大学英语四级作文模板.doc

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1、过渡性词语过渡性词语（即转承词或衔接词）介绍。过渡性词语即“起”、“承”、“转”、“合”的词语在作文中能起到润滑剂的作用。正确并灵活运用这类词语能使作文结构清晰，逻辑合理，文章流畅。议论文常用的过渡性词语可分为以下十二种，但是有些词语在几种类型中可通用。1、 开头段引出扩展句的词语： at first, first of all, in the first place , for one thing.,(for another.)（首先-，其次-），now, nowadays, at present, recently, lately, on the one hand.,on the othe

2、r hand.2、 表示次序关系的词语：first, second, third, finally, firstly, secondly, thirdly, eventually, furthermore, above all, afterwards, at last.3、 表示时间顺序的词语：before, after that, now, next, soon, then, just then, later, until, since, ever since, from then on, while , meanwhile.4、 表示因果关系的词语：as a result, as a re

3、sult of, accordingly, because, because of, due to, owing to, now that, in that, since, so that, consequently, as a consequence, hence, for, for this/that reason, thus, so, in this/that way, therefore.5、 表示空间关系的词语：between, beside, beyond, across, over, at, from.to, into, outside, inside, above, again

4、st, around, at the bottom, before, behind, below, close to, up, down, far, farther, in front of, in the center of, in the distance, in the middle of, nearly, next to, on the left, on the right, on the opposite side, opposite to, on top of, under. 6、 表示推理关系的词语：or else（否则）， otherwise, if so, under no

5、circumstances.7、 表示比较或对比、让步以及转折关系的词语：like, unlike, similarly, in the same manner/way, in comparison with, in contrast to， instead, on the contrary, while, though, even though/if, although, even when, in spit of, whereas, but, yet, rather than, nevertheless, no matter what/how/when/where/which. 8、 表示

6、强调或递进关系的词语：above all, of course, indeed, in addition, additionally, besides, too, moreover, furthermore, that is to say, in other words, whats more, in fact, once again, especially, in particular, most important. 9、 表示条件或假设关系的词语：if, unless, provided that, in case, supposing, suppose.10.表示同意语气的词语：no

7、doubt, doubtless, undoubtedly, of course, surely, naturally, certainly. 11.表示举例关系的词语：as follows, a case in point, for example, for instance, including, to illustrate, namely, such as.12.表示总结类型的词语：to summarize, to sum up, to conclude, in sum, in summary, in conclusion, thus, therefore, all in all, in

8、 brief, briefly, on the whole, in all, in short, in a word, in terms, as I have said, as has been noted. 议论文一现象解释型此类作文在考试作文中最为常见。命题主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论，其基本结构是：首先说明现状；其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因；最后做出分析，提出建议或总结观点。一）From the chart/graph/table/picture, we learn that nowadays, _总述社会现象或社会事实_ has aroused the great/

9、common concern. What impresses us most is _社会突出现象_. There are many reasons accounting for _现象或变化_. First of all, _原因一_. What is more,_原因二_. For example, _举例说明原因二_. In addition, _原因三_. Therefore, 总结原因导致的结果_. As far as I am concerned, 我的观点. For one thing/on one hand 理由一. For another/on the other hand

10、理由二. Thus/in brief/taking above mentioned factors into consideration, I may reasonably conclude that 段落总结句.二） According to the chart/graph/table/picture, it is clear that 图表/画内容总概括. The chart /graph/table/picture show具体描述图表/图画内容一，while 具体描述图表/图画内容二. Many reasons contribute to 现象概括。 To begin with, 原因

11、一。进一步阐述原因一。 Moreover, 原因二。 In addition, 原因三。As a result, 段落总结句。 As to me, 我的观点/态度/建议。 First of all, 理由一。Besides, 理由二。To conclude, 段落总结句。E.G.: 1. Student Use of Computers. 1. 上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间: 1990年（2 hours）、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 hours)，请描述其变化； 2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）； 3. 你认为

