ISO 20423 2025.docx

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1、InternationalStandardISO20423Firstedition2025-06Carbonfootprintforseafood一Productcategoryrules(CFP-PCR)formacroalgaeEmpreintecarbonedesfruitsdemerRegiesdedefinitiondescategoriesdeproduit(CFP-PCR)pourlesmacroalguesReferencenumberISO20423:2025(en)COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENTISO2025Allrightsreserved.Unle

2、ssotherwisespecified,orrequiredinthecontextofitsimplementation,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorutilizedotherwiseinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,orpostingontheinternetoranintranet,withoutpriorwrittenpermission.PermissioncanberequestedfromeitherISOattheaddres

3、sbeloworISO,smemberbodyinthecountryoftherequester.ISOcopyrightofficeCP401Ch.deBlandonnet8CH-1214Vernier,GenevaPhone:+41227490111Email:copyrightiso.orgWebsite:www.iso.orgPublishedinSwitzerlandPageContentsForewordvIntroduction.vi1 Scope12 Normativereferences13 Termsanddefinitions13.1 Quantificationoft

4、hecarbonfootprintofaproduct13.2 Products,productsystemsandprocesses23.3 Dataanddataquality53.4 Greenhousegases53.5 Waste,storageandtransport.54 Calculationandcommunicationrequirements.65 Methodologicalrequirements6.234O.5,6,7,89,1Functionalunitordeclaredunit6Principlesofdataandmethodologicalreportin

5、g7Systemboundaries75.4.1 General.75.4.2 Thecut-offcriterion:Generalruleforwhatcanbeexcludedfromthecarbonfootprint85.4.3 Generalprocessesthatcanbeexcluded95.4.4 Systemboundariesforwaste95.4.5 Useofrecycledmaterials95.4.6 Capitalinvestments95.4.7 Systemboundariesforfarming95.4.8 Systemboundariesforhar

6、vesting105.4.9 Systemboundariesforprocessing115.4.10 Systemboundariesfordistributiontodealers125.4.11 Systemboundariesforfinalconsumption13Datarequirements135.5.1 General135.5.2 Rulesfordatasampling145.5.3 Dataonelectricity145.5.4 Dataonfuel145.5.5 Geographicaldelimitation145.5.6 Timedelimitation145

7、5.7 Validationofdata145.5.8 Transportcalculationrules14Allocation15Impactassessment15Interpretation15Fossilandbiogeniccarbon16Communicationofcarbonfootprintsformacroalgae165.10.1 General165.10.2 Detailsabouttheproducer16AnnexA(informative)Exampleofdatacollectioninthecalculationofthecarbonfootprinto

8、fmacroalgaeproducts.17AnnexB(informative)Additionalinformationforfarmingnutrientsaccountingthroughelementalmassbalancesofmacroalgae18Annex C (informative)Exampleofmassallocationforkelpco-productprocessing21Annex D (informative)ExampleofLCAdriedPorphyrayezoensisvalue-chainmodelling22Annex E (informat

9、ive)ExampleofLCAgroundseaweedvalue-chainmodelling2425Bibliography.ForewordISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISOmemberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnicalcommittees.Eachmemberbodyintere

10、stedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,inliaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnic

11、alstandardization.TheproceduresusedtodevelopthisdocumentandthoseintendedforitsfurthermaintenancearedescribedintheISO/IECDirectives,Part1.Inparticular,thedifferentapprovalcriterianeededforthedifferenttypesofISOdocumentshouldbenoted.ThisdocumentwasdraftedinaccordancewiththeeditorialrulesoftheISO/IECDi

12、rectives,Part2(seeWWW.iso.org/directives).ISOdrawsattentiontothepossibilitythattheimplementationofthisdocumentmayinvolvetheuseof（八）patent(三).ISOtakesnopositionconcerningtheevidence,validityorapplicabilityofanyclaimedpatentrightsinrespectthereof.Asofthedateofpublicationofthisdocument,ISOhadnotreceive

13、dnoticeof（八）patent(三)whichmayberequiredtoimplementthisdocument.However,implementersarecautionedthatthismaynotrepresentthelatestinformation,whichmaybeobtainedfromthepatentdatabaseavailableatWWW.iso.org/patents.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.Anytradenameusedinthisdo

