2022年考博英语-中国海洋大学考试题库及模拟押密卷72含答案解析.docx

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1、2022年考博英语-中国海洋大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题（ ）deserves the award will certainly get it.问题1选项A.Who we thinkB.Whoever we thinkC.Whoever we think ofD.Whoever do we think【答案】B【解析】句意:我们认为,不管谁应得这个奖品,他一定会得到。语法题。考查主语从句引导词。分析题干可知空格处为主语从句, whoever引导主语从句时，其意义相当于“anyone who”，“we think”在这里充当插入语,故B正确。2. 单选题E-mail is

2、a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying messages that （ ）well to human needs.问题1选项A.conformsB.adheresC.reflectsD.satisfies【答案】B【解析】句意:电子邮件是一种方便的、非常大众化的非正式信息传递媒介,它很符合人类的需求。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的三单形式。Conform符合,遵照,常与介词to或with连用; adhere遵守,坚持,粘附; reflect反映,反射,反省; satisfy使满意,满足,可作及物动词。故B

3、项无论从语义还是从搭配上都符合题干要求。3. 单选题Mary wanted to turn natural history into a science that would （ ）physics and chemistry.问题1选项A.be the same asB.rank withC.be at issueD.take on【答案】B【解析】句意:玛丽想要将自然历史变成与物理和化学并列的一门学科。考查短语辨析。be the same as与相同; rank with 与并列; be at issue争论不休; take on承担，呈现，接纳，雇用。故B符合句意。4. 单选题The ma

4、n over there is （ ）our principal.问题1选项A.no other butB.no one thanC.no other thanD.one other than【答案】D【解析】句意:那个男人正是我们的首长。考查短语辨析。no other than和none other than都有“正是”的意思，但none other than语气更强，还表示“惊奇、赞美、强调等语气”,故选D。5. 单选题The Queens visit to China was largely（ ） . But it ended an unhappy chapter in the rela

5、tionship.问题1选项A.syntheticB.representativeC.internationalD.symbolic【答案】D【解析】句意:女王访问中国在很大程度上是象征性的，但它却导致双方的关系出现了不愉快的篇章。考查形容词辨析。Synthetic合成的,人造的,综合的; representative代表的,典型的; international 国际的,世界性的; symbolic象征的。But表转折,可知前后句子应该为对比或相反,因此D符合句意。6. 单选题This（ ） girl is Toms cousin.问题1选项A.pretty little AmericanB.

6、American pretty littleC.American little prettyD.little American pretty【答案】A【解析】句意:这位漂亮的美国小女孩是Tom的表妹。语法题。考查形容词排列顺序。pretty属于“描绘性形容词”，little属于“表示大小、长短、高低的形容词”，American属于“表示国籍的形容词”。在修饰 名词时，这三类形容词的顺序为描绘性形容词、表示大小、长短、高低的形容 词、表示国籍的形容词。故A符合此顺序。7. 单选题When British voters go to the polls during General Election

7、s to decide who will govern them, they usually have a choice of at least three candidates who will each represent one of the three main political parties in Britain today.The Labor Party is the party of the left, the Tory or Conservative Party represents the right and between the two, with politics

8、and opinions of its own. is the smaller Liberal Party.Britain is divided into over 600 political units known as “constituencies，each with its own candidates who stand for Parliament hoping to be elected (or re-elected) with large majorities. The cities and large towns are themselves divided into con

9、stituencies and they also choose the Members of Parliament (MPs) who will represent their views in the Houses of Parliament at Westminster. Here, in the House, the government of the day led by its Prime Minister and his Cabinet - a team of specially selected ministers carries out its duties of gover

10、ning the country. Various proposals are put forward for debate and discussion and these may, eventually, become part of the law of the land. The government in office has to face the criticism of the other parties which are in opposition. This is the sort of democratic process that the majority of Br

11、itish people seem to favor. Her Majestys Government is watched over by Her Majestys Opposition, and thus a certain balance of power is maintained. Decisions are made by a majority vote and this, of course, is where the other parties, the Liberals, the National and Regional parties (such as the Scott

