研究生英语阅读教程提高级第三版教学课件Lesson2.ppt

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1、 Advanced Reading Revised Edition 1策 划：鞠方安 商希建顾 问：李光立主 编：刘兰芝 杨真真副主编：Gerald Zimmerman 张波 任林静制作人：刘红梅2 Lesson Two Humbled by Nature Humble by Culture3 Catalogue textBackground InformationWarm-up QuestionsMain IdeaLanguage Points Difficult SentencesKeys to the Exercises4Susanna Jones,author of The Missi

2、ng Persons Guide to Love,Water Lily,The Earthquake Bird and editor of The Illustrated Brighton Moment.Susanna Jones was born in Hull in 1967.She studied drama at London University where she became interested in Japanese culture after studying Japanese Noh theatre.This Background Information5 led to

3、her living and working in Japan for several years as a teacher of English in Nagoya,and later in Tokyo,where she also worked as a radio script editor.While living in Tokyo she started her first novel,The Earthquake Bird(2001),a murder story.This novel won a Crime Writers Association John Creasey Mem

4、orial Dagger,a Mail on twenty languages.Background Information6 11 March Japanese earthquake and tsunamiResidents survey the damage from the tsunami7 Fukushima Nuclear Accident Fukushima nuclear plant after tsunami 8 Background InformationPress here and watch Japan Quake:Measuring the Damage 9Warm-u

5、p Questions 1.What do you know about tsunami in general and the tsunami on March 11,2011 in particular?2.What do you think of Japanese culture and its characteristics?3.What are the necessary measures to cope with natural disasters?10 that forces of nature are an inevitable part of Japanese historic

6、al experience,but that the terrorist attack was a human caused event,over which there should be greater control?Was it because they did not want to think about unpredictable earthquakes?Susanne Jones goes on to consider a small collection of short stories written after the 1995 Kobe earthquake by a

7、Japanese novelist,Haruki Murakami.In these stories she searches for an Main Idea13understanding of how Japanese culture is responding now,and how,over time,how it may respond to the catastro-phic earthquake and tsunami of 2011.Main Idea14Language Points1.scale n u singular (line 1,para.1)the size or

8、 extent of sth,especially when it is very big 法治一旦崩溃就有可能导致大肆杀戮。The breakdown of law and order could result in killing on a massive scale.他低估了问题的严重性。He underestimates the scale of the problem.15Language PointsSynonyms:amount,area,breadth,bulk,capacity,depth,width,volume,dimensions,extent,guge,height,

9、immensity,largeness,length,magnitude,measurement,propotions 16Language Points2.tsunami n c(line 1,para.1）a very large wave,caused by extreme conditions such as an earthquake,which can cause a lot of damage when it reaches land17Language Points3.reminder n c(line 1,para.1）sth that makes you notice,re

10、member,or think about sth 这些废墟提醒人们不要忘记战争的恐怖。These ruins are a reminder of the horrors of war.发生了暴力事件。这给了人们一个严酷的提示宗 教紧张局势还在持续。Violence has broken out,a stark reminder that the religious tensions are refusing to go away.18Language PointsSynonyms:memorandum,nudge,prompt,mnemonic19Language Points consta

11、nt/painful/vivid etc reminder2)sth,for example a letter,that reminds you to do sth which you might have forgotten我收到图书馆的另一张催还单。I have had another reminder from the library.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交 的房租。It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.20Language Points4.carry vt (l

12、ine 2,para.1）1)to convey 将英国文化传递到世界的另一端。They carried the English culture to the other side of the world.她把这则消息立刻禀报了主人。She carried the news straight to the master.21Language Points 2)be/get carried away:to be so excited,angry,interested etc that you are no longer really in control of what you do or s

13、ay,or you forget everything else 我激动不已,几乎哭了出来。I got completely carried away and almost cried.22Language Points 5.horror film/movie (line 1,para.2）a film in which strange and frightening things happen 再也不要带我去看恐怖电影，我简直被吓得 魂不附 体。Never take me to a horror film again.I was scared out of my wits.23Languag

