GRE阅读理解训练.doc

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1、GRE阅读理解(Reading Comprehension)训练Passage 1My steamboat voyage to Albany and back has turned out rather more favorably than I had expected. The distance, from New York to Albany is 150 miles. I ran it up within 32 hours and down in 30. I had a light breeze blowing against me the whole way both going a

2、nd coming, and the voyage has been performed wholly by the power of the steam engine. I overtook many boats beating against the wind and parted with them as if they had been at anchor. The power of boats run by steam is now fully proved. The morning I left New York there were not, perhaps, thirty pe

3、rsons in the city who believed that the boat would ever move one mile per hour or be the least use.Questions for Passage 11.1 Choose the best title for this passage.SUBJECT MATTER A. The Success of the Steamboat B. The Small Faith of Small People C. The Effectiveness of the Steam Engine D. A Trip to

4、 Albany E. The Speed of the Steamboat 1.2 The authors main thought is thatGENERALIZATION A. the steamboat voyage turned out more favorably than he had expected. B. the authors steamboat trip was successful. C. most people doubted that the steamboat would be of the least use. D. the voyage was perfor

5、med wholly by the power of the steam engine. E. the steamboat, unlike a sailboat, can be used successfully with the wind against it.1.5 (a) Assuming that Poughkeepsie is midway between New York and Albany, and that Fultons speed was constant, the leg of the authors trip from Poughkeepsie to New York

6、 must have taken CONCLUSION A. 5 hours. B. 7 hours C. 10 hours D. 15 hours. E. 20 hours. 1.5 (b) We can conclude from this passage thatCONCLUSION A. many sailboats were at anchor when the author traveled the Hudson to Albany. B. sailboats were having more difficulty with winds on the authors trip no

7、rth than on the reverse leg of his journey. C. no sailboat could have ever made Albany from New York in less than 32 hours. D. sailboats were having difficulty with headwinds on both the authors upriver and downriver trips, E. the distance from Albany to New York is shorter than that from New York t

8、o Albany. 1.9 The author states that he had a light breeze blowing against me the whole way both going and coming to COMMUNICATION A. provide local color in his description of the trip.TECHNIQUE B. show why sails would not be an effective means of power. C. indicate how pleasant his trip was. D. pro

9、ve the effectiveness of the steam engine. E. do none of the above.Passage 2Men in all ways are better than they seem. They like flattery for the moment, but they know the truth for their own. It is foolish cowardice which keeps us from trusting them and speaking to them rude truth. They resent your

10、honesty for an instant; they will thank you for it always. What is it we heartily wish of each other? Is it to be pleased and flattered? No, but to be convicted and exposed, to be shamed out of our nonsense of all kinds, and made men of, instead of ghosts and phantoms. We are weary of gliding ghostl

11、ike through the world, which is itself so slight and unreal. We crave a sense of reality, though it comes in strokes of pain.Questions for Passage 22.1 This passage is mainly aboutSUBJECT MATTER A. the value of men. B. the need for trusting people. C. the need for becoming a real person in a real wo

12、rld. D. the need to be able to endure pain. E. the need for truth in human relations.2.2 The authors .main thought is thatGENERALIZATION A. flattery is always acceptable. B. it is foolish cowardice which holds back our trust. C. we must be shamed out of our nonsense. D. reality with its pain can mak

13、e men better. E. honesty is sometimes resented but often admired.2.4 The author advises us toSIGNIFICANCE A. stop being a ghost. B. bear in mind that men like flattery. C. face up to, and express, the truth. D. stop being a coward even though it .may make enemies. E. thank people when they tell the

14、unvarnished truth;2.9 The author points out that men are better than they seem in order to show thatCOMMUNICATION A. it is foolish for us to be cowardly and fear our neighbors.TECHNIQUE B. we need not fear to tell people the truth. C. people are not really looking for flattery. D. they are weary of

15、being ghosts. E. we will find people grateful if we abandon nonsense of all kinds. Passage 3Blood vessels running all through the lungs carry blood to each air sac, or alveolus, and then back again to the heart. Only the thin wall of the air sac and the thin wall of a capillary are between the air a

16、nd the blood. So oxygen easily diffuses, from the air sacs through the walls into the blood, while carbon dioxide easily diffuses from the blood through the walls into the air sacs.When blood is sent to the lungs by the heart, it has come back from the cells in the rest of the body. So the blood tha

17、t goes into the wall of an air sac contains much dissolved carbon dioxide but very little oxygen. At the same time, the air that goes into the air sac contains much oxygen but very little carbon dioxide. You have learned that dissolved materials always diffuse from where there is more of them to whe

18、re there is less. Oxygen from the air dissolves in the moisture on the lining of the air sac and diffuses through the lining into the blood. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the air sac. The blood then flows from the lungs back to the heart, which sends it out to all other part

19、s of the body.Soon after the air goes into an air sac, it gives up some of its oxygen and takes in some carbon dioxide from the blood. To keep diffusion going as it should, this carbon dioxide must be gotten rid of. Breathing, which is caused by movements of the chest, forces the used air out of the

20、 air sacs in your lungs and brings in fresh air. The breathing muscles are controlled automatically so that you breathe at the proper rate to keep your air sacs supplied with fresh air. Ordinarily, you breathe about twenty-two times a minute. Of course, you breathe faster when you are exercising and

21、 slower when you are resting. Fresh air is brought into your lungs when you breathe in, or inhale, while used air is forced out of your lungs when you breathe out, or exhale.Some people think that all the oxygen is taken out of the air in the lungs and that what we breathe out is pure carbon dioxide

