2022年考博英语-中共中央党校考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷62附答案带详解.docx

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1、2022年考博英语-中共中央党校考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Why pick up what literary history so resolutely discards? Any study of bestsellers confronts the same question as does the decaf, no-fat latte drinker in Starbucks: why bother? One justification, and the easiest demonstrated, is their interesting peculiarity

2、 Like other ephemera of past times, bestsellers offer the charm of antiquarian quaintness. And so short is their lifespan, that todays bestsellers become yesterdays fiction almost as soon as one has read them. Looking back through the lists is to uncover delightful cultural oddities. Consider, for

3、example, the top-selling novel of 1923 in the United States, Black Oxen, by Gertrude Atherton. Recall too that the discriminating reader of that year had James Joyces Ulysses and T. S. Eliots The Waste Land to choose from. The allusion of Athertons title signals grand literary pretension; pretension

4、 absurdly unmerited. None the less, the novels theme was, for the time, both topical and sensational rejuvenation. For humans, that is, not cattle. The narrative opens in a New York theatre. A brilliant young newspaperman, Lee Clavering, is struck by a beautiful woman in the audience. Investigation

5、reveals that she is facially identical with a young belle of thirty years before, Mary Ogden. Miss Ogden married a Hungarian diplomat, Count Zattiany, and has never been heard of since. Speculation rages, but eventually the truth comes out: Ogden/Zattiany has been rejuvenated in Vienna by Dr Steinac

6、hs new X-ray technique. By bombarding a womans ovaries at the period of menopause, the ageing process is reversible. When news of the wonderful process hits the newspapers, civil war threatens. And luckless Clavering finds himself in love with a woman old enough to be his mother. On the other side,

7、he himself is obsessively loved by a flapper, Janet, young enough to be his daughter, who drinks illegal hooch and attends petting parties. The plot thickens, madly thereafter. It is nonsense-just as, medically, Stcinachs X-ray miracle was nonsense. In 1922 Atherton herself had received the Viennese

8、 doctors rejuvenation treatment. It seems, from publicity pictures, to have done little for her beauty. But tosh fiction and quack science as it may be, Black Oxen fits, hand-in-glove, with its period. And no other period. However absurd it seems to the modern reader, Athertons novel reflects, and d

9、ramatizes, contemporary anxiety about womens freedoms. The 1920s was the era of the flapper -the perpetually young girl-woman. British women in this decade had, after long struggle, the vote -but only if they were over 30, after which the heyday in the female blood was conceived to have been suffici

10、ently cooled to make rational political decisions. Black Oxen, the top novel in the US in 1923, is inextricably of its period. It could have been published 15 years later. But out of its immediate time-and-place frame, Black Oxen would have no more worked than a fish out of water. Nor would it, in o

11、ther days, have been what it was, the book of the day. The day made the book, as much as events of the day made newspaper headlines in 1923. This hand-in-glove quality is inextricably linked with the ephemerality of bestsellerism. 1.Why does the author mention Ulysses and The Waste Land in paragraph

12、 2?2.According to the passage, all of the following are true about Black Oxen EXCEPT （ ）.3.The word “rage” in the passage is closest in meaning to （ ）.4.Which of the following sentence can best express the meaning of the highlighted sentence in the Last paragraph?5.According to the passage, which of

13、 the following is true about a bestseller?问题1选项A.They were bestsellers just second to Black Oxen in 1923.B.They were more popular than Blank Oxen in 1923.C.As contemporary novels of Black Oxen, they were not popular in 1923.D.As bestsellers of 1923, they were not as popular as Black Oxen.问题2选项A.Thou

14、gh the writer of Black Oxen did get a treatment for keeping young, but it looked unsuccessful.B.Black Oxen implied the X-ray technique was welcomed by women who were in menopause.C.Black Oxen was very popular in 1923 when people believed in pseudo science about renewal of youthfulness.D.Count Zattia