14、e Points6.footage n u(line 1,para.2）cinema film showing a particular event 他们准备播放今年夏天节日庆典的独家镜头.They are planning to show exclusive footage from this summers festivals.这个片段来自事发当晚的闭路摄象。This is footage from the closed-circuit camera on the night in question.24Language Points 7.clich n（line 3,para.2）1)a

15、n idea or expression used by many people 她正尝试写一篇没有陈词滥调陈词滥调内容的爱情故事。She is trying to write a love story without resorting to well-worn clichs.2)adj used or heard so often as to be dull a clich tale of lust and betrayal among the fabulously rich 富人之间老生常谈老生常谈的欲望与背叛的故事25Language PointsA clich is a common

16、 and overused phrase.It is used to describe something.The word“trite”might also be used.Using clichs is often considered to demonstrate a lack of creativity.Here Jones gives the example of using the word“nightmare”,a horrible frightening dream,in describing an apocalypse,an event with destruction of

17、 a catastrophic scale.She goes on to say that sometimes something is so terrible,that simple,clich words are the best to use.26Language PointsSynonyms:banality,commonplace,familiar phrase,hackneyed expression,platitude 27Language Points8.apocalypse n c(line 3,para.2）the apocalypse:the destruction an

18、d end of the world 我们生活在世界末日的阴影中。We live in the shadow of the apocalypse.28Language Points9.points of reference n c plural (line 4,para.2）sth you already know about that helps you understand a situation 我们在英语教学上还有固定不变的参考标准吗？Do we still have any fixed point of reference in the teaching of English?本文主

19、要介绍了参考标准的使用。The use of reference points is briefly introduced in this paper.29 10.rip away v adv (line 6,para.2)to remove sth quickly and violently 昨夜的风把树叶都刮掉了。Last nights wind had ripped all the leaves away from the trees.我剥掉了他伪君子的画皮。I ripped away his mask of hypocrite.Language Points30Language Poi

20、nts11.helicopter n c(line 6,para.2)a type of aircraft with large metal blades on top which turn around very quickly to make it fly;choppe31Language Points12.hover over/above vt (line 6,para.2)it stays in one place in the air 海鸥在惊涛骇浪上翱翔。Seagulls hover over the surging waves.32Language Points13.raging

21、 adj (line 6,para.2)1)continuing or moving with great natural force Raging flame 他看到一道烈火熊熊的巨大火墙。He saw a gigantic wall of raging flame before him.实地考察时要穿过一条水流湍急的河。The field trip involved crossing a raging torrent.A raging torrent33Language Points2)continuing strongly and showing no signs of ending如果

22、再发生严重的通货膨胀，那么利率就会迅速上调。If raging inflation returns,then interest rates will shoot up.可能偶尔会有批评，但现在显然没有出现激烈的辩论。There may be the occasional criticism but its clear there is no raging debate right now.34Language Points14.screenings n (line 7,para.2)a showing of motion picture 制作人将出席电影放映礼介绍他们的作品。The film-

23、makers will be present at the screenings to introduce their works.各电视台被禁止播放任何有关这次游行的画面。TV stations were banned from screening any pictures of the demonstration.35Language Points 15.magnitude n(line 1,para.3)1)the force of an earthquake 1906年旧金山地震的震级为8.3级。The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a ma

24、gnitude of 8.3.2)n u the great size or importance of sth 36Language Points这么大的手术实施起来十分困难。An operation of this magnitude is going to be difficult.似乎没有人意识到这个问题的严重性。No one seems to realise the magnitude of this problem.37 16.unforgiving adj(line 1,para.4 )1)harsh and unremitting 一片恶劣荒凉的风景 an unforgivin

25、g and desolate landscape2)not willing to forgive;unmerciful They are unforgiving of the smallest mistake.l最小的错误他们都不宽恕。Language Points38Language Points17.typhoon n (line 1,para.4)a very violent tropical storm39 18.lest conj(line 2,para.4)for fear that often used after an expression denotingfear or ap

