04高考英语完形填空高分技巧精品学案-思维导图破解高中英语完形填空及真题演练.docx
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1、 高考完型填空高分技巧目录高考完型填空高分技巧1一、单词不认识怎么办?11、文中单词不认识12、 题干上的单词不认识2二、解题核心思维:任何一个题目必有依据。2三、词性解题法3四、篇章结构解题法181、文章U型结构解题182、 分段首句出题19五、特殊句型解题法19六、答案检查大法201、答案均分规律202、答案相连概率213、 反义选项二选一21一、单词不认识怎么办?1、文中单词不认识 动词不认识: 翻译成“搞、整、弄、干”名词不认识:翻译成“东西”形容词、副词不认识:直接划掉( 这3个必须认识,否定词hardly/rarely/sedom几乎不) 2、 题干上的单词不认识 一个单词不认识,
2、三个单词认识:先从三个单词中选择,如果百分百确定不是这三个单词,就用排除法:选择那个不认识的单词。 两个单词不认识,两个单词认识:原理同上。二、解题核心思维:任何一个题目必有依据。【解题过程】每一句都必须读,都必须翻译,解题点在没有划线的句子里。没有出题的完整句子,一定有某道题的线索。完型填空的答案受“滞后原则”的影响,简答案,可以先填,拿不准可以先放下,看到后面关键信息,可能才能解题!(换句话说,任何题目都有一个通用解法:前后呼应;其中段落首句出题和名词题,先放一放再解题的可能性最大)【解题原理】倪萍逻辑今年的春节联欢晚会突出了 的主题。A. 喜庆 B.团圆 C.团聚 D.联欢【消除解惑】为
3、什么选A不选B?l 因为A有线索和依据,而B没有。l 因为A的线索和依据比B多。【解题思维训练】使用箭头标记法【例句1】2018江苏卷Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a journey, they caught sight of an old hikers (徒步旅行者) guide. A. bus B. walking C.rail D.business【解析】考查名词。根据下文徒步旅行者可知,他们想要来一段徒步旅行。business商业,walking行走、徒步,bus公交车,rail铁路。故答案选B。【例句2
4、2015安徽卷Thanks to modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and6. A.safe B.funny C.cheap D.powerful【解析】考查形容词辨析。A安全的 B滑稽的 C便宜的 D 强有力的 根据“inexpensively可知,成本降低的话,产品价格相对也会降低。 选C【例3】2014重庆卷In Asia, one also be cauti
5、ous about expressing emotions. Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly. In some countries it is _35_ to kiss in public. A. natural B. advisable C. unwise D. unnecessary【解析】考察形容词辨析以及上下文理解。A自然的;B明智的,可取的;C不明智的;D不必的;本段讨论的是在一些国家里要很谨慎地表示自己的情感。那么亲吻也是不明智的,因为这也是一个表示情感的方法。故C正确。蒙题法或检查大法:BC是反义
6、选项二选一。三、词性解题法动词题方法总述方法一:看主语,看并列,看搭配 方法二:前后呼应1、动词题方法一(1) 看主语:看主语是人or 物 ,此主语能不能发出这个动作?(2) 看宾语:宾语是人or 物 ,宾语能不能承受这个动作 (难点:宾语从句,可以看翻译,也可以看时态) (3)看搭配:看需要及物动词还是不及物动词,判断的依据是横线后有没有介词。【例1】2019全国1 I _(16) twelve shades of green from where I stand. A.match B.imagine C.count D.add【解析】作者站的地方,就能“数出”12种不同的“绿色”。shad
7、e是指颜色的“浓淡深浅”。后面的“twelve shades. ”对应选C项count(数.的数目)。 【例2】2019全国1However, I soon5that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of6among tons of rubbish. A. discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate【解析】考查动词辨析。A. discover发现;B. argue争论;C. decide决定;D. advocate提倡。句意:然而,我很快发现,自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报
8、道出现以来,情况发生了很大的变化。由 much has changed 可知,作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。【例3】2017年全国2Each day, 27 kids “The Thinking Laboratory.”A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran【解析】考查上下文联系。根据空格前的teaching elementary school以及空格后的Room 104可知,是进入了(enter)这个房间。build建造;decorate装饰;run跑。方法二:前后呼应:如果前面的方法都不能解题,就用“前后呼应”解题。【例4】2014重庆卷In
9、some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is 33 , especially if you are a woman.So leave your tom jeans at home. A. forbidden B. allowed C. expected D. tolerated【解析】A 考察动词词义辨析和上下文串联。A禁止;B允许;C期待;D容忍;句意:在一些中东国家,暴露皮肤是禁止的,尤其是女性。根据句意可知A正确。蒙题法或检查大法:AB是反义选项二选一。【例5】2018年浙江卷When I got into college,
10、things _40_. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all.40.A. happenedB. repeatedC. changedD. mattered【解析】考查动词。根据下文I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.可知,作者上大学后发现自己上午没课,与中学时情况大不一样,故应为changed。因此选C。难点1:双主语和双宾语【例6】2010年山东卷Excitement and family members_1_the
11、hall. A. filled B. visited C.decorated D. attended【解析】本句句意应为 家人们挤满了演出大厅,大厅里充满了兴奋的情绪 ,表示 充满、挤满 用filled。【例7】2010北京卷Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also16a strong interest and a world I hadnt known existed.A.developed B.discovered C.took D.fostered考察动词。发现了一项爱好和一个未知的