12、目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 2. Health Gains in Developing Countries.1. 以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命（life expectancy）和婴儿死亡率（infant mortality）的变化情况。 2. 说明引起变化的各种原因。 3. Harmfulness of Fake Commodities. 1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake commodities)2.为什么会有这种现象？3.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费个人、社会等的危害。4. Education and Market 1. 教育作为一种产业进入市场 2. 产生这

13、种现象的原因 3. 我的看法5. Adults Education 1.。成人教育在城市中很普及，有18%的成年人选择成人教育 2. 分析原因何在 3. 我毕业后打算如何继续学习6. Cards 1. 现代社会城市中持卡的人越来越多 2. 其原因在于。 3. 其发展趋势是。E.G.: Student Use of ComputersFrom the chart, we learn that nowadays, student use of computers had grown sharply, which has aroused the greatest concern. What impr

14、esses us most is that, in 2000, college students averagely spent 20 hours per week on computer, which is more ten times than the size ten years ago. There many reasons accounting for this phenomenon.First of all, the decreasing price of PC plays an important part. What is more, internet provides stu

15、dents and amazing world to explore. For example, people can make friends around the world. In addition, for students, the computer can be a great help to their study. Therefore, more and more students devote their time to computers.As far as I am concerned, there are some problems existing in studen

16、t use of computers. On one hand, lack of skills fails students to make full use of the computer. On the other hand, lacking necessary disciplines, some students indulge in computer games and net world, forgetting their major tasks as college students. In brief, I may reasonably conclude that there i

17、s still a lot to do to help students make good use of computers.Student Use of Computers According to the chart, it is clear that the students use of computers has grown rapidly. The chart shows from 1990 to 1995, the average hours that students spent on computers in every week were only doubled, wh

18、ile in 2000, the number grew to 20 hours, which is five times as large as that of 1995. Many reasons contribute to this tremendous growth. To begin with, the low price of computer allows many students to have one in university. That is to say, the price of PC is becoming so cheap that many students

19、can have their own computers. Moreover, many net bars can provide students convenient access to computers. In addition, internet provides people an amazing world to explore. As a result, computers have an irresistible attraction to them.As to me, I think there are still problems in student use of co

20、mputers. First of all, students dont have enough skills to command computers, which limits them to the full used of computers. Besides, students who are short of self-disciplines may forget their main task of study. To conclude, we still need take effective measures to make progress in student use o

21、f computers.二对比选择型基本方法为：阐述一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由；阐述第二种（相对或相反的）观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由；表明个人支持或反对以上观点或态度，并说明原因。一） There is no complete agreement among people as to 问题/事物. Some people consider, 一种看法/观点. However, others think that 另一种看法/观点. Some people may say 观点一的理由. They hold this opinion because 深入阐述观点一

22、的理由. However, others believe, 观点二的理由.They argue that, 深入阐述观点二的理由. Personally, I am in favorof the 我的观点或看法. Firstly, 个人看法的依据一. Secondly, 个人看法的依据二. Most important of all 个人看法的依据三. Taking above-mentioned factors into consideration, we/I may reasonably conclude that 重申观点。E.G.: 1. Is a Test of Spoken Eng

23、lish Necessary? 1. 很多认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是. 2. 也有人持不同意见，. 3. 我的看法和打算 2. Reading Selectively Or Extensively? 1. 有人认为读书要有选择 2. 有人认为应当博览群书 3. 我的看法 Reading Selectively Or Extensively? 3. Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? 1. 名校校园正成为旅游新热点 2. 校园是否应对游客开放,人们看法不同 3. 我认为.4. Advantages and Disadvant

24、ages of Internet. 1.当然，因特网既有其优点也有弊端。2.因特网在很多方面对人类是有益的。3.然而，因特网也给我们带来了许多问题。4.总之，因特网的利弊取决于我们如何使用它。5. My View on Job-Hopping 1. 有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为. 2. 有些人喜欢经常更换工作，因为. 3. 我的看法 6. How to memorize English Words?1. 一些人认为背诵生词表中的英文单词是最佳的学习方法2. 一些人认为要记住英文单词的最佳学习方法是大量阅读3. 我的做法7. Love and Study1. 有些人认为谈恋爱会影响学习2.