26、prehension 他上好闹钟，免得上课迟到。He set the alarm lest he be late for class.She tiptoed lest the guard should hear her.她蹑手蹑脚，唯恐守卫听到。Language Points40Language Points19.iconic adj icon n (line 2,para.4)An“icon”is a visual image that is strongly associated with a specific place,event or feeling.In Christianity

27、and other religions an icon may be identified with a holy figure or concept.41Language Points20.Mount Fuji n(line 2,para.4)a volcano,about 100 km southwest of Tokyo,which is the highest mountain in Japan.Its top has the shape of a perfect cone.42Language Points21.viewing n (last line of para.4)watch

28、ing 她不赞成儿子不加选择地看电视。She disapproved of her sons indiscriminate television viewing.晚上看了一部怀旧的影片。The film provided an evening of nostalgic viewing.43Language Points22.volcano n(last line of para.4)a mountain with a large hole at the top,through which lava;very hot liquid rock is sometimes forced out 火山爆

29、发，把无数的石块抛向天空。A volcano erupted and propelled rocks high into the sky.死火山又重新喷发，对这座城市来说意味着大难临头。The extinct volcanos eruption would mean a cataclysm for the city.44Language Pointsactive volcano:one that may explode at any timedormant volcano:one that is not active at the momentextinct volcano:one that

30、is no longer active at all45 23.be tempered with (line 3,para.5)to dilute,qualify,or soften by the addition or influence of something else;to moderate 宽严相济（恩威并施）to temper justice with mercy The news story was tempered with a paragraph of explanation and justification.一段解释和正当的理由缓和了新闻故事造成的影响。Language

31、Points46Language Points24.band n (line 4,para.5)1)narrow area of light,colour,land etc that is different from the areas around it 那只白盘子镶有金边。The white plate has a gold band.她穿了一条滚黑边的红色裙子。She wears a red skirt with band of black in it.47Language Points2)a group of people formed because of a common bel

32、ief or purpose一伙无视法律的暴徒过去常横行于这个镇子，一路 烧杀抢掠。Bands of law breakers used to rage through the town,shooting and robbing.48 25.evoke vt (line 6,para.5)1)to bring to mind or recollection 老房子唤起了他童年的回忆。The old house evoked memories of his childhood.His words evoked an angry reply.2)to call forth or provoke;t

33、o producel 他的话引发了愤怒的回复。Language Points49Synonyms:evoke,educe,elicitThese verbs mean to draw forth or bring out sth latent,hidden,or unexpressedto evoke laughter to try to elicit the truth to educe significance from the eventLanguage Points50Language Points26.cherry blossoms n (line 6,para.5)a flower

34、 or the flowers on a tree or bush in(full)blossom with flowers fully open51Language Points27.neon n (last but 2nd line of para.5)a colourless gas that is found in small quantities in the air and is used in glass tubes to produce a bright light in elec-tric advertising sign52Language Points 28.overla

35、y n (last line of para.5)sth which covers sth else 一张台面一张台面包包银的桌子。银的桌子。a table covered with silver overlay 砖墙上覆盖了一层木板。An overlay of wood covers the brick wall.53Language Points 29.live with v prep (line 1,para.6)to accept a difficult situation that is likely to continue for a long time;to put up wit

36、h,to tolerate 必须学会必须学会接受压力。压力。You have to learn to live with stress.不管你喜欢与否，你得接受新税法。Whether you like it or not,you will have to live with the new tax law.54Language Points30.suspend vt (line 5,para.6)1)to stop 我请求他们别轻率下断语。I request them to suspend their decision.说来话长，你可得当真事来听。It is a long story.You

37、will have to suspend disbelief completely.55Language Points2)to make someone leave their school or job for a short time,especially because they have broken the rules 他因吸毒休学了。He was suspended from school for drug-taking.56Language PointsSynonyms:adjourn,break off,defer,delay,discontinue,interrupt,pos