15、ny appeared in Black Oxen as a minor character.问题3选项A.anger greatlyB.prevail uncontrollablyC.rake lipD.presume daringly问题4选项A.The ethos of 1923 for Black Oxen is just like water for fish.B.Without its time-and-space, Black Oxen would have enjoyed its popularity for a longer time.C.Without water, Bla

16、ck Oxen would lose its popularity.D.Black Oxen would not have been produced if it wasnt treated like a fish.问题5选项A.A bestseller only caters for its own time.B.A bestseller is liable to tell a love triangle story.C.A bestseller cannot be written by an old female writer.D.A bestseller is a great liter

17、ary work, though it is strange.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“And so short is their lifespan, that todays bestsellers become yesterdays fiction almost as soon as one has read them.”，可知作者的观点是畅销书的寿命是短暂的，以至于今天的畅销书几乎一读完就变成了昨天的小说。所以在文章第二段作者用尤利西斯和荒原两本书的例子和黑色公牛做了对比，说明与同时代的畅销书黑色公牛一样，它们在19

18、23年并不受欢迎。选项C符合题意。2.推断题。根据文章第五段，“In 1922 Atherton herself had received the Viennese doctors rejuvenation treatmentto have done little for her beauty.”，可知虽然她接受了Viennese恢复治疗，但是并没有效果。选项A符合文意，可排除。根据文章第四段，“By bombarding a womans ovaries at the period of menopause, the ageing process is reversible.”，可知通过这种

19、技术，处理更年期女性的卵巢，衰老过程是可以消除的。选项B符合文意，可排除。根据文章第四段，“Miss Ogden married a Hungarian diplomat, Count Zattiany, and has never been heard of since.”，可知玛丽奥格登嫁给了一个匈牙利的外交官Zattiany伯爵，所以Zattiany伯爵在黑色公牛中扮演一个次要角色。选项D符合文意，可排除。根据文章最后一段第一句，“Black Oxen, the top novel in the US in 1923, is inextricably of its period.”，可知

20、黑色公牛受欢迎的原因是由于小说与时代的不可分割性。所以原因并没有提及人们相信青春再生的伪科学。选项C符合题意。3.词义理解题。根据文章第四段，“Speculation rages, but eventually the truth comes out: Ogden/Zattiany has been rejuvenated in Vienna by Dr Steinachs new X-ray technique.”，可知玛丽奥格登嫁给外交官的事情迅速传播蔓延，但是最后真相说明：Ogden/Zattiany通过Steinach医生新发明的X射线技术重新焕发活力。所以rage在这一句的意思应该是

21、迅速传播和蔓延。选项B符合题意。4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“But out of its immediate time-and-place frame, Black Oxen would have no more worked than a fish out of water.”，可知如果没有1923年的时代和背景框架，黑色公牛就会像鱼离开水一样无法存活。选项A符合题意。5.主旨题。纵观全文，作者的对于畅销书的观点为：畅销书因为和当时所处的时代和思潮是相符的，所以会带来小说的短暂畅销。又根据文章最后一段，“The day made the book, as much as events

22、 of the day made newspaper headlines in 1923.”，可知1923年的畅销书就像那个时代的新闻头条一样，所以反应的是那个时代的思想和潮流。可知畅销书只适合于自己的时代符合文意。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题The new media law that has sparked a furor in the country requires all broadcast and digital media to provide “balanced coverage” and is seen by critics as an attempt to （ ）the p

23、ress.问题1选项A.muzzleB.underpinC.sidestepD.reassure【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。muzzle “使缄默，封锁.的言论”；underpin “巩固，支持”；sidestep “回避”；reassure “使安心”。句意：在全国引起了轩然大波的新媒体法，要求所有广播和数字媒体提供均衡的报道，被评论家认为有可能带来言论受限等结果。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题Although politicians tended to （ ） acknowledging this aspect-of policy too publicly, in their more