25、有些人却认为谈恋爱会促进学习3. 你的看法8. The Future of Our World1. 一些人对人类社会的未来持乐观态度，因为。2. 另一些人则持悲观态度（如：污染和战争等对人类的威胁。）3. 我的看法Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?There is no complete agreement among people as to whether we should have a test of spoken English or not. Some people consider that it is necessary for col

26、lege students to have such a test. However, others think that it is useless to emphasize the importance of spoken English.Some people may say that a test of spoken English is very important. They hold this opinion because they maintain that such a test can stimulate college students to have conversa

27、tion practice. However, others believe that taking such a test is a waste of time. They argue that it is reading, translating and writing skills that really matter.Personally, I am in favor of the former opinion. Firstly, spoken English is becoming more and more important in global communication. Se

28、condly, such a test can strengthen students awareness of the importance of spoken English. Most important of all, if we cant speak fluently, we will not achieve the ultimate purpose of learning English: to communicate with foreigners. Taking the above mentioned factors into consideration, we may rea

29、sonably conclude that it is necessary for college students to take a test of spoken English.Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English. When talking about it, different people will offer different opinions. Some peo

30、ple take it forgranted that college students should take a test of spoken English. In their opinion, it is good chance forthem to test their spoken English. Besides, it also make them know the importance of the spoken English. However, others hold that a test of spoken English is unnecessary in the

31、university and colleges. They maintain that college students practice of spoken English is not fortesting but fordaily use. And they think it is hard to manage such a subjective test. Weighing up these two arguments, I am forthe first point of view. Forone thing, spoken English is very important. Fo

32、ranother, a test of spoken English can guide and supervise students to make conversation practice. Forinstance, when choosing books and other materials, students can pick them according to the bands of the test they want to take. Therefore, as stated above, the first point of view can hold water.三问题

33、解决型此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图画入手，解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性；然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己的态度、做法等。基本方法为：提出问题分析问题解决问题。一). It is well-known that 相关背景，but nowadays 总述不良现象或问题。现象具体表现一。现象具体表现二。It should be paid attention to that 该现象is causing great harm 该现象 for many reasons. On one hand, 危害一/

34、原因一。 On the other hand, 危害二/原因二。 Therefore, it is high time that 解决该问题。First of all, 解决方法一。进一步阐述方法一。Secondly/ In addition, 解决方法二。 Thirdly/ Besides/ Moreover, 解决方法三。 Only in this way can we 解决问题。二）. There has been a discussion recently about 现象事实。It is obvious that 危害一/作用一。Additionally, 危害二/作用二。So ho

35、w to 解决问题 is worth paying attention to. On one hand/Firstly, 解决方法一。进一步阐述方法一。On the other hand/Secondly, 解决方法二。For example, 支持该方法的例子。In addition/ Thirdly, 解决方法三。 In fact, more than . ways can be adopted. As for me, 我的思考或看法。All in all, 总结全文。E.G.:1. How to Reduce Cheating in Exams?1. 学生作弊现象越来越严重2. 作弊的原

36、因3. 如何杜绝作弊现象 2. Owning Mobile Phones.1.手机给人们带来了方便。2.大学生拥有手机的利弊。3.在某些场合关掉您的手机。3. My View on Fake Commodities 1. 假冒伪劣商品的危害。 2. 怎样杜绝假冒伪劣商品。 4. Reduce Waste on Campus 1.有些大学校园浪费现象日益严重 2.浪费的危害 3.杜绝浪费, 从我做起5. Problems Faced by Single Parent Children1. 单亲家庭的普遍性2. 单亲家庭对孩子产生的危害性3. 怎样解决单亲家庭的孩子面临的问题6. Online S

