2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库及模拟押密卷70含答案解析.docx
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1、2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库及模拟押密卷(含答案解析)1. 单选题Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of ( )standards.问题1选项A.equivalentB.alikeC.uniformD.likely【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。equivalent “等价的”; alike “相同的”;uniform “统一的,一致的”;likely “很可能的”。句意:虽然他们服务好,但大多数小旅馆要比同等级水准的宾馆便宜。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题There is no
2、easy solution to Japans labor( ) .问题1选项A.declineB.vacancyC.rarityD.shortage【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。decline “下降”;vacancy “空缺,空白”;rarity “罕见;珍品”;shortage “缺少”。句意:日本劳动力不足的问题很难解决。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题Her interest in redecorating the big house kept her ( )for a whole week.问题1选项A.constrainedB.dominatedC.restrictedD.oc
3、cupied【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。constrained “被强迫的”;dominated “占主导地位的”;restricted “受限制的;occupied “使用中的;无空闲的”。句意:她热衷于给这个大房子重新装修,为此她会忙碌整个星期。选项D符合题意。4. 单选题Some people ( )avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.问题1选项A.violentlyB.enthusiasticallyC.sincerelyD.deliberately【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。
4、violently “猛烈地”;enthusiastically “热心地”;sincerely “诚挚地”;deliberately “故意地”。句意:有些人有意回避对错的问题,或对此保持中立。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” Mo
5、re often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about other
6、s in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed persons behavior with the known others behavior; observing a perso
7、n in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the persons responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contac
8、t with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-questions, self-disclosures (自我表露),and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use
9、 to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we wont ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets
10、and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically (讽刺性地),those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as tho
11、se things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g., disclosures and truthful statements).1.The word “pinpoint”(Para. 1,Line 3) basically means( ) .2.What do we learn from the first paragraph?3.It can be inferred from Bergers suggestions that( ) .4.In developing personal relat
12、ionships, secrets and deceptions, in the authors opinion, are( )5.The authors purpose in writing the passage is( ) .问题1选项A.appreciateB.obtainC.interpretD.identify问题2选项A.People are better described in cold, objective terms.B.The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated.C.One s
13、hould not judge people by their appearances.D.One is usually subjective when assessing other peoples personality.问题3选项A.People do not reveal their true self on every occasion.B.in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly -C.the best way to know a person is by making compari
14、sons.D.face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person问题4选项A.personal matters that should be seriously dealt withB.barriers that should be done away withC.as significant as disclosures and truthful statementsD.things people should guard against问题5选项A.to give advic
15、e on appropriate conduct for social occasionsB.to provide ways of how to obtain information about peopleC.to call the readers attention to the negative side of peoples charactersD.to discuss the various aspects of getting to know people【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.根据上下文可推断 pinpoint 的意思与perceiv
16、e “了解,认知”相似。第一段提到pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters深入内心确定他的态度、情感、动机、能力、想法和性格。所以选项D符合题意。2.第一段最后一句we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance 提到人们常常以为短短几秒钟就能够了解他人,然而事实却远非这样,这显然是低估了了解他人的难
17、度。所以选项B符合题意。3.Berger建议了几种了解他人的方法,但是仅从一个方面去了解他人是行不通的,因为大部分人都在不断改,而我们用来获得信息的这些方法不够精确(getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise),选项A符合题意。4.文章最后一句话提到对于建议一段良好的人际关系而言,他人的秘密和欺骗与他人的自我表露和实话一样
18、重要,这非常具有讽刺意味。选项C符合题意。5.文章主要讨论了了解他人的不同方面,如:识人的困难、方法及隐瞒和欺骗的积极方面等。所以选项D符合题意。6. 单选题We ( )Edisons success to his intelligence and hard work.问题1选项A.subjectB.attributeC.oweD.refer【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。subject to “使服从”;attribute to “把归因于”;owe to “归功于”;refer to “参考,涉及”。句意:我们把爱迪生的成功归因于他的聪明和努力。选项B符合题意。7. 单选题It is
19、through learning that the individual( ) many habitual ways of reacting tosituations.问题1选项A.retainsB.gainsC.achievesD.acquires【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。retain “保持”;gain “获得”,指通过努力获得自己想要的东西;achieve “收获,获得”,指凭借长期的努力实现自己的目标;acquire “获得”,指通过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等。通过分析,选项D符合题意。8. 单选题A window in the kitchen was( ) ; ther
20、e was rubbish everywhere and the curtains andcarpets had been stolen.问题1选项A.scrapedB.smashedC.scratchedD.scattered【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Scrape “刮,擦”;smash “猛击”;scratch “抓”;scatter “散落”。句意:厨房的一扇窗户被砸碎了,垃圾散落一地,窗帘和地毯被偷走了。选项B符合题意。9. 单选题The girl was ( )a shop assistant; she is now a manager in a large departm
21、ent.问题1选项A.preliminarilyB.presumablyC.formallyD.formerly【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。Preliminarily “初步地”;presumably “大概,推测起来”;formally “正式地”;formerly “以前,原来”。句意:这个女孩之前是商店的助理,现在是一个大部门的经理。选项D符合题意。10. 单选题I didnt sent out my application form last week, but I( ).问题1选项A.had toB.should haveC.would doD.might have to【答
22、案】C【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意:我上周没有发申请表格,但是我本来应该发的。选项C符合题意。11. 翻译题E-mail is now one the fastest ways to gain or lose potential customers because of the ability to deliver information fast to an enormous amount of people. After sending a small you are no longer in control of the effects of the message and can
23、only wait in suspense.An employee of your company started off his/her day in a bad mood. A potential customer emails them with a trivial question and they reply with a brash (无礼的)tone. Do you think the recipient will use your company? On the Internet word travels fast. It takes me 3 minutes to send
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