24、candid moments they admitted that this cure for inflation went hand in glove with a rise in unemployment above NAIRU.问题1选项A.steer clear toB.steer clearing toC.steer clear ofD.steer clearing of【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。根据固定搭配steer clear to “避开”，句意：尽管政客们尽量避免过于公开认证这方面的政策。不存在选项A、B、D搭配。选项C符合题意。4. 单选题If the police （

25、when they did there would have been serious violence.问题1选项A.had not stepped inB.did not stepped inC.had not stepped downD.did not stepped down【答案】A【解析】语法题。考查虚拟语气，主句结构为would have done，表示对过去事情的虚拟，if引导的从句应该用had done过去完成，选项B和D可排除。step in “介入，干预”；step down “辞职，走下”。句意：如果警方没有介入的话，严重的暴力行为可能已经发生了。选项A符合题意。5.

26、 单选题（ ）, even though one undergoes untold millions of individual experiences in ones life, only a few lessons are usually ever learned.问题1选项A.SpontaneouslyB.StupendouslyC.ApparentlyD.Appropriately【答案】C【解析】副词词义辨析。spontaneously“自然地，自发地”；stupendously “巨大地、惊人地”；apparently “显然地”；appropriately “适当地”。句意：很显

27、然，即使一个人在一生中会经历无数次的个人经历，但人们通常只能从中得到很少的经验教训。选项C符合题意。6. 单选题The decision to call it quits by Mr. Grimm, of Staten Island perhaps best known for threatening to break a reporter in half and （ ） a Capitol Hill balcony came after a conversation on Monday with the House speaker, John A. Boehner, which a sour

28、ce close to the speaker confirmed.问题1选项A.throw him offB.throwing him intoC.throwing himself offD.throw himself into【答案】A【解析】语法题。根据空格前的to break可判断，空格应该填动词圆形，和break构成并列成分，选项B和C可排除。固定搭配throw off“扔开，抛开”，接宾语用宾格形式，所以用him，句意：斯塔顿岛的格林姆先生-或许是因为威胁将一名记者将他劈成两半后从国会山的阳台扔下而最出名。选项A符合题意。7. 单选题The Malaysian government

29、 announced in a written statement last week that the policy to restructure society （ ）in 1970 would come to an end by the end of the year.问题1选项A.to formulateB.to be formulatedC.as formulatedD.so as to formulate【答案】C【解析】语法题。根据题意，空格为后置定语，修饰前面的policy，和policy之间存在被动关系，所以选项A和D可排除。to be formulated“将要被制定”，a

30、s formulated“已经被制定的”。句意：马来西亚政府上周以书面形式宣布：1970年已经制定的调整社会的政策将于今年年底停止。选项C符合题意。8. 单选题President Barack Obama has been excoriated for declaring that “we dont have a strategy yet” for effectively confronting the Islamic State group. In criticizing Obama for taking too much time, Mike Rogers, the Republican

31、chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, told “Fox News Sunday” that “this dont-do-stupid-stuff” policy isnt working.” That sounded odd to my earlike we should just bomb somebody, even if it is stupid. If Obama did that, what would he be ignoring? First, experience. After 9/11 that sort of “fir

32、e, ready, aim” approach led George W. Bush to order a ground war in Iraq without sufficient troops to control the country, without a true grasp of Iraqs Shiite-Sunni sectarian dynamics and without any realization that, in destroying the Sunni Taliban regime in Afghanistan and the Sunni Baathist regi

33、me in Iraq, we were destroying both of Irans mortal enemies and thereby opening the way for a vast expansion of Irans regional influence. We were in a hurry, myself included, to change things after 9/11, and when youre in a hurry you ignore complexities that come back to haunt you later. There are n

34、o words to describe the vileness of the video beheadings of two U.S. journalists by the Islamic State, but I have no doubt that theyre meant to get us to overreact, a la 9/11, and rush off again without a strategy. The Islamic State is awful, but it is not a threat to Americas homeland. Second, the

35、context. To defeat the Islamic State, you have to address the context out of which it emerged. And that is the three civil wars raging in the Arab world today: the civil war within Sunni Islam between radical jihadists and moderate mainstream Sunni Muslims and regimes; the civil war across the regio

