EN ISO 294614 2025.docx

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1、ENISO29461-4April2025EUROPEANSTANDARDNORMEEUROPEENNEEuropaischenormICS29.160.99EnglishVersionAirintakefiltersystemsforrotarymachinery-Part4:Testmethodsforstaticfiltersystemsincoastalandoffshoreenvironments(ISO29461-4:2025)Systemesdefiltrationdaird,admissionpourmachinestournantes-Partie4:Methodesdess

2、aidessystemesdefiltrationStatiqueenmilieucotieretoffshore(ISO29461-4:2025)AnsaugfiltersystemevonRotationsmaschinen-Priifverfahren-Teil4:PriifverfahrenfiirStatischeFiltersystemeinMeeres-undOffshore-Umgebungen(ISO29461-4:2025)ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon28March2025.CENmembersareboundtocomply

3、withtheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEuropeanStandardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Up-to-datelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcerningsuchnationalstandardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCEN-CENELECManagementCentreortoanyCENmember.ThisEurop

4、eanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).AversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytranslationundertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCEN-CENELECManagementCentrehasthesamestatusastheofficialversions.CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Bul

5、garia,Croatia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,RepublicofNorthMacedonia,Romania,Serbia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,TiirkiyeandUnitedKingdom.富EUROPEANCOM

6、MITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATIONCOMITEEUROPEENDENORMALISATIONEuropaischeskomiteefurnormungCEN-CENELECManagementCentre:RuedelaScience23,B-1040Brussels2025CENAllrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreservedRef.No.ENISO29461-4:2025EworldwideforCENnationalMembers.EuropeanforewordThisdocument(ENISO29461-4:2

7、025)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC142CleaningequipmentforairandothergasesincollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC195CleaningequipmentforairandothergasesthesecretariatofwhichisheldbyUNLThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextorbye

8、ndorsement,atthelatestbyOctober2025,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyOctober2025.Attentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisdocumentmaybethesubjectofpatentrights.CENshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.Anyfeedbackandquestionsonthi

9、sdocumentshouldbedirectedtotheusersnationalstandardsbody/nationalcommittee.AcompletelistingofthesebodiescanbefoundontheCENwebsite.AccordingtotheCEN-CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Bulgaria,Croa

10、tia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,RepublicofNorthMacedonia,Romania,Serbia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,TiirkiyeandtheUnitedKingdom.EndorsementnoticeTh

11、etextofISO29461-4:2025hasbeenapprovedbyCENasENISO29461-4:2025withoutanymodification.ContentsPageForewordvIntroductionvi1 Scope12 Normativereferences13 Termsanddefinitions13.1 Airflows23.2 Efficiencies24 Symbolsandabbreviatedterms25 Principle36 Testrigandequipment36.1 Testrig36.2 Testduct46.2.1 Testr

12、iglayout46.2.2 Testairconditioning56.2.3 Measurementoftheairflowrate56.2.4 Measurementofpressuredrop56.2.5 Solidsaltaerosolmixingsection56.2.6 Measurementoftemperatureandrelativehumidity56.3 Measurementequipment56.3.1 Testriginstrumentation56.3.2 Sodiumflamephotometer66.4 Solidsaltaerosolsampling76.

13、4.1 Sampleprobes76.4.2 Samplingairflow.76.5 Solidsaltaerosolgeneration76.5.1 Saltgeneration76.5.2 Aerosolinjection76.6 Waterspraydevice76.7 Watercollectiondevice.77 Qualificationoftestrigandapparatus87.1 Pressuresystemtesting87.2 Solidsaltaerosoluniformity87.2.1 Aerosoluniformityparameters87.2.2 Aer

14、osoluniformityprotocol87.2.3 Aerosoluniformityresults87.2.4 Waterdropletsizedistributions97.2.5 Waterfogsedimentationcheck97.2.6 Scheduleofqualification.98 Testconditions98.1 Testair98.2 Testwater109 Testmethod109.1 Stopcriteria109.2 Adjustmentofthetestairflowrate109.3 Preparatorychecks109.3.1 Opera