14、cumentisinformationgivenfortheconvenienceofusersanddoesnotconstituteanendorsement.Foranexplanationofthevoluntarynatureofstandards,themeaningofISOspecifictermsandexpressionsrelatedtoconformityassessment,aswellasinformationaboutISOsadherencetotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTo)principlesintheTechnicalBarri

15、erstoTrade(TBT),seewww.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmLThisdocumentwaspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC234,Fisheriesandaquaculture.Anyfeedbackorquestionsonthisdocumentshouldbedirectedtotheusersnationalstandardsbody.Acompletelistingofthesebodiescanbefoundatwww.iso.org/members.html.IntroductionWiththeincrea

16、singlyseriousglobalclimateproblem,thelow-carbonrevolutionofglobalizationisrising,andcarbonpeakingandcarbonneutralityhavebecomeimportantgoalsofgloballow-carbondevelopment.Countriesallovertheworldareactivelycarryingoutdoublecarbonresearchtoachievethegoalofcarbonneutralityassoonaspossible.Asanimportant

17、participantintheoceancarboncycle,algaecansynthesizeorganicmatterthroughphotosynthesisandreleaseoxygentoachievecarbonsequestration,soitisofgreatsignificancetostudyitscarbonfootprint.Thisdocumentcontainsproductcategoryrulesforthecalculationandcommunicationofthecarbonfootprintofmacroalgaeproducts,provi

18、dingaconvenientandfeasiblecarbonfootprintevaluationbasisforthemacroalgaefarmingindustry.Thisdocumentsetsoutrulesforthecalculationandcommunicationoffarmedmacroalgaeproducts,whichareapplicabletotheevaluationofthecarbonfootprintoftheentirevaluechainoffarmedmacroalgae.Themethodologyisbasedontherequireme

19、ntsofthelifecycleassessmentandInternationalStandardsforthecarbonfootprintofproducts.Theoverarchingaimofthedocumentistoprovideabasisforreliableandaccurateinformationabouttheclimateimpactoftheproduct.Itisapre-conditionforamarket-drivenreductionofclimateimpactofmacroalgaeproductsthatdealersandconsumers

20、areabletochoosetheproductswiththeleastclimateimpact.Inadditiontothis,thedocumentwillprovide:一abasisforthedevelopmentoftoolsanddatabaseforcalculatingthecarbonfootprintofmacroalgaeproducts; abasisforinternalimprovementeffortsinthemacroalgaeindustry; animprovedknowledgebaseconcerningthevaluechainsofmac

21、roalgaeproducts,theirresourceconsumptionandclimateimpacts; abasisforfurtherunderstandingtheenvironmentalimpactofmacroalgaeproductsbeyondclimatechangealone.Thisdocumentisintendedtofunctioninlinewithordinarymarketmechanisms.Providingcredibleandtransparentinformationabouttheproductsclimateimpactwillpav

22、ethewayforincreaseddemandandmarketvalueofthemostclimate-friendlymacroalgaeproducts.Itwillalsoprovideincentivestodrivefurtherimprovementsandreduceenergyconsumptionandclimateimpactsfromalllinksinmacroalgaevaluechains.Thisdocumentpromotesthetransformationoftheglobalfisheryindustrystructureandtheinnovat

23、ivedevelopmentoflow-carbontechnology,whichcancontributetorealizingtheconstructionoflow-carbonfisheryandincreasingthecarbonsinkoffishery,thusmakingduecontributiontothegloballow-carbondevelopment.CarbonfootprintforseafoodProductcategoryrules(CFP-PCR)formacroalgae1 ScopeThisdocumentspecifiesrequirement

24、sforcalculatingthecarbonfootprintspecifictofarmedmacroalgaeproductcategoryrules(CFP-PCR).ThismethodologybuildsontherequirementsofInternationalStandardsforlifecycleassessment(LCA)andproductscarbonfootprints.Thisdocumentisapplicabletothecalculationandcommunicationoffarmedmacroalgaeproductscarbonfootpr

25、intsfromseedlingproductiontotheconsumptionofmacroalgaeproducts.Itisapplicabletothecarbonfootprintsofproductsfromaquaculturevaluechains.Thisdocumentusedalonedoesnotapplytospecifyingaproductsoverallenvironmentalorsustainabilitycharacteristics.2 NormativereferencesThefollowingdocumentsarereferredtointh

26、etextinsuchawaythatsomeoralloftheircontentconstitutesrequirementsofthisdocument.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.ISO14026:2017,EnvironmentallabelsanddeclarationsPrinciples,requirementsandguidelin