36、n between Sunnis funded by Saudi Arabia and Shiites funded by Iran; and the civil war between Sunni jihadists and all other minorities in the region: Yazidis, Turkmen, Kurds, Christians, Jews and Alawites. When you have a region beset by that many civil wars at once, it means there is no center, onl

37、y sides. And when you intervene in the middle of a region with no center, you very quickly become a side. The Islamic State emerged as an extreme expression of resentment by one side: Iraqi and Syrian Sunnis who felt cut out of power and resources by the pro-Iranian Shiite regime in Baghdad and the

38、pro-Iranian Alawite/Shiite regime in Damascus. That is why Obama keeps insisting that the United States military intervention must be accompanied, for starters, by Iraqis producing a national unity government of mainstream Shiites, Sunnis and Kurds - so our use of force supports pluralism and power-

39、sharing, not just Shiite power. But power-sharing doesnt come easy in a region where kinship and sectarian loyalties overwhelm any sense of shared citizenship. Without it, though, the dominant philosophy is either: “I am strong, why should I compromise?” or “I am weak, how can I compromise?” So any

40、onslaught we make on the Islamic State, absent national unity governments, will have Shiites saying the former and Sunnis saying the latter. Thats why this is complicated. 1.Which of the following words is synonymous to the highlighted word “excoriated” in the first line of the passage?2.According t

41、o the passage, all of the following statements are FALSE EXCEPT （ ）.3.Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?4.Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the whole passage?5.What do you think of the authors attitude towards Obamas policy on the Islamic Stat

42、e according to the passage?问题1选项A.excruciatedB.approbatedC.exfoliatedD.reprobated问题2选项A.Mike Rogers doesnt think that it is stupid that Obama didnt take actions to bomb the Islamic State.B.George W. Bushs approach to destroy the Sunni Taliban regime in Afghanistan and the Sunni Baathist regime in Ir

43、aq has actually helped Iran.C.The Islamic State beheaded two American Journalists had threatened the safety of American homeland.D.When a region is beset by many civil wars at once, there is center, no sides.问题3选项A.If Obama did destroy the Islamic State, he would ignore several issues.B.The video be

44、headings of two U.S. journalists by the Islamic State are just meant to threaten the United States.C.Obama insists that the United States，military intervention in Iraq must be accompanied by Iraqis producing a national unity government.D.The U.S. government needs to think over before taking actions

45、against the Islamic State.问题4选项A.Obamas Policy on the Islamic StateB.Conflicts in the Arab WorldC.Fire, Ready, Aim. Not Ready, Aim, FireD.Ready, Aim, Fire. Not Fire, Ready, Aim问题5选项A.opposingB.approvingC.neutralD.indifferent【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.词义理解题。根据文章第一句，“President Barack Obama has

46、 been excoriated for declaring that “we dont have a strategy yet” for effectively confronting the Islamic State group.”，可知美国总统巴拉克奥巴马因宣称尚未制定有效对抗伊斯兰国组织的战略而受到严厉批评。所以找出excoriate “批评，斥责”的同义词，选项D符合题意。2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句，“After 9/11 that sort of “fire, ready, aim” approach led George W. Bush to order a grou

47、nd war in Iraq without sufficient troops to control the country, without a true grasp of Iraqs Shiite-Sunni sectarian dynamics and without any realization that, in destroying the Sunni Taliban regime in Afghanistan and the Sunni Baathist regime in Iraq, we were destroying both of Irans mortal enemies and thereby opening the way for a vast expansion of Irans regional influence.”可知9.11后那种“开炮、准备、作战”的方法使布什在伊拉克发动地面战争的时候没有足够的军事力量在控制这个国家，没有真正了解伊拉克什叶派和逊尼派的宗派动态，也没有意识到摧毁了阿富汗的逊尼派塔利班政权和伊拉克的逊尼派复兴党政权，我们就可以摧毁伊朗的死敌，从而为伊朗地区影