15、tionalreadinessofthemeasuringinstruments109.3.2 Zerolevelcheckmeasurementofthesodiumflamephotometer(SFP)109.3.3 Absolutepressure,temperatureandrelativehumidityofthetestair109.3.4 Startingupthesaltgenerator119.3.5 Installationofthetestfilter119.3.6 Flushingthetestfilter119.4 Measurements119.4.1 Measu

16、rementofpressuredrop119.4.2 Measurementofthesaltremovalefficiency119.4.3 Measurementofthewaterremovalefficiency129.4.4 Cumulativesaltloading129.4.5 Cumulativesaltpenetration1310 Testprocedure1310.1 Preparationoftestrig(notestobjectinstalled)1310.2 Cleaningoftestrig1310.3 Primaryweighingofthetestobje

17、ct1310.4 Installationofthetestobject1410.5 Primarywaterdelugechallenge1410.6 Saltloading1410.7 Waterdelugechallenge1410.8 Relativehumiditycycles1510.9 Endoftest1510.10 Secondaryweighingofthetestobject1511 Reportingresults1611.1 General1611.2 Observations1611.3 Reporttemplate18AnnexA(informative)Ultr

18、afinedrysolidsaltgenerator21Bibliography28ForewordISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISOmemberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnicalcommittees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichat

19、echnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,inliaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization.Thepro

20、ceduresusedtodevelopthisdocumentandthoseintendedforitsfurthermaintenancearedescribedintheISO/IECDirectives,Part1.Inparticular,thedifferentapprovalcriterianeededforthedifferenttypesofISOdocumentshouldbenoted.ThisdocumentwasdraftedinaccordancewiththeeditorialrulesoftheISO/IECDirectives,Part2(seeWWW.is

21、o.org/directives).ISOdrawsattentiontothepossibilitythattheimplementationofthisdocumentmayinvolvetheuseof（八）patent(三).ISOtakesnopositionconcerningtheevidence,validityorapplicabilityofanyclaimedpatentrightsinrespectthereof.Asofthedateofpublicationofthisdocument,ISOhadnotreceivednoticeof（八）patent(三)whi

22、chmayberequiredtoimplementthisdocument.HoweverlImplementersarecautionedthatthismaynotrepresentthelatestinformation,whichmaybeobtainedfromthepatentdatabaseavailableatWWW.iso.org/patents.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.Anytradenameusedinthisdocumentisinformationgiven

23、fortheconvenienceofusersanddoesnotconstituteanendorsement.Foranexplanationofthevoluntarynatureofstandards,themeaningofISOspecifictermsandexpressionsrelatedtoconformityassessment,aswellasinformationaboutISOsadherencetotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)principlesintheTechnicalBarrierstoTrade(TBT),seeWWW.i

24、so.org/iso/foreword.htmLThisdocumentwaspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC142Cleaningequipmentforairandothergases,incollaborationwiththeEuropeanCommitteeforStandardization(CEN)TechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC195,Cleaningequipmentforairandothergases,inaccordancewiththeAgreementontechnicalcooperationbetweenISO

25、andCEN(ViennaAgreement).AlistofallpartsintheISO29461seriescanbefoundontheISOwebsite.Anyfeedbackorquestionsonthisdocumentshouldbedirectedtotheusersnationalstandardsbody.Acompletelistingofthesebodiescanbefoundatwww.iso.orH/members.htmLIntroductionTheuseofgasturbinesintheoilandgasindustryrepresentsoneo

26、fthemostchallengingapplicationsforthisenginetechnology.Themajorconstraintoftheoilandgasindustryistorun24/7atfullloadwithminimumdowntime.Inoilandgasactivity,theinstallationmustberunascloseaspossibleto100%ofthetimewiththehighestlevelofefficiency(currentproductioncomparedtonominalproduction).Anaddition