38、tpone,put off57 31.subsequent adj (line 2,para.7)1)following in time,order,or place 人口增长率在1999年达到了高峰，在随后几年下降。The rate of population growth reached a peak in 1999 and declined in subsequent years.The child became ill subsequent to receiving an injection against measles.2)subsequent to:afterl 孩子在注射麻疹疫

39、苗后生病了。Language PointsMeasles58Synonym:consequent,ensuring,following,later,next,resulting,succeedingsucceeding:coming after or following The couple purchased some land,and in the course of the succeeding year built a house on it.The old man had not eaten since the preceding day.Antonym:preceding:exis

40、ting or coming beforeLanguage Points59Language Points32.package n (line 3,para.7)1)sth wrapped in paper,packed in a box and then sent by mail or delivered;parcel BrE 我撕开了那个包裹。I tore open the package.我们需要几段绳子用来打包。Well need several lengths of string to tie the package.60Language Points2)a set of ideas

41、 or services that are suggested or offered all together as a group 政府已经公布了帮助英国电影产业的一揽子措施。The government has announced a package of measures to help the British film industry.他们下了很大的决心，提出了一揽子解决问题的设 想。It was a hard decision for them to propose the package solution.61Language Points33.media coverage n

42、line 5&6，para.7)when a subject or event is reported on television or radio,or in newspapers 媒体大量地报道这些事件只会使问题持续下去。Giving these events a lot of media coverage merely perpetuates the problem.62Language Points34.initial adj (line 6,para.7)happening at the beginning;first 本次会议的初步目标是澄清这些问题。The initial ai

43、m of this meeting is to clarify the issues.她克服了起初的羞怯之后，变得十分友善。After shed overcome her initial shyness,she became very friendly.63Language Points35.adversity n u (line 7,para.7)a situation in which you have a lot of problems that seem to be caused by bad luck 在患难中不弃你而去的人才是真正的朋友。In time of adversity,t

44、hose who do not desert you are real friends.有充分准备的人，在逆境中充满希望，在顺境中不 忘担忧。A well-prepared mind hopes in adversity and fears in prosperity.64Language PointsSynonyms:calamity,catastrophe,disappointment,disaster,hardship,misadventure,mischance,mishap,reverse,tragewdy,trouble,vicissitude,set back65Language

45、 Points36.“goes some way”(line 8,para.7)to make progress toward;to accomplish something.This phrase would usually imply having or making a significant contribution-(as opposed to“going a little way”,making a small contribution to explain-ing,or accomplishing something.66Language Points37.dissect vt

46、line 9,para.7)to examine sth carefully in order to understand it 人们想仔细分析他的作品，并质疑其动机。People want to dissect his work and question his motives.这几本书分析了名人的生活。The books in which the lives of famous people are dissected.67Language PointsSynonyms:break down,analyze,interpret,investigate,scrutinize,separat

47、e out68Language Points38.afford/have/enjoy the luxury of sth(line 1&2 para.8)to have sth that is very pleasant or convenient,that you are not always able to have 三年来，这是他们第一次在一起待一整天。For the first time in three years,they had the luxury of a whole day together.时间是他无法享用的奢侈品。Time had become a luxury tha

48、t he could not afford.69Language Points39.keep somebody at a distance (last but line of para.8)to avoid becoming too friendly with someone 他们想和邻居保持距离。They tend to keep their neighbours at a distance.70 40.immerse oneself in v prep(line 2,para.9)to become,or to make sb become,completely involved in s

49、th 她沉浸在写短篇小说之中。She had immersed herself in writing short stories.Other expressions:be engrossed in;be wrapped in thought l 他醉心于岛屿的文化中。He immersed himself in the culture of the island.Language Points71Language PointsSynonyms:bathe,dip,drench,drown,dunk,plunge,submerge72Language Points41.anthology n (

50、last line of para.9)a set of stories,poems,songs etc by different people collected together in one book;collection 我有一本现代名言集萃。I have an anthology of modern quotations.这是一本妙语连珠、智慧洋溢的文集。It is an anthology that crackles with wit and wisdom.73Language Points42.aftershock n (the last line of para.9)the e