22、 But these ideas are not correct. Air is a mixture of gases that is mostly nitrogen. This gas is not used in the body. So the amount of nitrogen does not change as air is breathed in and out. But while air is in the lungs, it is changed in three ways: (1) About one-fifth of the oxygen in the air go

23、es into the blood. (2) An almost equal amount of carbon dioxide comes out of the blood into the air. (3) Moisture from the linings of the air passages and air sacs evaporates until the air is almost saturated.Questions for Passage 33.2 (a) In the respiratory process, the following action takes place

24、 GENERALIZATION A. diffusion of blood through capillary walls into air sacs. B. diffusion of carbon dioxide through capillary and air sac walls into the blood. C. diffusion of oxygen through the air sac and capillary walls into the blood. D. exchange of alveoli and oxygen within air sacs. E. none o

25、f the above. 3.2 (b) While air is in the lungs, it changes In the following way:GENERALIZATION A. nitrogen is absorbed from the air. B. about one-fifth of the carbon dioxide and about one-half of the oxygen in the air goes into the blood. C. the moisture in the air is almost completely evaporated. D

26、 about one-fifth of the oxygen in the air goes into the blood and an equivalent amount of carbon dioxide enters the air from the blood. E. none of the above changes are correct.3.3 The number of times per minute that you breathe isDETAIL A. independent of your rate of exercise. B. fixed at twenty-t

27、wo times per minute. C. influenced by your age and sex. D. controlled automatically by an unspecified body mechanism. E. dependent upon the amount of fresh air available to you at any given time.3.5 The process by which carbon dioxide and oxygen are transferred does not depend on CONCLUSION A. the p

28、resence of nitrogen in the blood. B. the muscles of the thoracic cavity. C. the flow of blood, D. the moisture in the air sac linings. E. the process of diffusion.3.7 The authors style in this passage can best be described asTONE A. informal and matter of fact. B. pedantic. C. impersonal. D. matter

29、of fact. E. personal.Passage 4Another thing to remember in connection with concrete is that you are not allowed very much leeway for errors in either measurements or location. Once you have a solid mass of concrete set in place, it is going to stay there. You have a difficult job ahead of you if you

30、 try to remedy a mistake. Make very sure, before you fill the form, that everything is where and how you want it.There are numerous rules regarding the proper mixing, handling, and finishing of concrete, but the essential one concerns the amount of water to use. The less water in the mix, the less t

31、he finished job will shrink. The less water used, the harder and more enduring the job after it has set.The amateur concrete worker is plagued with two desires. One is to use enough water to have the concrete nice and soft and easy to push around. You have been warned against that. The second is to

32、take off the wooden forms too early, to see what the job looks like. That is really fatal. If the forms are stripped off too soon, while the concrete is still green, two things are likely to happen - you are almost sure to break off corners or edges, and you are likely to cause a major crack or defe

33、ct in the body of the work. An excellent rule is to wait until you are sure the concrete is properly hardened, and then wait another day before removing the forms. Questions for Passage 44.1 The best title for this selection would be:SUBJECT MATTER A. Rules for Working with Concrete. B. Concrete and

34、 Its Uses. C. Concrete, the Homeowners Joy. D. Concrete, a Test of Character. E. How to Finish Concrete.4.2 Two of the main thoughts in this passage are (1) preparation of forms for the concrete must be thorough, and (2) forms must be allowed to remain on long enough. The third main idea is GENERALI

35、ZATION A. taking off forms beforehand will probably cause a crack in the body of the work. B. trying to make changes after concrete has been poured is not recommended. C. mixing concrete properly will make it very hard and strong. D. keeping concrete from shrinking as much as possible is desirable.

36、E. using as little water as possible is recommended.4.4 In mixing concrete, one of the desires the amateur must resist is toSIGNIFICANCE A. break off a corner to see if the “green has gone. B. leave the form on too long. C. strip off the forms a day after the concrete has properly hardened. D. use t

37、oo much water. E. use too little water.4.5 A human quality apparently not essential in someone who works with concrete is CONCLUSION A. carefulness. B. patience. C. self-control. D. sense of spatial relations. E. inventiveness.4.8 By the concrete being too green, the author means that the concrete h

38、as VOCABULARY A. become discolored because of its contact with the wooden forms. B. become cracked. C. not yet cured. D. not dried out. E. not settled in place. 4.9 In instructing the reader in the intricacies of working with concrete, the author COMMUNICATION A. gives specific instances of concrete

39、 work that went wrong.TECHNIQUE B. allows the reader to find the solution to the problem from his own experience. C. overstates the dire consequences of an error. D. presents each problem and gives its solution. E. understates the things that may go wrong.Passage 5By learning the life cycle of insec

40、ts, scientists have found ways to control insect pests. The scientists who study insects are called entomologists. Entomologists discover what an insect is like in each stage of its development, where it lives, and what it eats. From these facts, a plan for controlling the insect can often be worked

41、 out. For example, the eggs of the stalk borer are laid on the stems of wild plants in late summer and stay there all winter. They hatch in May or June, and then the larvae bore into the stems of the wild plants. Later, the larvae move on to cultivated plants, where they again bore into the stems. In August the larvae become pupae in the stems of the cultivated plants. About three weeks later, they come out as adults and lay their eggs on wild plants. Burning the wild plants in late autumn or early spring greatly reduces the number of stalk