27、alchallengeforoilandgasapplicationsliesintheabsenceofaback-upturbineonsite,especiallyformechanical-drivegasturbineconfigurations.Thecoastalandoffshoreenvironmentprobablyrepresentstheharshestconditionsforgasturbines.Humidity,rainfallandseasonaldustarethemostobviousvisibleconditionsthatoperatorsfaceon

28、site.Hiddeninthecombustionairlalkalisuchaspotassium,sodiumormagnesium,aswellassulfur,soot,volatilehydrocarbons,oilyvapours,andparticlesallgenerategasturbineissuesincludingcompressorfouling,air-coolingpassagefouling,vaneandbladeerosion,andcompressorcorrosion.Combinedwithsulfurinfuels,thesealkaliincom

29、bustionaircreatehotcorrosion.Finally,heavyrainfallcaninducefilterwashingsthatreleasefilteredparticlesintothecompressor.Allthesephenomenaimpactthegasturbineavailabilityonsite.Theroleofahighlyefficientairfiltrationsystemistomaintaintheenginecleanlinessbypreventingtheintroductionofcontaminantsintothega

30、sturbineairintake.Achievingahighlevelofenginecleanlinesshelpsmaintainengineintegrityandefficiencyandreducestheneedforwaterwasheswhichgenerateavoidabledowntime.Currently,highefficiencyfilterelementsarecharacterizedbyalimitednumberofparameters,namelyfilterefficiencyandmostpenetratingparticlesize(MPPS)

31、Theseparameters,relatedtoasinglefilterelement,aremeasuredinlaboratoryconditionsclosetofavourableinlandconditionswithsyntheticdust.Consequently,theseconditionsarefarfromtherealityobservedonsite,offshoreornearcoast,wherefilterelementsareusuallypartofasystem.Thetestresultsdonotthereforeprovideabasisfo

32、rpredictingeitheroperationalfilterperformanceorservicelife.Theobjectiveofthisdocumentistoconsiderhowtheeffectofwaterspray,humidityandsaltaffectstheperformanceofanairfilter.Thetestedairflowpassingthroughthefilterelementisclosetotheairflowrateoperatedonsiteforthethreedifferentconcepts:low,mediumorhigh

33、velocityfilterelements.Soot,volatilehydrocarbons,oilyvapoursandparticlesalsohaveimpactonfiltercharacterizationandperformance.TheseparatepartsofISO29461coverparticles,whilesoot,volatilehydrocarbonsandoilyvapoursareyettobeaddressed.Currenttestmethodsarenotmatureenoughfortheinclusionofsoot,volatilehydr

34、ocarbonsandoilyvapours.Theageingofafilterelementinstalledoffshoreandnearthecoastisaddressedtoallowthepredictionofoperationalfilterperformanceanditsassociatedservicelife.Itmustbeunderstoodhowfilterelementsperformduringdifferentcyclesrepresentingtypicalsiteconditionssuchasheavyrainfall,lowandhighhumid

35、ity,filterelementunloadedandloaded.Dependingonthegasturbineapplications,theservicelifeofthefilterelementisalsoacriteriontotakeintoconsideration.Inthiscase,therobustness,loadingcapacityandpressuredropcharacteristicsofthefilterelementsbecomekeyparametersfordesignandtesting.Airintakefiltersystemsforrot

36、arymachinery一Part4:Testmethodsforstaticfiltersystemsincoastalandoffshoreenvironments1 ScopeThisdocumentdefinestestmethodsforperformancetestingofindividualfilterelementsandofthecompletefiltrationsystem.Thefilterswillbeloadedwithultra-finesaltparticlesofasizemostlysubmicronduringvariablehumiditytosimu

37、laterealoffshoreandcoastalconditionshencefilterswithaninitialconditionedefficiencylowerthan50%forthe1)Thisprocedureisintendedforfilterelementsandfiltersystemswhichoperateatflowratedupto8000mePMparticles(filterclassT7arelikelytounderperformandwouldnotbesuitedasasinglestagefilter.hperfilterelement.2 N

