的罪vcrime指严重的违反行为或不法活动指严重的违反行为或不法活动vguilt指有证据证实犯罪，有罪指有证据证实犯罪，有罪plaint n.抱怨抱怨e.g.Tplainv.vcomplain(tosb.)about/ofsth.vcomplain+that-clause4.con

21、tribution n.贡献，捐献；捐献物贡献，捐献；捐献物vcontributeto:有助于，促成有助于，促成ve.g.Theclosecoordinationbetweenthetwopartners_(对公司的对公司的成功有很大的帮助）成功有很大的帮助）.contributes greatly to the success contributes greatly to the success of the companyof the company5.necessity n.必需品；必要性必需品；必要性e.g.Thenecessitiesoflifeincludefood,shelter

22、andclothing.vThere is the necessity thatwe(should)set offbefore5oclock.(表语从句和同位语从句表语从句和同位语从句)vnecessarya.vnecessarilyadv.必然地，一定必然地，一定vnecissitatevt.使被需要使被需要vfocus n.焦点焦点 v.聚焦聚焦vfocus on 集中集中vin focus 焦点对准，清晰焦点对准，清晰vout of focus 焦点没对准，模糊焦点没对准，模糊vbring。into focus 把焦点对准把焦点对准vcome into focus 进入焦点，显著进入焦点

23、显著vrenewvrenewable a.vrenewal n.vexert v.尽力尽力vexert all ones strengthvexert every effort vexert pressure on sb.对某人施加压力对某人施加压力8.unemployment n.失业失业e.g.Closure of the factory will mean unemployment for 1200 workers.vemploy v.employer n.employee n.employment n.就业，工作，职业就业，工作，职业vsignificant a.重要的重要的vsin

24、ificance n.重要性重要性vbe of great significance vbe of no significance 无关紧要无关紧要10.accomplished a.有才艺的；有造诣的有才艺的；有造诣的vaccomplish v.完成，达到，实现完成，达到，实现vaccomplishment n.ve.g.It is high praise to be spoken of as a person of accomplishments.vattribute v.把。归因于把。归因于vattributable a.可归因于可归因于vbe attributable to vHis

25、success is attributable to his diligence.他的成功归功于勤奋。他的成功归功于勤奋。v vcapacity n.能力；能力；容量容量vcapacity,skill,talent,capabilityvcapacity指容纳和吸收方面的接受力指容纳和吸收方面的接受力vskill 指人做事的本领或具有的技能等指人做事的本领或具有的技能等vtalent 指先天所赋的才智或后天所得的办事能指先天所赋的才智或后天所得的办事能力力vcapability 指在智力或体力方面的才能或本指在智力或体力方面的才能或本领。领。vpersist v.坚持坚持vpersistenc

26、e n.vpersistent a.vpersist in vinsist onvaspectvto consider in all its aspects 全面地全面地考虑考虑12.reflect vt.反射；反映反射；反映ve.g.White clothes are cooler because they reflect the heat.v Look at the trees reflected in the dark.vreflect on:仔细考虑仔细考虑vreflection n.考题考题1：vAs you have seen,the value of a nations curr

27、ency is a _ of its economy.va.response b.revelation vc.reaction vd.reflectionvAnswer:d.由由此此可可见见，一一个个国国家家货货币币的的价价值值反反映映了这个国家的经济。了这个国家的经济。vresponse n.回答，响应，反应；回答，响应，反应；revelation n.显显示，揭露；示，揭露；vreaction n.反应，反作用反应，反作用 考题考题2：vMany novels that attempt to mirror the world are really _ of the reality that

28、 they represent.va.reflections vb.demonstrations vc.illuminations d.reproductionsvAnswer:a.很很多多试试图图反反映映现现实实的的小小说说是是它它们们所所代代表的现实的写照。表的现实的写照。vdemonstration n.示范，实证；示范，实证；illumination n.照明照明,照亮照亮,阐明；启发；阐明；启发；reproduction n.繁殖；繁殖；再生产；再现再生产；再现 13.psychological a.心理的心理的vpsych(o)-:of the mind 精神的；心理的精神的；心理

29、的vPsychologyn.vPsychologistn.14.interact vi.相互作用相互作用vinter-:between,from one to another 在在之间；从一个到另一个之间；从一个到另一个vII.Language points and text analysis Do you view work as a burden or an opportunity?Are you the kind of person who looks for ways to save your energy or the kind that finds spending your en

30、ergy satisfying?Why do people like to complain about work?Find the answers in the following essay.Why People Work Leonard R.SaylesJobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.Were all used to thinking that work provides the material things of life the goods

31、 and services that make possible our modern civilization.But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more intangible,but more crucial,psychological well-being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.Historically,work has been associated with slavery