12、世界,选discovered. 迷惑项是developed , 这个词可以与interest 连用表示形成了某种爱好,但是不可以与world连用表示形成一个未知世界,故排除。Take interest 取利,foster 培养,均不合适。难点2::过程和结果的区别l manage和其它词(如try attempt)l persuade和其它词(如advise suggest demand)l find和其它词(seek search look for)【例8】2014年新课标二Joe _33_ into a large crevasse(裂缝)in the ice below. He had
13、no food or water and he was in terrible pain. .Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joes voice. . Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped 【解析】A. 考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. managed管理; B. planned 计划;C. waited 等待;D. hoped 希望。从下文可知Joe成功的爬回
14、营地,活了下来。【例9】2014年安徽卷Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I 38 to catch a taxi to my accommodation and settle in. A intended B.promised C.managed D.deserved【解析】考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是:A.打算,意图,B.答应,许诺,C.设法,管理,D.值得,应该得到,根据上文的:Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring:可知到达这个阳光之州是非常疲劳的,
15、但是我还是设法赶上了一辆出租车,到我的目的地,安定下来,manage to do设法成功的做了,所以选C。【例10】2014福建卷When he retired three years ago, he _46_ his church music director to take him as a student.For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard,.46A.allowedBinvitedCinspiredDpersuaded 【解析】他说服教堂音乐主管收他为学生。persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事
16、Allowed允许;invited邀请; inspired 鼓舞;persuaded说服。【例11】2010江苏卷She changed many things. She9my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors.A.begged B.persuaded C.ordered D.invited【解析】选B继母把我父亲说服了去上一个牙科学校。名词题方法总述方法一:前后呼应(90%)方法二:修饰成分(10%)做名词题的优先级:先看修饰成分;再看前后呼应。2、名词题方法一、前后呼应 (90%)文中
17、看到the apple, 呼应点在前面。(根据a和the的呼应关系)横线的前面,即名词前没有a,也没有the,呼应点可以前,可以后。【例1】2019年全国1卷This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as (13) go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. A.scientists B. climbers C.locals D. officials考查名词复现。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山,也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B项climbers入选。【例
18、2】2014山东卷【解析】There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. One day a 1 walked in and the parrot said to the man ,“Hey you!” The man said, “What!?” The parrot said, “Your wife is really ugly.”A. group B. team C. couple D. crowd 【解析】考查推断。从后文your wife.可知答案选couple.【例3】2018天津卷I learned this lesson fr
19、om a(n) _17_ many years ago. I took the head coaching job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show【解析】考查名词。根据句意,许多年前,我从一个经历里学到这个道理。A为实验,B为经历,C拜访,D节目。因此选B。【例4】2017全国2卷In 1973, I was teaching elementary school.Each
20、 day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Laboratory.”That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull . A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan【解析】考查上文语境。根据空格前的The Think Laboratory 可知这是Room 104的名字(name)。rule规则;brand品牌;plan计划。方法二、修饰成分(相关成分)10% (+介词短语) (+to do/ doing/ done) (+定语从句)【例
21、5】2018全国3卷The post has since gained the _60_ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.A. sympathyB. attentionC. controlD. trust【解析】根据receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days可知,这个帖子收到了来自世界各地很多人的分享和点赞
22、帖子获得了很多的关注,因此选attention。故选B。【例6】2018全国1卷.the absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions . A fact B step C manner D skill【解析】考查名词辨析。fact事实;step脚步;manner礼仪;skill技巧。根据句意,你在下棋的时候学会的最重要的技巧是如何做出好的抉择。故答案选D。3、形容词、副词形副方法总述方法一:感情色彩一致性方法二:前后呼应做形容词副词题的优先级:先扫一眼选项
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