12、ish or Welsh National Party), and other independent parties can exercise their influence. Some issues may be decided on a mere handful of votes.1.According to the passage, the Liberal Party could be described as （ ）.2.A constituency is（ ）.3.How can the other parties exercise their influence in Parli

13、ament，according to the passage?4.The Cabinet is（ ）.5.Which of the following statements is NOT true?6.The appropriate title for this passage is（ ）.问题1选项A.a party with policies of its ownB.the only small party with independent viewsC.a very influential partyD.a small party with no central policy问题2选项A

14、a place where the General Election is heldB.a political area found only in the larger townsC.an area represented by an MP in ParliamentD.an area of the country问题3选项A.By remaining independent.B.By supporting various proposals put forward by the major parties.C.Through the Members of Parliament they

15、have chosen.D.Through their combined voting power.问题4选项A.the Prime Ministries private officeB.a ministerial group assisting the Prime MinisterC.any group of MPs with special responsibilityD.a specially chosen team of ministers from all three political parties问题5选项A.The British voters usually have a

16、choice among at least three candidates.B.The three major parties of Britain are the Labor Party, The Tory Party, and the Conservative Party.C.The government in office has to face various kinds of criticism from the opposition parties.D.The result of the vote is decided by the opinion of the majority

17、 of voters.问题6选项A.The British voting SystemB.British votersC.The Three Major Parties of BritainD.Her Majestys Government【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:B第6题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。第二段指出: .and between the two, with politics and opinions of its own, is the smaller Liberal Party (而介于这个两个政党之间的是较小的自由党，其有自己政治和观点),故A项“一

18、个拥有自己政治的政党”符合原文所述。2.细节事实题。第三段指出: The cities and large towns are themselves divided into constituencies and they also choose the Members of Parliament (MPs) who will represent their views in the Houses of Parliament at Westminster (这些城市和大的城镇各自分为多个选区，并且他们会选举自己的国会议员，以在位于威斯敏斯特的国会大厦中代表自己的观点),故C项 “由一个国会议员

19、所代表的地方”正确。3.细节事实题。最后一段指出: Decisions are made by a majority vote and this, of course, is where the other parties, the Liberals, the National and Regional parties （such as the Scottish or Welsh National Party）, and other independent parties can exercise their influence (（政府的）决策由大多数选票来决定，当然这一点也是其它政党如自由

20、党，其它独立党派能施加他们的影响的地方),故选D“通过联合起来的投票权”。4.细节事实题。最后一段指出: .the government of the day led by its Prime Minister and his Cabinet - a team of specially selected ministers carries out its duties of governing the country (由政府总理和总理的内阁（一组专门选定的大臣）领导的政府执行管理国家的责任),由此可知内阁是“协助总理的大臣团体”。5.细节事实题。A: 英国选民通常可以在三位候选人中做出选择,

21、第一段指出: .they usually have a choice of at least three candidates. (他们一般有至少三位候选人),故A项符合原文所述。B: 英国的三大政党为：工党、托利党和保守党,第二段指出: The Labor Party is the party of the left, the Tory or Conservative Party represents the right and between the two, with politics and opinions of its own, is the smaller Liberal Par

22、ty (工党是左翼政党，托利党（或保守党）是右翼政党，而介于这个两个政党之间的是较小的自由党，其有自己政治和观点),故B项与原文不符。C: 执政党需要面对来自在野党的各种指责,最后一段指出: The government in office has to face the criticism of the other parties which are in opposition (执政党不得不面对在野党的指责),故C符合原文。D:选举的结果由大多数选民的意见来决定,第三段指出: Britain is divided into over 600 political units known as

23、 “constituencies”，each with its own candidates who stand for Parliament hoping to be elected （or re-elected） with large majorities (英国被分为600多个政治选区，每个选区都有代表议会的自己的候选人，且这些人希望被大多数选民选举（或再次被选举）),故D正确。因此本题选B。6.主旨大意题。主要讲英国的选举制度以及在野党怎样通过选票来施加自己对执政党的影响等,故A项“英国的选举制度”比较适合做文章标题。8. 单选题It is always my height that

24、gives me （ ）.问题1选项A.offB.upC.awayD.out【答案】C【解析】句意:一直以来都是我的身高把我暴露了。考查短语辨析。give off 发出(光)等,长出 (枝)等; give up 放弃,交出; give away 泄露, 使露出真面目; give out 分发,公布。根据题干中的my height可知C符合句意。9. 翻译题Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teachi