27、esforcommunicationoffootprintinformationISO14040,EnvironmentalmanagementLifecycleassessmentPrinciplesandframeworkISO14044,EnvironmentalmanagementLifecycleassessmentRequirementsandguidelinesISO14067:2018,GreenhousegasesCarbonfootprintofproducts-Requirementsandguidelinesforquantification3 Termsanddefi

28、nitionsForthepurposesofthisdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply.ISOandIECmaintainterminologydatabasesforuseinstandardizationatthefollowingaddresses:ISOOnlinebrowsingplatform:availableathttps:WWW.iso.orgobp一IECElectropedia:availableathttps:WWWeleCtrOPediaQrg3.1 Quantificationofthecarbonfootp

29、rintofaproduct3.1.1carbonfootprintofaproductCFPsumofgreenhousegas(GHG)3.4.1)emissionsandGHGremovalsinaproductsystem(3214),expressedasCO2equivalents(3.1.2)andbasedonalifecycleassessmentusingthesingleimpactcategoryofclimatechangeSOURCE:ISO14067:2018,3.1.1.1,modifiedNotes1and2toentrydeleted.3.1.2carbon

30、dioxideequivalentCOequivalentCOeunitforcomparingtheradiativeforcingofagreenhousegas(3.4.1)tothatofcarbondioxideNote1toentry:MassofaGHGisconvertedintoCOequivalentsbymultiplyingthemassoftheGHGbythecorrespondingglobalwarmingpotential(GWP)orglobaltemperaturechangepotential(GTP)ofthatgas.Note2toentry:Int

31、hecaseofGTP,COequivalentistheunitforcomparingthechangeinglobalmeansurfacetemperaturecausedbyaGHGtothetemperaturechangecausedbyCO2withinacertaintime(usually100years).Note3toentry:RadiativeforcingreferstodifferencebetweenincomingsolarradiationontheEarthandoutgoingthermalradiationfromtheEarth.Apositive

32、radiativeforcingtendstowarmthesurfaceandanegativeradiativeforcingtendstocoolthesurface.SOURCE:ISO14067:2018,3.1.2.2,modified11withinacertaintime(usually100years)addedtoNote2toentry.Note3toentryadded.3.1.3partialcarbonfootprintofaproductpartialCFPsumofgreenhousegas(GHG)3.4.1)emissionsandGHGremovalsof

33、oneormoreselectedprocess(es)inaproductsystem(3.2.14),expressedasCOequivalents(3.1.2)andbasedontheselectedstagesorprocesseswithinthelifecycle(3.2.11)Note1toentry:ApartialCFPisbasedonorcompiledfromdatarelatedto（八）specificprocess(es)orfootprintinformationmodules,whichis(are)partofaproductsystemandcanfo

34、rmthebasisforquantificationofaCFP.MoredetailedinformationoninformationmodulesisgiveninISO14025:2006,5.4.Note2toentry:FootprintinformationmodulesisdefinedinISO14026:2017,3.1.4.Note3toentry:TheresultsofthequantificationofthepartialCFParedocumentedintheCFPstudyreportexpressedinmassofCO2equivalentperdec

35、laredunitC3.2.15).SOURCE:ISO14067:2018,3.1.1.23.2 Products,productsystemsandprocesses3.2.1productanygoodsorserviceSOURCE:ISO14050:2020,3.5.23.2.2productcategorygroupofproducts(3.2.1)thathaveanequivalentfunction3.2.3primaryproductprimaryoutputOfcommercialvaluefromaproductionprocessSOURCE:ISO22948:202

36、0,3.2.33.2.4by-productsecondaryoutputfromaprocess,butofcommercialvalue,thatisproducedinadditiontoadefinedprimaryproduct(3.2.3)SOURCE:ISO22948:2020,3.2.43.2.5intermediategoodsrawmaterialsorsemi-finishedgoods,whichmayberecycledorrecovered,thatarefedintotheproductsystem(3.2.14)SOURCE:ISO22948:2020,3.2.