37、hopping1. 网上购物成为现代家庭购物的一种新方式，它给人们带来了很多方便，同时也暴露出很多弊端2. 我们应该如何把握这一新兴的购物方式3. 我的看法7. How to Fight Against Obesity?1. 肥胖症不但在发达国家盛行，在中国也很普遍2. 如何摆脱肥胖症的困扰3. 我的看法8. Traffic and Population.1. 交通问题已经成为大城市的主要问题之一。2. 产生交通问题的原因。3. 应采取措施解决这个问题。How to Reduce Cheating in Exams? It is well-known that students are ask

38、ed to answer all questions in exams by themselves, but nowadays more and more students tend to cheat in exams. For one thing, some students copy the answers from others. For another, some even ask ringer for help. It should be paid attention to that this phenomenon is caused for many reasons. On one

39、 hand, some students cheat to pass the exam or get higher scores. On the other hand, they are under great pressure from parents and they fear to fail in exams or fall behind others. Therefore, it is high time that we took some measures to prevent the students from cheating in exams. First of all, we

40、 should explain the harm of cheating to the students. It is obvious that education is an effective way. Secondly, punishment or penalty should be given to those who have been found cheating. Thirdly, less pressure from both parents and teachers should be placed on students. Only in this way can we r

41、educe cheating in exams. How to Reduce Cheating in Exams? There has been a discussion recently about cheating in exams. It is obvious that cheating in exams leads to unfairness. Additionally, it will mislead the teachers into making a wrong judgment of teaching achievement. So how to reduce cheating

42、 in exams is worth paying attention to. Firstly, we should explain the harm of cheating to the students. That is to say, the goal of exams is not to get high scores but to urge them to learn much knowledge. Secondly, strict measures should be taken against cheating. For example, punishment or penalt

43、y should be given to those who have been found cheating in exams. Thirdly, less pressure from both parents and teachers should be placed on students.In fact, more than three ways can be adopted. As for me, less pressure will do more effectively in reducing cheating. All in all, we should try our bes

44、t to put an end to cheating in exams.Reduce Waste on CampusWith the improvement of living standard, waste on campus is increasingly serious. It is necessary that something should be done to reduce waste on campus. On the one hand, our waste has already caused a great loss of precious resources, such

45、 as water and electricity. On the other hand, our waste adds our parents as well as our society a burden. Therefore, how to eliminate waste on campus is worth paying attention. Firstly, we should turn off the light when we leave our dorms orclassrooms so as to save electricity as much as possible. S

46、econdly, we should stop wasting water when we bath, orwash clothes and dishes. Forexample, we should use a basin when we clean faces. Thirdly, we should be economical. In other words, when go shopping, we should buy only what we really need. In fact, the ways to reduce waste on campus are countless.

47、 Its time that we cultivate the habit of thrift in every possible way.四. 观点论证型 此类作文往往要求考生根据题目给出论点，按照提纲的结构要求对其下论证，然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实、讲道理的方式剖析事物，论述事理，发表意见，确立或否认某一主张。基本方法为：分析主题得出结论举例论证得出结论（证明观点的正确性）。一). It is true that提出普遍存在地观点. However, 谈不同地观点. I think自己地观点，即文章地论点. 过度句，转折到观点地论证，由题目选择具体的词 can be listed as follow. First of all, 论证理由一. Secondly论证理由二. Forexample举例具体说明理由二. Thirdly, 论证理由三. A case in point is举例说明理由三. It goes without saying that提出执行该观点时应注意的事项. There is no doubt that得出结论. In conclusion总结全文. 二). Some people believe that直接提出本文的观点. The truth is deep and profound. As we know, 论证理由一