25、ng. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both height and the no-so-bright child. After all, it can

26、 be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade.Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic

27、ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.【答案】我们发现，聪明的孩子如果接受不按能力分班的教学，很少会因此而在发展方面受到阻碍。相反，他们在知识和经验方面都有长进。我们认为把学生按照能力分班有很多弊端。这种做法没有考虑到孩子们发展差异这一事实。对聪明的孩子和不太聪明的孩子 都有不利影响。毕竟，在最好的那一档里做最差的学生也是非常令人沮丧的。此外，

28、只根据智力水平来对人进行分类也是颇不现实的。智力水平仅仅是整体人格特征的一个方面罢了。我们关心的是让所有的学生都能充分发展各方面的能力，而不仅仅只是学术能力。我们也很看重个人品质与社交技能，而我们发现不按能力分班的教学有助于学习的各个方面。10. 单选题I would appreciate （ ）it a secret.问题1选项A.your keepingB.that you keepC.you to keepD.that you will keep【答案】A【解析】句意:感谢你保守秘密。考查固定搭配。Appreciate sth./doing sth. 感谢。11. 单选题Tom comp

29、lained to the bookseller that there were several pages （ ）from the dictionary.问题1选项A.losingB.lostC.missingD.missed【答案】C【解析】句意:汤姆向书商抱怨这本字典缺了几页。语法题。考查后置定语。分析题干跟选项可知空格处为动词的现在分词形式作后置定语修饰several pages,表示 “丢失了的”。四个选项中, losing失败的,使受损失的; lost失去的,丧失的,迷路的。这两项一般不放在被修饰词后作定语。Missing 丢失的,下落不明的。Missed 感到思念的。因此C符合句

30、意。12. 单选题Another urgent problem （ ）the new kingdom was that of the education of its citizens.问题1选项A.conflictingB.confrontingC.competingD.combating【答案】B【解析】句意:新王国面对的另一个紧迫问题是国民教育的问题。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的现在分词形式。Conflict冲突,抵触（不及物动词，后跟with或against）; confront面对， 遭遇，比较,可做及物动词; compete竞争，比赛，对抗（不及物动词，后跟with或aga

31、inst）; combat反对，与战斗。分析题干可知空格处应填及物动词,因此B项无论从语义还是从搭配上都符合题意。13. 单选题（ ） . a car knocked her down.问题1选项A.Walking homeB.While walking homeC.As she was walking homeD.Having walked home【答案】C【解析】句意:在她回家的路上，一辆汽车把她撞到了。语法题。考查时间状语从句。题干后半部分已经是完整句子,联系选项判断空白处需要填时间状语。从句的逻辑主语和主句主语不一致,因此不能用分词作状语,排除A,B,D。as可以引导时间状语从句。故

32、选C。14. 单选题We are doing this work in the （ ）of reforms in the economic, social and cultural sphere问题1选项A.contextB.contestC.textureD.pretext【答案】A【解析】句意:我们正在经济、社会、文化改革的背景下开展这项工作。考查名词辨析。Context上下文,环境,背景; contest比赛,竞争; texture 质地,纹理; pretext借口,托辞。因此A符合句意。15. 单选题Chinas population is unevenly distributed,

33、with the coastal areas in the east the most （ ）populated.问题1选项A.denselyB.vastlyC.enormouslyD.largely【答案】A【解析】句意:中国的人口分布不均，东部沿海地区人口最密集。考查副词辨析。Densely浓密地,稠密地,密集地; vastly极大地,广大地; enormously非常,极其; largely在很大程度上,多半,主要地。空格处形容人口密集,故A符合句意。16. 单选题The manager needs an assistant that he can （ ）to take care of

34、problems in his absence.问题1选项A.count inB.count onC.count upD.count out【答案】B【解析】句意:这个经理需要一位靠得住的助手，以便他不在时去处理问题。考查短语辨析。count in把算入,包括; count on预计,指望,依靠,依赖; count up计算（或清点）总数; count out不把算在内。根据句意可知B正确。17. 单选题It is impossible to reverse knowledge, but it is societys prerogative to state which pieces of k