37、53.2.6capitalgoodsproducts(3.2.1)thatarenotusedupinconsumptionorproductionoverabriefperiodbutthatretaintheirfunctionoveralongertime3.2.7seafoodfood,ofwhichasignificantproportionofthecontentderivesdirectlyfromanimalsorplantsthatliveinthesea7lakesorwatercoursesSOURCE:ISO22948:2020,3.2.73.2.8algaelarge

38、groupofsingle-ormulti-cellulareukaryoticorganisms,whichusuallycontainchlorophyllorotherpigmentsNote1toentry:Algaeareusuallyaquaticandcapableofphotosynthesis.SOURCE:ISO6107:202L3.213.2.9macroalgaemacroscopiceukaryoticpluricellularorganismscomposedofsingledifferentiatedcellsabletoobtainenergyusingchro

39、mophoresNote1toentry:MacroalgaemainlyincludeRhodophyta,PhaeophytaandChlorophyta.Commonmacroalgaearekelp,laver,wakame,gulfweed,ulva,etc.SOURCE:EN17399:2020,3.24,modifiedNote1toentryadded.3.2.10edibleproductquantityofmacroalgaeandmacroalgaeproducts(321)asavailableforsalefromaretailer,excludingpackagin

40、g3.2.11lifecycleconsecutiveandinterlinkedstagesofaproductsystem(3.2.14),fromrawmaterialacquisitionorgenerationfromnaturalresourcestofinaldisposalSOURCE:ISO14040:2006,3.13.2.12valuechainrangeofactivitiesorpartiesthatcreateorreceivevalueintheformofproducts(3.2.1)orservices3.2.13carbonfootprintofaprodu

41、ct-productcategoryrulesCFP-PCRsetofspecificrules,requirementsandguidelinesforCFP(3.1.1)orpartialCFP(3.1.3)quantificationandcommunicationforoneormoreproductcategories(322)SOURCE:ISO14067:2018,3.1.1.10,modifiedNotes1and2toentrydeleted.3.2.14productsystemcollectionofunitprocesseswithelementaryandproduc

42、tflows,performingoneormoredefinedfunctions,andwhichmodelsthelifecycle(3.2.10ofaproduct(3.2.1)SOURCE:ISO14040:2006,3.283.2.15declaredunitquantityofaproduct(3.2.1)foruseasareferenceunitinthequantificationofapartialcarbonfootprintofaproduct(CFP)3.1.3)EXAMPLEMass(1kgofprimarysteel),volume(1m3ofcrudeoil)

43、SOURCE:ISO14067:2018,3.1.3.83.2.16functionalunitquantifiedperformanceofaproductsystem(3.2.14foruseasareferenceunitNote1toentry:Asthecarbonfootprintofaproduct(CFP)(3.1.1)treatsinformationonaproduct(3.2.1)basis,anadditionalcalculationbasedonadeclaredunit(3215)canbepresented.SOURCE:ISO14067:2018,3.1.3

44、73.2.17allocationpartitioningtheinputoroutputowsofaprocessoraproductsystem(3.2.14betweentheproductsystemunderstudyandoneormoreotherproductsystemsSOURCE:ISO14040:2006,3.173.2.18energycarriersubstanceofphenomenathatcanbeusedtoproducemechanicalworkorheat,ortooperatechemicalorphysicalprocessesSOURCE:IS

45、O16818:2008,3.753.2.19harvestingprocessoftakingsometechnicalmeasurestocollectmacroalgaefromnaturalwatersorcultivationfacilityandcarryingback3.2.20refrigerantuidusedforheattransferinarefrigeratingsystem,whichabsorbsheatatalowtemperatureandalowpressureofthefluid,andrejectsitatahighertemperatureandahig

46、herpressureofthefluidusuallyinvolvingchangesofthephaseofthefluidNote1toentry:RefrigerantsarelistedinISO817.SOURCE:ISO5149-1:2014,3.7.93.2.21cut-offcriterionspecificationoftheamountofmaterialorenergyfloworthelevelofenvironmentalsignificanceassociatedwithunitprocessesorproductsystem(3.2.14)tobeexclude

47、dfromthestudySOURCE:ISO14040:2006,3.183.3 Dataanddataquality3.3.1 primarydataquantifiedvalueofaprocessoranactivityobtainedfromadirectmeasurementoracalculationbasedondirectmeasurementsNote1toentry:Primarydataneednotnecessarilyoriginatefromtheproductsystem(3214)understudybecauseprimarydatacouldrelatetoadifferentbutcomparableproductsystemtothatbeingstudied.SOURCE:ISO14064-1:2018,322,modifiedNote1toentryreplaced.3.3.2 secondarydatadataobtainedfromsourcesotherthanprimarydata(3.3.1)Note1toentry:Suchsourcescanincludedatabasesandpublishedliteraturevalidatedbycompete