38、ormativereferencesThefollowingdocumentsarereferredtointhetextinsuchawaythatsomeoralloftheircontentconstitutesrequirementsofthisdocument.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.ISO2813,Paintsandvarnishes

39、Determinationofglossvalueat20o,60and850ISO5167-1,MeasurementoffluidflowbymeansofpressuredifferentialdevicesinsertedincircularcrosssectionconduitsrunningfullPart1:GeneralprinciplesandrequirementsISO16890-2:2022,AirfiltersforgeneralventilationPart2:MeasurementOffractionalefficiencyandairflowresistanc

40、eISO29461-2:2022,Airintakefiltersystemsforrotarymachinery-Testmethods-Part2:FilterelementendurancetestinfogandmistenvironmentsISO29463-llHighefficiencyfiltersandfiltermediaforremovingparticlesfromairPart1:Classification,performance,testingandmarkingISO29464,CleaningofairandothergasesVocabulary3 Term

41、sanddefinitionsForthepurposesofthisdocument,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninISO29464andthefollowingapply.ISOandIECmaintainterminologydatabasesforuseinstandardizationatthefollowingaddresses: ISOOnlinebrowsingplatform:availableathttps:/www.iso.org/ObP IECElectropedia:availableathttps:WWW.clectropedia.org

42、/1.1 Airflows1.1.1 airflowratevolumeofairflowingthroughthefilterperunittimeSOURCE:ISO29464:2024,3.1,293.1.2testairflowraterateofairflowusedfortestingNote1toentry:Theflowrateisusuallyexpressedinvolumetricunitsm3h(cfm.Note2toentry:Testflowratemaydifferfromthemanufacturersspecifiedflowthroughtheairclea

43、ner.SOURCE:ISO29464:2024,3.1,323.1.3designairflowrateairflowratespecifiedbythemanufacturerSOURCE:ISO29464:2024,3.1,301.2 Efficiencies1.2.1 saltremovalefficiencymeasureoftheabilityofafiltertoremovesaltfromtheairpassingthroughit1.2.2waterremovalefficiencymeasureoftheabilityofafiltertoremovewaterfromth

44、eairpassingthroughit1.3 testdeviceairfilterordevicetobetested4 SymbolsandabbreviatedtermsCVcoefficientofvariationCWmwaterfogmassconcentration,gm3dsaturatedwetairmoisturecontent,g/kgambientairmoisturecontent,g/kgdPpressuredrop,PaEsajtsaltremovalefficiencyEWwaterremovalefficiencywatermasspenetratedthr

45、oughtestedfilterattheendofthetest,kgWottotalwaterfoggenerationamount,kgNasodiumNaClsodiumchlorideRHrelativehumiditySFPsodiumflamephotometer5 PrincipleThetestmethodisdesignedtochallengetheairintaketestobject(thetestobjectcanbeacompletesystem,asinglefilteroramulti-stagefiltersystem)withsub-micronsalti

46、nordertoensurethatthefibrestructureischallengeddeepwithinthefilterandnotonlyonthesurface.Thisallowssimulationofsaltloading,andthecyclingofrelativehumidityallowssimulationofagingbecausethesaltparticulateswilltransformfromdrytoliquidphase.Infieldoperatingconditions,thefiltersareexposedtobothsub-micron

47、andlargersaltparticlesandwaterdroplets.Themain“failure“modesorweaknessestobedetectedbyusingthistestmethodare:a) bypassofsaltandwaterthroughnotproperlysealedconstruction;EXAMPLEToolittlegluebetweenframepartscausingleakage.b) penetrationofsaltandwaterthroughthefiltermedia;EXAMPLEConstructionissealedwe

48、ll,butthefiltermediahaspoorwaterrepellence,causingleaksthroughmedia.c) adversepressurereactiontoeithermoistureorsaltloading,orboth.6 Testrigandequipment6.1 TestrigThetestrigcanbeconfiguredinmultipledifferentwaysdependingontheobjectbeingtested,thisdocumentdefinestestingindividualfilterelements.NOTEToperformamulti-stagetest,anappropriatetestprocedurei