35、nowledge should remain unused. “Can do” never implies “must do”. It is rightly illegal to clone a human being in the UK, but it would not be beyond human perversity for someone to try to do it elsewhere in the world. One UK doctor, who has publicly condemned the very ideas, claims to have had people

36、 offering themselves for cloning or asking to have it done to loved ones. It would appear that some are attracted by the idea, but maybe they have not fully understood the implications. Even supposing someone would be stupid enough to try, there are many serious obstacles to be overcome. There is fi

37、rstly the risk of imprisonment. A scientist would take the risk of ostracism from a disapproving medical and scientific establishment, and know that a journal would possibly refuse to publish any paper on the subject. Then, he or she would have to persuade or induce dozens of people to take part in

38、prolonged illegal experiments. It would need donors, egg cell recipients and surrogate mothers in fairly large numbers, to take part in experiments. Abnormally large progeny have resulted in animal cloning done to date, which suggests that there are serious risks to the health of the mother and pote

39、ntial embryo.In order to prevent the genie from coming out of the bottle, there should be immediate moves to set up, if possible, an international binding treaty to ban experiments regarding human cloning worldwide.1.This short article is mainly about （ ）.2.Why does putting “clone man to practice fa

40、ce so many obstacles?3.In order to prevent the genie from coming out of the bottle, we should do all the following except that（ ）.4.All the following are the obstacles that a doctor can meet when trying to clone a human being except（ ）.问题1选项A.the fact that it is illegal to clone human beingsB.what y

41、ou should do with a Genie out of a bottle and why you do soC.how a scientist could do this kind of experiments successfully though it is illegalD.the problems that “cloning humans” could bring问题2选项A.Everybody opposes it.B.The technique is not mature.C.It is against the humans ethicD.Both B and C问题3选

42、项A.we should really know the implications carried by the idea of cloning a human beingB.we shouldnt let our bodies be used for the illegal experiments done by some ambitious scientists.C.we should do our best to appeal to stopping all the “clone” experiments whether its on humans or on other species

43、D.we should make our best efforts to put a worldwide ban on the experiments on humans问题4选项A.serious risks to the health of the surrogate motherB.the risk of imprisonmentC.the risk of being executedD.the risk of resistance from medical establishments【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:C第4题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。第一段指出:在英国，克隆人被公

44、正地规定为非法,但仍有很多科学家们愿冒着风险去尝试。如果真的开始克隆人的实验，那么实验人员也会面临很多的阻碍，带来很多严重的危害。而最后一段又强调:为了阻止这一违法的罪恶行为出现，必须立即采取相关的限制措施。因此此文章主要是关于 “克隆人是一种违法行为的事实”。2.细节事实题。第一段指出: It is rightly illegal to clone a human being in the UK, but it would not be beyond human perversity for someone to try to do it elsewhere in the world (在英

45、国，克隆人被公正地规定为非法。但不能排除在世界某个地方有某个违背常情的人试图那样做)。故选C“违背人类道德”。3.判断推理题。题干问的是哪一个不是阻止魔鬼逃出玻璃瓶（即违法行为出现）的方法。A:我们应该充分认识到克隆人的想法意味着什么,第一段指出: It would appear that some are attracted by the idea, but maybe they have not fully understood the implications (这一观点对部分人似乎很有吸引力，这也许是因为他们没有充分认识到克隆人意味着什么),由此可知A符合原文;B: 我们不能让自己的身

46、体被那些野心勃勃的科学家用来 做实验,根据第一段倒数第二句“It would need donors, egg cell recipients and surrogate mothers in fairly large numbers, to take part in Experiments (这将需要有大量的捐赠者、卵细胞接受者和代孕妈妈参与到实验中)”可以推断B也是可以阻止魔鬼逃出玻璃瓶（即违法行为出现）的方法;C: 我们应该尽一切努力呼吁停止一切克隆实验，无论 是克隆人类还是克隆动物,文章中并未提及对动物的克隆实验进行限制。D: 我们应该尽一切努力 在全世界范围内限制克隆人的实验,根据最后一段“In order to prevent the genie from coming out of the bottle, there should b