32、and sin and punishment.And in our own day we are used to hearing the traditional complaints:“I cant wait for my vacation,”“I wish I could stay home today,”“My boss treats me poorly,”“Ive got too much work to do and not enough time to do it.”Against this background,it may well come as a surprise to l

33、earn that not only psychologists but other behavioral scientists have come to accept the positive contribution of work to the individuals happiness and sense of personal achievement.Work is more than a necessity for most human beings;it is the focus of their lives,the source of their identity and cr

34、eativity.Historically,work has been associated with slavery and sin and punishment.And in our own day we are used to hearing the traditional complaints:“I cant wait for my vacation,”“I wish I could stay home today,”“My boss treats me poorly,”“Ive got too much work to do and not enough time to do it.

35、Against this background,it may well come as a surprise to learn that not only psychologists but other behavioral scientists have come to accept the positive contribution of work to the individuals happiness and sense of personal achievement.Work is more than a necessity for most human beings;it is

36、the focus of their lives,the source of their identity and creativity.Article_S_11.What does“may well”mean?It means“be probable to”or“have enough reasons to”.2.How do you understand this sentence?Because of all this,it is most probable that you will feel surprised to know Historically,work has been a

37、ssociated with slavery and sin and punishment.And in our own day we are used to hearing the traditional complaints:“I cant wait for my vacation,”“I wish I could stay home today,”“My boss treats me poorly,”“Ive got too much work to do and not enough time to do it.”Against this background,it may well

38、come as a surprise to learn that not only psychologists but other behavioral scientists have come to accept the positive contribution of work to the individuals happiness and sense of personal achievement.Work is more than a necessity for most human beings;it is the focus of their lives,the source o

39、f their identity and creativity.Article_S_21.What does the sentence mean?For most people work is more important than just a means of earning money;it is the center of interest of their lives.In work they realize their own worth and see what great things they can create.2.Translate the sentence into

40、Chinese.对对大大多多数数人人来来说说，工工作作不不仅仅仅仅是是一一种种必必需需，它它还还是是人人们们生生活活的的焦焦点点，是是他他们们的的个个性性和和创创造性的源泉。造性的源泉。And the reverse is true,too.For large numbers of people,the absence of work is harmful to their health.Retirement often brings many problems surrounding the“What do I do with myself?”question,even though the

41、re may be no financial cares.Large numbers of people regularly get headaches and other illnesses on weekends when they dont have their jobs to go to,and must fend for themselves.It has been observed that unemployment,quite aside from exerting financial pressures,brings enormous psychological trouble

42、s and that many individuals deteriorate rapidly when jobless.But why?Why should work be such a significant source of human satisfaction?A good share of the answer rests in the kind of pride that is stimulated by the job,by the activity of accomplishing.But why?Why should work be such a significant s

43、ource of human satisfaction?A good share of the answer rests in the kind of pride that is stimulated by the job,by the activity of accomplishing.And the reverse is true,too.For large numbers of people,the absence of work is harmful to their health.Retirement often brings many problems surrounding th

44、e“What do I do with myself?”question,even though there may be no financial cares.Large numbers of people regularly get headaches and other illnesses on weekends when they dont have their jobs to go to,and must fend for themselves.It has been observed that unemployment,quite aside from exerting finan

45、cial pressures,brings enormous psychological troubles and that many individuals deteriorate rapidly when jobless.Article_S_41.How do you understand this part?quite apart from causing financial difficulties 2.What is the function of the word“quite”?The adverb“quite”is used to emphasize the point that

46、 there are other serious problems apart from the obvious one of loss of income.Pride in AccomplishmentThe human being longs for a sense of being accomplished,of being able to do things,with his hand,with his mind,with his will.Each of us wants to feel he or she has the ability to do something that i

47、s meaningful and that serves as a tribute to our inherent abilities.It is easiest to see this in the craftsman who lovingly shapes some cheap material into an object that may be either useful or beautiful or both.You can see the carpenter or bricklayer stand aside and admire the product of his perso

48、nal skill.But even where there is no obvious end product that is solely attributable to one persons skill,researchers have found that employees find pride in accomplishment.Our own research in hospitals suggests that even the housekeeping and laundry staffs take pride in the fact that in their own w

49、ays they are helping to cure sick people and thus accomplishing a good deal.Were often misled by the complaints surrounding difficult work;deep down most people regard their own capacity to conquer the tough job as the mark of their own unique personality.Complaining is just part of working.After al

50、l,how else do you know who you are,except as you can demonstrate the ability of your mind to control your limbs and hands and words?You are,in significant measure,what you can do.Some are deceived into thinking that people like to store up energy,to rest and save themselves as much as possible.Just